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In recent years, the use of algorithms to automatically generate news from structured data has shaken up the journalism industry—most especially since the Associated Press, one of the world’s largest and most well-established news organizations, has started to automate the production of its quarterly corporate earnings reports. Once developed, not...
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... According to Friday and Soroaye [51], collaboration between AI-powered tools and human journalists is essential for producing high-quality and trustworthy news as well as to maintain journalistic integrity in a media landscape characterized by drastic changes. Correspondingly, in Graefe's [116] guide to automated journalism, it is suggested that human and automated journalism are more likely to be studied together, as both form a "man-machine marriage". Following the same logic, other scholars have coined the term human-AI collaboration [1] to explain the importance of the synergy between humans and machines in a way which links back to earlier concepts such as "computer-assisted creativity" [117] and "augmented journalism" [118]. ...
Over the last decade, AI has increasingly been adopted by newsrooms in the form of different tools aiming to support journalists and augment the capabilities of the profession. The main idea behind the adoption of AI is that it can make journalists’ work more efficient, freeing them up from some repetitive or routine tasks while enhancing their research and storytelling techniques. Against this idea, and drawing on the concept of “hype”, we employ a critical reflection on the lens often used to talk about journalism and AI. We suggest that the severe sustainability crisis of journalism, rooted in growing pressure from platforms and major corporate competitors, changing news consumption habits and rituals and the growing technologization of news media, leads to the obsessive pursuit of technology in the absence of clear and research-informed strategies which cater to journalism’s civic role. As AI is changing and (re)shaping norms and practices associated with news making, many questions and debates are raised pertaining to the quality and plurality of outputs created by AI. Given the disproportionate attention paid to technological innovation with little interpretation, the present article explores how AI is impacting journalism. Additionally, using the political economy framework, we analyze the fundamental issues and challenges journalism is faced with in terms of both practices and professional sustainability. In the process, we untangle the AI hype and attempt to shed light on how AI can help journalism regain its civic role. We argue that despite the advantages AI provides to journalism, we should avoid the “shiny things perspective”, which tends to emphasize productivity and profitability, and rather focus on the constructive synergy of humans and machines to achieve the six or seven things journalism can do for democracy. Otherwise, we are heading toward “alien intelligence” which is agnostic to the core normative values of journalism.
... Automated journalism is an emerging field that involves the use of software and algorithms to facilitate the creation and curation of news storiesresponsibilities that have traditionally been deemed distinctly human (Lewis et al., 2019). Initially, automated tools were primarily employed for completing low-level news gathering and synthesis tasks (e.g., weather reports, sports recaps, and financial summaries), where human intervention had little impact on journalistic outcomes (Graefe, 2016). With recent advancements in machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), and natural language processing (NLP), automated journalism has expanded its capabilities to undertake more advanced tasks in newsrooms. ...
... The rise of emotional journalism and the unbridled expression of emotion required for media survival could be exacerbated by the integration of AI algorithms in newsrooms, a concern echoed by scholars such as Carlson (2018), Graefe (2016), and Diakopoulos (2019). Overall, this line of scholarship underscores the pressing need for developing ethical guidelines and best practices in automated journalism Page 2259 to ensure that emotional content enhances rather than compromises news integrity. ...
... Scholars often point to 2014 as a pivotal moment when the Los Angeles Times introduced "Quakebot" to generate content for the paper (Kotenidis & Veglis, 2021, 247). In 2015, the Associated Press implemented automated journalism to produce financial reports following Apple's quarterly figures (Graefe, 2016). NPR's Planet Money podcast employed AI to write news stories, The New York Times invited readers to distinguish between human -and AI-written articles, and even The Daily Show humorously used AI to address certain topics (Graefe, 2016: 10). ...
