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This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of powdered Mentha pulegiumL. (pennyroyal; medicinal plant) obtained from its dried aerial part on performance and carcass traits, of broilers. 200 broiler chicks (Ross 308) were used in a completely randomized design in five treatments and four replicates (10 birds per repli...
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Citations
... It's leaves possess a strong smell and had been conventionally apply in popular therapy for digestive tract disorders as antibacterial [3]. Some researcher have stated there is a positive effectivness of Mentha pulegium on broiler growing production and parameters of immunity [ 4,5] whilst others did not notice IOP Publishing doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/1262/7/072062 2 such effects. Scientific studies have proven the importance of the Mentha pulegium plant as an antibacterial, antifungal, anti-oxidant and stimulant to increase appetite. ...
The research was conducted to detect some of growth and gastrointestinal performance of broiler chickens fed with aqueous extract of mentha pulegium or lemon, which are alternative growth stimulants. In the study 324 day-old chicks (Ross 308) were used. There were 4 feed treatments each consisting of 3 replicates (27 chicks per iteration). The control group ( C ) was fed on basal diet without adding, while the other three groups were fed on basic ration with the addition of (0.5%) aqueous extract of mentha pulegium (AEM) and (0.5%) aqueous extract of lemon (AEL) and (0.2.5%) aqueous extract of mentha pulegium plus (0.2.5%) aqueous extract of lemon (AEM+AEL) in drinking water, respectively. Feed intake and body weight were measured every week. At the age of 35 days, four birds were slaughtered for each replicate, the relative weights of edible internal organs, intestines, relative length of intestines and abdominal fat were calculated. Results showed that from 1 to 35 days of age, body weight gain, feed consumption and feed conversion coefficient were higher (p < 0.05) in broiler chickens fed on the aqueous extract of mentha pulegium compared to the control. Lemon treatment and the mix has no obvious effect on productive characteristics compared to control group. The prorated weights of internal organs (edible), intestines and the prorated length of the intestines were impacted by the contents of mentha pulegium. The use of mentha pulegium and lemon alone or in combination reduces the weight of abdominal fat compared to the control group. Thus, mentha pulegium and lemon have an extensive range of investigation and future studies and need to take advantage of their potential benefits in order to develop animal production, particular the poultry industry.
... Research result [13], addition of mint leaves in the form of flour, carcass percentage ranged from (59.98 ± 3.00)% to (64.03 ± 4.13)%, while the research results [15] the percentage of carcasses produced was 75.18 -77.4%. The addition of Mentha pulegium L. to broiler rations at a level of 1-3% has a significant effect on the percentage of carcasses [24]. The percentage of carcass produced ranged from (66.63 ± 1.49)% to (68.86 ± 1.78)% [25]. ...
Research with the addition of fermented mint leaves in drinking water aims to determine the effect of treatment on the percentage of carcass weight, liver and heart. This research was carried out for 2 months in the Animal Feed and Nutrition Laboratory and in the broiler cage at the Livestock Production Laboratory, Payakumbuh State Agricultural Polytechnic. This study started from DOC until the age of 35 days, as many as 100 broilers were the subjects, 5 treatments and 4 replications were given. The treatments were without the addition of fermented mint leaves (A), the addition of 0.3% fermented mint leaves in drinking water (B), the addition of 0.6% fermented mint leaves in drinking water (C), the addition of 0.9% fermented mint leaves in drinking water. drinking water (D) and the addition of 1.2% fermented mint leaves in drinking water (E). The basal ration consisted of corn, palm oil meal, soybean meal, fish meal, coconut oil and top mix. The variables measured were the percentage of carcass weight, liver, and heart. The research method used a completely randomized design. The results showed that the addition of fermented mint leaves in drinking water had no significant effect (P>0.05) on the percentage of carcass weight, liver and heart. The conclusion is that the addition of fermented mint leaves in drinking water up to a level of 1.2% can be tolerated by broilers until the age of 5 weeks.
... The use of 0.5% of Mentha pulegium L. in the diets of broilers has positive effects on their performance and carcass traits [51]. Goodarzi and Nanekarani [52] reported that the application of 2% of pennyroyal medicinal plants in the diets of broilers has positive impacts on their performance and carcass traits. Pennyroyal oil has indicated a dominant fumigant impact against Sitophilus oryzae (L.) adults, and this effect is affected by the tested doses and exposure periods [53]. ...
Background
Natural herbal medicines may contribute to prevent and treat various diseases, and they have substantial medicinal properties.
Objective
The goal of this manuscript is to survey natural benefits, chemical components, and medicinal values of pennyroyal.