The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming a daily routine in newsrooms. AI appears as an essential tool in journalists’ professional routines, aiding in faster work processes, automatic text generation, and assisting with repetitive tasks. However, the use of AI in the media provides fertile ground for various types of abuse, settling scores with dissenters, and falls under the category of “weaponized defamation.” The Serbian government is committed to keeping pace with the development and application of AI in various sectors. However, this commitment is not accompanied by an adequate legal framework when it comes to the media. Currently, there is no specific law regulating this field, leaving those affected by existing practices to rely on related legislation, which neither covers all potential violations in this area nor prevents further manipulation. This paper analyzes the legal framework for regulating AI in the media, as well as the potential for self-regulation. The analysis is based on a case study in which media mogul Željko Mitrović published a “satirical video” on his X platform, followed by its broadcast in the news programs of Pink Television. The video, which was a deepfake generated using artificial intelligence, mocked opposition representatives. The paper also examines the first lawsuit in which opposition representative Dragan Djilas won against Željko Mitrović and Pink Television, based on the AI-generated video content that was broadcast on television. The scope of this ruling highlights both the possibilities and shortcomings of the legal framework in this area within the Serbian media landscape.
... Studies have highlighted the efficiency gains that AI can bring to newsrooms as well as the ethical and quality challenges it poses in an evolving media environment (Clerwall 2014;Diakopoulos 2019;Túñez-López et al. 2019;Parratt-Fernández et al. 2021). AI can be used for generating basic news stories, particularly in sectors with structured data, such as finance, sports, and weather; and to assist with journalistic tasks like research, selection, verification, composition, finding connections in large datasets, and the presentation and distribution of news (Graefe 2016;Simon 2024;Thurman 2019). News executives and managers underscore the use of AI for back-end automation tasks (56%) such as transcription and copyediting as a top priority, followed by recommender systems (37%), content creation (28%) with human oversight, and commercial uses (27%) (Newman 2024, p. 27). ...
... Its ability to contribute to better quality is disputed (Simon 2024) because, according to Gómez-Mompart (2021), the longterm sustainability of quality journalism will depend on those who have creativity and intelligence, among other abilities. AI cannot offer any of this to an audience (Graefe 2016) that particularly values the narrative quality and context of human-written articles. The rise in AI in journalism also entails ethical and professional concerns. ...
... Gómez-Mompart (2021) argues for the recovery of the best in-depth journalism, narrative and/or investigative, "relying more on competent humans than AI machines in terms of quality and emotion". Others, such as Graefe (2016), believe that a hybrid approach may be the most effective. ...
Through long-form, creative, high-quality stories, slow journalism seeks to counteract the effects of speed and immediacy in news production and consumption primarily driven by technological advancements. The advantages of artificial intelligence (AI) in journalism include generating and enhancing content, reducing workloads, and consequently giving journalists more time for non-routine and creative tasks. This raises the question of where AI fits into slow journalism. Twenty-one semi-structured interviews were conducted with practitioners of slow journalism in Spain to explore their use, attitudes, and perceptions of AI in their work. The findings indicate that the interviewees make rudimentary use of AI tools, and their attitudes range from a slight lack of interest to a willingness to learn more about them, alongside concerns regarding ethical boundaries and the potential for job losses. They assert that they have a moral and human responsibility when producing stories that AI cannot enhance in terms of quality, creativity, and emotional depth. It can be concluded that AI offers little to ‘slow’ journalists due to the significant limitations in enhancing long-form reporting. At most, it may enable them to streamline repetitive and non-creative work, thereby allowing the depth required in slow journalism, at least in its current state of development.
... Meanwhile, the significance of automated applications in e-commerce is growing increasingly (Theobald et al., 2021). Automated text generation is already successfully employed in areas including weather, sports, or financial news (Gentsch, 2018;Graefe, 2016). In e-commerce, this technology can offer substantial economic benefits by saving time and money in content production (Graefe, 2016). ...
... Automated text generation is already successfully employed in areas including weather, sports, or financial news (Gentsch, 2018;Graefe, 2016). In e-commerce, this technology can offer substantial economic benefits by saving time and money in content production (Graefe, 2016). This study examines three aspects of product descriptions (text layout, emotional tone, and product characteristics). ...