Methods
The goal of this manuscript was to outline the most notable advantages and pharmaceutical benefits of pennyroyal. The manuscript includes review articles, randomized control experiments, analytical studies and observations, which have been gathered from different sources such as Google Scholar, Scopus, Science Direct and PubMed. A review of the literature was carried out using the keywords such as pennyroyal, Mentha pulegium L., natural products and pharmaceutical benefits.
Results
The major pennyroyal essential oils are pulegone, menthone, isomenthone, piperitone, mentol, neo-menthol and 3-Octanol. The major health benefits of pennyroyal are antiseptic, depurative, digestive, anti-rheumatic, anti-arthritic, antimicrobial, antibacterial, stomachic, astringent, emmenagogue, decongestant and insecticide.
Conclusion
Nutrition therapy on the basis of traditional medicinal science is definitely useful for treating common diseases. Pennyroyal has notable promising health benefits, and its phytochemical and pharmacological benefits indicate its importance in modern medicinal studies.
... It is naturalized in America and thrives in Western, Southern and Central Europe, Asia, Iran, Arab countries, Ethiopia and North Africa [7]. The flowering aerial parts of pennyroyal have been traditionally used for its antimicrobial properties in the treatment of cold, sinusitis, cholera, food poisonings, bronchitis and tuberculosis [8]. This species is generally known under the name ''Feliou". ...
The aim of the study was the determination of the chemical composition of Moroccan Mentha pulegium L. essential oil (MpEO) and the evaluation in vitro of its antibacterial activity for using such as a natural antibiotic. MpEO was extracted by steam distillation method, and the chemical composition was determined using GC–MS analysis, in which pulegone (74.88 %), d-Limonene (8.69 %), 2-(2,2,4-Trimethyl-3-cyclopenten-1-yl) ethanol (5.43 %), and verbenone (3.21 %) represented the major compounds for MpEO. The antibacterial activity of the EO against seven bacteria strains: three strains of Escherichia coli serotypes, three strains of Salmonella (S. kentucky, S. newport, S. infantis) and Klebsiella strain was assessed by using the agar disc diffusion method, and by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The result shows that the lowest MIC value was obtained with MpEO against Escherichia coli and Klebsiella (MIC = 246.08 μL/mL).
... Following the banning of antibiotics, research on new and alternative growth factors which will increase growth performance, reduce costs and prevent the colonization of pathogenic bacteria in animals' digestive system, protect against diseases and improve digestion have accelerated (Karasu and Öztürk, 2014;Erhan, 2015;Abedini et al., 2017). Alternatives to antibiotics in the livestock sector, especially natural yield enhancers have recently found many areas of use (Goodarzi and Nanekarani, 2014;Karasu and Öztürk, 2014). These substances mainly are probiotics, prebiotics, enzymes, and medical aromatic plants (Yörük and Bolat, 2003;Yörük et al., 2008;Christaki et al., 2012;Vuong et al., 2016;Şahin et al., 2020). ...
... One of the most widely used plants is Mentha from the Labiatae (Lamiaceae) family with 20 different subspecies. One of the most well-known types is Pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium L.) (Erhan et al., 2012;Goodarzi and Nanekarani, 2014;Abedini et al., 2017). It is also known by different names such as squaw mint, Mosquito plant, and Pudding grass. ...
... It was found that thigh, breast, wing, and back-neck ratios did not change with the addition of pennyroyal (P> 0.05). While the results obtained from this study are in agreement with that of a previous one (Shafiei et al., 2014), the majority of the existing literature provides different results (Goodarzi and Nanekarani, 2014;Shamlo et al., 2014;Abedini et al., 2017). At the end of the study, no statistically significant difference was found between the groups in the weights of the heart, gizzard, liver, and spleen in the slaughtered broilers (P>0.05). ...
In this study, the effects of pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium L.) dietary supplementation on performance, carcass characteristics, some biochemical parameters, and intestinal histology were investigated in broiler chickens. Four groups were formed as control and groups treated with pennyroyal at different levels (0.25%, 0.50%, and 1.00%). In the experiment each group had eight replicates. A total of 192 broilers were used in the study with six broilers in each replicate. Water and feed were ad libitum provided. Adding different levels of pennyroyals to broiler rations significantly affected performance parameters; an increase in final body weight and carcass yield and a decrease in total feed intake and the conversion rate was observed (P<0.05). Serum cholesterol, malondialdehyde, and glutathione values were also affected by the addition of pennyroyal (P<0.05). Pennyroyal was effective in vitro against S. enteritidis, E. coli, S. aureus, S. abortus ovis, B.anthracis sterne strains. Besides, it increased the duodenum villus’ length compared to the control group (P<0.05). On the other hand, pennyroyal did not affect carcass and visceral organ weights, several serum biochemical values (P>0.05). As a result, it was concluded that pennyroyal at the level of 0.50% in ration was effective on health and growth performance of broilers.