This study primarily investigates the impact of Artificial Intelligence(AI)-generated product descriptions on the consumer perception of a product. Specifically, the variables of text layout, emotional tone, and product characteristics are manipulated and analyzed within the scope of this research. This study serves as an initial endeavor to understand how various manifestations of these variables influence consumer purchasing decisions and perceived product attractiveness. Utilizing a multifactorial Between-Subjects experimental design, each of the 241 participants was exposed to one of eight distinct AI-generated product descriptions. The study demonstrated significant interaction effects between the variables of text layout and product characteristics, as well as text layout and emotional tone. These results provide a compelling foundation for the optimization of product descriptions in e-commerce, warranting a further exploration in future research.
... Un aspecto central de la integración de la IA en el periodismo es su capacidad para producir artículos de manera autónoma a partir de datos estructurados, un proceso conocido como "periodismo automatizado" o "narrativa generada por máquinas" (Graefe, 2016). Estas herramientas permiten la redacción de noticias financieras, deportivas y meteorológicas, entre otras, de forma precisa y rápida (van Dalen, 2012). ...
... La adaptación a la IA no solo implica aprender a operar las herramientas, sino también entender los principios subyacentes que rigen el funcionamiento de los algoritmos y su impacto en la producción de noticias (Anderson et al., 2016). Algunos expertos sostienen que la alfabetización en IA será esencial para los periodistas del futuro, ya que les permitirá identificar y corregir posibles sesgos o errores generados por los sistemas automatizados (Graefe, 2016). ...
... En el contexto de la IA en el periodismo, esta teoría sugiere que las tecnologías automatizadas de generación de contenido y verificación de información influyen en el modo en que los periodistas producen, seleccionan y distribuyen noticias (McLuhan, 1964). A medida que la IA permite automatizar la redacción de informes financieros, meteorológicos y deportivos, se plantea el riesgo de una reducción en la intervención humana, lo que podría transformar fundamentalmente el periodismo tradicional hacia un modelo donde las máquinas dominan ciertos aspectos de la producción noticiosa (Graefe, 2016). Esta teoría también subraya que los cambios impulsados por la IA en el periodismo pueden generar una dependencia excesiva de la tecnología, desplazando habilidades humanas que, hasta hace poco, eran esenciales en el campo. ...
Este artículo revisa el impacto de la inteligencia artificial (IA) en el periodismo, enfocándose en tres áreas clave: innovación, ética y colaboración en la verificación de noticias. La IA facilita la generación de contenidos automatizados y el análisis de grandes volúmenes de datos, lo que aumenta la eficiencia en la producción periodística. Sin embargo, el uso de IA también plantea importantes desafíos éticos, como la transparencia algorítmica, el sesgo inherente y la responsabilidad en la creación de contenido. Asimismo, la colaboración entre periodistas y sistemas de IA resulta esencial en la verificación de información, mejorando la precisión y rapidez en la lucha contra la desinformación. Concluimos que la integración ética y equilibrada de la IA en el periodismo puede potenciar la calidad informativa y reforzar la confianza del público.
... According to Graefe (2016), in the future, journalism will be closely integrated and form a relationship referred to as the 'human-machine marriage'. According to this view, artificial intelligence will analyse data, find interesting stories, and provide initial drafts, which will then be enriched by journalists with deeper analysis, interviews with key sources, and behind-thescenes reporting. ...
In the past five years, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has entered Indonesian newsrooms, aligning with the rise of Industry 4.0. This integration is poised to redefine the roles of journalists and media professionals in the future. Semi-automated journalism, a blend of human journalistic practices and AI technology, is being used in newsrooms to create news content. However, it faces challenges such as accuracy, ethics, and concerns about bias. This article uses a comprehensive literature review, covering academic publications and industry reports from the past five years, to examine semi-automated journalism in the AI era, with a focus on journalistic ethics. The review includes sources selected based on relevance, credibility, and contribution to the topic. The findings identify specific challenges such as the need for transparency in AI processes, potential biases in algorithmic decision-making, and the impact on journalistic integrity. While AI can improve efficiency, it falls short in content quality. It is crucial to train journalists for responsible AI use. Ethical principles should guide AI use in journalism to ensure the provision of quality and valuable information.
... Twenty-three per cent (23%) of the sampled articles framed AI as being capable of enhancing journalistic practices through increased efficiency. Studies have consistently highlighted AI's ability to automate routine tasks, allowing journalists to focus on highervalue reportorial work (Graefe 2016). However, we also observe that the improvements referenced are largely in terms of efficiency, not necessarily quality. ...
The rise and widespread use of generative AI technologies, including ChatGPT, Claude, Synthesia, DALL-E, Gemini, Meta AI, and others, have raised fresh concerns in journalism practice. While the development represents a source of hope and optimism for some practitioners, including journalists and editors, others express a cautious outlook given the possibilities of its misuse. By leveraging the Google News aggregator service, this research conducts a content and thematic analysis of Africa-focused journalistic articles that touch on the impacts of artificial intelligence technology in journalism practice. Findings indicate that, while the coverage is predominantly positive, the tone of the articles reflects a news industry cautiously navigating the integration of AI. Ethical concerns regarding AI use in journalism were frequently highlighted, which indicates significant apprehension on the part of the news outlets. A close assessment of views presented in a smaller portion of the reviewed articles revealed a sense of unease around the conversation of power in the hands of tech giants. The impact of AI on the financial stability of media outlets was framed as minimal at present, suggesting a neutral, wait-and-see position of news outlets. Our analysis of predominantly quoted sources in the articles revealed that industry professionals and technology experts emerge as the most vocal voices shaping the narrative around AI's practical applications and technical capabilities in the continent.
... In addition, the integration of AI in newsrooms is also transforming the responsibilities of journalists, as they are increasingly expected to collaborate with AI systems. The symbiotic relationship between humans and machines is facilitating the emergence of a novel form of journalism, in which artificial intelligence (AI) takes charge of the labourintensive tasks involving data, thereby enabling journalists to concentrate on investigative and interpretative reporting (Graefe, 2016). However, this transition is not without difficulties, as journalists are increasingly required to develop new abilities, such as data literacy and algorithmic comprehension, in order to effectively work together with AI systems (Carlson, 2017). ...
The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in journalism is changing how news is created, disseminated, and consumed in the quickly changing media landscape. Reviewing international case studies, this study examines how artificial intelligence (AI) influences news narratives. The study looks at how AI-powered algorithms affect the way news stories are framed, chosen, and distributed. Through examining case studies from various regions such as Europe, Asia, Africa, and North America, the research delves into how AI impacts journalism practices and the associated ethical considerations. Key findings show that although AI improves personalization and efficiency, it also raises questions about audience perceptions, media diversity, and bias. The results of this study also emphasize the necessity of ethical concerns and legal frameworks by highlighting the opportunities and difficulties that AI presents to the media landscape. The study ends with suggestions for additional research and possible approaches to reducing the ethical difficulties.
... AI is also transforming journalism by automating routine tasks such as data analysis and fact-checking. News organizations like The Washington Post and Reuters use AI to generate news reports and monitor social media for breaking news (Graefe, 2016). Additionally, AI-powered tools like Factmata help journalists identify and mitigate misinformation, ensuring the accuracy and credibility of news (Riedel et al., 2017). ...
This paper presents a comprehensive descriptive analysis of emerging AI tools in digital media content creation, focusing on three key areas: photo editing, audio editing, and content writing. The growing integration of AI in these domains has revolutionized content production, enhancing efficiency, creativity, and accessibility. The study selects three AI-powered tools for each category and evaluates their core features, advantages, and limitations. In photo editing, AI-driven tools streamline processes such as background removal, facial enhancement, and color correction. For audio editing, the research examines AI applications that assist in speech synthesis, noise reduction, and voice cloning. Content writing is evaluated through AI tools that generate text, perform grammar checks, and assist in creative writing. The analysis reveals how these tools are shaping the future of digital content creation by offering innovative solutions while also raising ethical and technical challenges. By providing insights into the functionality and implications of these AI tools, this paper contributes to understanding the evolving landscape of AI in digital media production.