... Pennyroyal leaves are rich in polyphenols, such as linalool, menthone, menthan, pulegon, piperitenone and other flavonoids. It has been determined that pennyroyal has antioxidant and cytotoxic properties besides these effects (Goodarzi and Nanekarani, 2014;. ...
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium L.) leaf powder supplementation in ration on performance, some blood serum biochemical parameters, and antioxidant status in weaned Tuj lambs. Twenty-four Tuj male lambs with an average body weight of 11.5±0.3 kg were allocated to three groups. While no supplementation was added to the basal ration of the control group, dried leaves of pennyroyal at the levels of 0.1% (P1) and 0.2% (P2) were added to the basal ration of treatment groups, respectively. During the experimental period (56 days) the lambs were to be weighted individually every two weeks and body weight gain (BWG), feed consumption (FC), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were estimated. Also, blood biochemical parameters and activity of antioxidants were determined. According to the study results, BWG, FC, and FCR were not affected by pennyroyal supplementation. Moreover, there was no difference between the control and pennyroyal treatment groups regarding serum biochemical parameters such as glucose, triglyceride, and total protein in the study. Mineral substances such as calcium and phosphorus levels were not influenced by supplementation of pennyroyal to the basal ration. Malondialdehyde and glutathione were affected by Pennyroyal supplementation on the 14th day. In conclusion, the supplementation of pennyroyal to lamb ration did not have a significant act on growth performance.
... Following the banning of antibiotics, research on new and alternative growth factors which will increase growth performance, reduce costs and prevent the colonization of pathogenic bacteria in animals' digestive system, protect against diseases and improve digestion have accelerated (Karasu and Öztürk, 2014;Erhan, 2015;Abedini et al., 2017). Alternatives to antibiotics in the livestock sector, especially natural yield enhancers have recently found many areas of use (Goodarzi and Nanekarani, 2014;Karasu and Öztürk, 2014). These substances mainly are probiotics, prebiotics, enzymes, and medical aromatic plants (Yörük and Bolat, 2003;Yörük et al., 2008;Christaki et al., 2012;Vuong et al., 2016;Şahin et al., 2020). ...
... One of the most widely used plants is Mentha from the Labiatae (Lamiaceae) family with 20 different subspecies. One of the most well-known types is Pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium L.) (Erhan et al., 2012;Goodarzi and Nanekarani, 2014;Abedini et al., 2017). It is also known by different names such as squaw mint, Mosquito plant, and Pudding grass. ...
... It was found that thigh, breast, wing, and back-neck ratios did not change with the addition of pennyroyal (P> 0.05). While the results obtained from this study are in agreement with that of a previous one (Shafiei et al., 2014), the majority of the existing literature provides different results (Goodarzi and Nanekarani, 2014;Shamlo et al., 2014;Abedini et al., 2017). At the end of the study, no statistically significant difference was found between the groups in the weights of the heart, gizzard, liver, and spleen in the slaughtered broilers (P>0.05). ...
In this study, the effects of (Mentha pulegium L.) dietary supplementation on performance, carcass characteristics, some biochemical parameters, and intestinal histology were investigated in broiler chickens. Four groups were formed as control and groups treated with pennyroyal at different levels (0.25%, 0.50%, and 1.00%). In the experiment. Each group had eight replicates. A total of 192 broilers were used in the study with six broilers in each replicate. Water and feed were ad libitum provided. Adding different levels of pennyroyals to broiler rations significantly affected performance parameters; an increase in final body weight and carcass yield and a decrease in total feed intake and the conversion rate was observed (P<0.05). Serum cholesterol, malondialdehyde, and glutathione values were also affected by the addition of pennyroyal (P<0.05). Pennyroyal was effective in vitro against S. enteritidis, E. coli, S. aureus, S. abortus ovis, B.anthracis sterne strains. Besides, it increased the duodenum villus’ length compared to the control group (P<0.05). On the other hand, pennyroyal did not affect carcass and visceral organ weights, several serum biochemical values (P>0.05). As a result, it was concluded that pennyroyal at the level of 0.50% in ration was effective on health and growth performance of broilers.
... Following the banning of antibiotics, research on new and alternative growth factors which will increase growth performance, reduce costs and prevent the colonization of pathogenic bacteria in animals' digestive system, protect against diseases and improve digestion have accelerated (Karasu and Öztürk, 2014;Erhan, 2015;Abedini et al., 2017). Alternatives to antibiotics in the livestock sector, especially natural yield enhancers have recently found many areas of use (Goodarzi and Nanekarani, 2014;Karasu and Öztürk, 2014). These substances mainly are probiotics, prebiotics, enzymes, and medical aromatic plants (Yörük and Bolat, 2003;Yörük et al., 2008;Christaki et al., 2012;Vuong et al., 2016;Şahin et al., 2020). ...
... One of the most widely used plants is Mentha from the Labiatae (Lamiaceae) family with 20 different subspecies. One of the most well-known types is Pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium L.) (Erhan et al., 2012;Goodarzi and Nanekarani, 2014;Abedini et al., 2017). It is also known by different names such as squaw mint, Mosquito plant, and Pudding grass. ...
... It was found that thigh, breast, wing, and back-neck ratios did not change with the addition of pennyroyal (P> 0.05). While the results obtained from this study are in agreement with that of a previous one (Shafiei et al., 2014), the majority of the existing literature provides different results (Goodarzi and Nanekarani, 2014;Shamlo et al., 2014;Abedini et al., 2017). At the end of the study, no statistically significant difference was found between the groups in the weights of the heart, gizzard, liver, and spleen in the slaughtered broilers (P>0.05). ...
In this study, the effects of (Mentha pulegium L.) dietary supplementation on performance, carcass characteristics, some biochemical parameters, and intestinal histology were investigated in broiler chickens. Four groups were formed as control and groups treated with pennyroyal at different levels (0.25%, 0.50%, and 1.00%). In the experiment. Each group had eight replicates. A total of 192 broilers were used in the study with six broilers in each replicate. Water and feed were ad libitum provided. Adding different levels of pennyroyals to broiler rations significantly affected performance parameters; an increase in final body weight and carcass yield and a decrease in total feed intake and the conversion rate was observed (P<0.05). Serum cholesterol, malondialdehyde, and glutathione values were also affected by the addition of pennyroyal (P<0.05). Pennyroyal was effective in vitro against S. enteritidis, E. coli, S. aureus, S. abortus ovis, B.anthracis sterne strains. Besides, it increased the duodenum villus’ length compared to the control group (P<0.05). On the other hand, pennyroyal did not affect carcass and visceral organ weights, several serum biochemical values (P>0.05). As a result, it was concluded that pennyroyal at the level of 0.50% in ration was effective on health and growth performance of broilers.
... In another study, the major components were piperitone (38%), piperitenone (33%), α-terpineol (4.7%) and 1,8-cineole (4%) (Mahboubi and Haghi 2008). Some authors have reported positive effects of Mentha piperita L. on broiler growth performance, blood biochemical and immunity parameters (Nobakht et al. 2011, Fallah et al. 2013, Goodarzi and Nanekarani 2014, while others assessed no influence on performance, humoral immunity, internal organ weights and carcass characteristics in broilers (Abdulkarimi et al. 2012, Ghalamkari et al. 2012, Mahdavi et al. 2013. ...
This study aimed to test the hypothesis that lower levels of pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium L.) extract can improve growth traits, blood constitutes, immunity and microflora in broilers up to 42-days production cycle. A total of 300 broiler chicks (Ross 308) were randomly distributed into five dietary treatments, with three replicates per treatment (20 birds per replicate) as follows: control group received a basal diet with no pennyroyal supplementation, whereas the treatment-groups fed the basal diet including different pennyroyal levels (100, 200, 300 and 400 ppm, respectively) in drinking water. Feeding of pennyroyal during the whole rearing period partly affected body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of broilers. Pennyroyal extract at different levels significantly lowered blood total cholesterol and triglycerides of birds. Results also showed significantly higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol and lower low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol levels in pennyroyal-supplemented group. Further, a significant increase of antibody production to total sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and IgM at 42 days of age was observed. Broilers receiving 100 ppm pennyroyal extract had the lowest count of E. coli bacteria in ileum. Overall, based on our findings, supplementing pennyroyal affected positively broiler growth traits, blood parameters and reduced harmful intestinal bacteria.
... Mentha pulegium, commonly (European) pennyroyal, or pennyrile, also called squaw mint, mosquito plant, and pudding grass, is a species of flowering plant in the mint family, Lamiaceae, which is native to Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East. Crushed pennyroyal leaves give a very strong scent similar to spearmint [14]. Pennyroyal is a traditional folk remedy abortifacient and culinary herb, but it is toxic to the liver and has caused some deaths. ...
