FIGURE 4 - available via license: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Content may be subject to copyright.
| Effects of Increased Light Exposure on Coffee Quality. Percent of articles out a total of 19 articles that reported either an increase, decrease, or both increase and decrease in specific coffee quality parameters with increased light exposure.
Source publication
Climate change is impacting crop performance and agricultural systems around the world with implications for farmers and consumers. We carried out a systematic review to synthesize evidence regarding the effects of environmental factors associated with climate change and management conditions associated with climate adaptation on the crop quality o...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... of the reviewed articles assessed the effects of changes in light exposure on coffee quality (Figure 4). The light exposure examined in the articles focused on either the amount of light in coffee production systems such as solar radiation (directly related to light exposure and inversely related to percentage of shade) or on shade variables that decrease light exposure including canopy density and diversity, percent shade, and planting density (or self-shading). ...
Citations
... According to [1], the optimum mean temperature range for Coffea arabica per year is about 18-21°C or up to 26°C. At temperatures exceeding this range, the maturation and ripening of fruits accelerate, frequently resulting in compromised coffee quality. ...
... Excessive rainfalls affect coffee crop productivity, hinder disease control and weeds, increase the lixiviation of nutrients, and elevate the costs of cultivation practices [15,1]. This competency question illustrates the need of farmers and experts to avoid cultivating coffee in months more prone to rainfall. ...
Coffee is one of the major crops produced in Colombia which is the third largest producer of coffee after Brazil and Vietnam. Together, these three countries produce more than 50% of the world’s total coffee. One of the main challenges facing coffee producers in Colombia is to determine the effects of climate variability and climate change on their production. This paper presents CoffeeWKG, an RDF knowledge graph focused on weather conditions in the coffee-growing regions of Colombia over 15 years (2006–2020), to facilitate the understanding of climate impacts on coffee crops. CoffeeWKG enables the integration of heterogeneous sensor data collected from different weather stations and the definition of semantic metadata on agro-climatic parameters. This knowledge graph enables coffee growers and experts to explore and query historical weather conditions to establish a correlation between weather data and information on coffee crops, thus revealing the complex interaction between climate and production dynamics. This research is essential to improving the resilience of agriculture and optimizing resources in the face of changing climatic challenges.
Dataset Available at: https://zenodo.org/records/8237867
Code available at: https://github.com/cfigmart/coffeeWKG
... 6 For example, farm location is a foundational determinant of coffee quality because quality is associated with factors such as elevation, slope, aspect and specific geographical location. 7,8 Importantly, climate influences sensory quality, 9,10 which is a critical consideration given forecasted changes in temperature and precipitation across coffee-growing regions under anthropogenic climate change. [11][12][13] Those forecasted climatic shifts necessitate a clearer understanding of the impact of specific climatic changes on coffee sensory quality and the industry-standard attributes that are quantified during coffee quality assessment. ...
... 14 Specifically, the impact of changes in precipitation on coffee sensory quality remains somewhat unclear. 9 While several studies have suggested that increased water stress may improve sensory quality, 15,16 others have demonstrated that effects of rainfall on sensory quality vary by geographic location 17 and stress severity. 18 Because precipitation patterns are expected to shift due to climate change across coffee-growing regions, 19 understanding what those shifts mean for coffee sensory quality is critical. ...
... 5 Among these secondary metabolites, volatile organic compounds are known to contribute to the perception of specific aromas and flavors in coffee. 9,10,20 However, as is the case with sensory quality attributes, it is unclear if and how specific climatic changes shift volatile profiles in coffee, and it is essentially unknown whether potential shifts can be used to predict changes in industry-standard sensory attributes. ...
Background:
For a significant subset of agricultural products, including coffee, wine, and tea, sensory perceptions of terroir (i.e., characteristic flavors imparted by the growing environment) are tightly linked to the product's value. With increasing climate change, it is critical to understand how shifts in climate, such as changes in precipitation, may interact with management practices (e.g., cultivar selection) to impact sensory quality in terroir-driven crops, and what biochemical compounds may be associated with those impacts. Here, sensory quality and volatile profile composition were assessed for four Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica) cultivars grown in a field experiment where precipitation was reduced by rainout shelters, resulting in 14% lower soil moisture on average.
Results:
Our results indicate an overall increase in yield coincident with a moderate decrease in sensory quality in response to reduced precipitation. The presence and magnitude of the sensory quality shift varied by cultivar and sensory attribute, though the Acidity attribute was consistently negatively impacted across cultivars, albeit with a high degree of uncertainty. Additionally, 31 volatile compounds were identified across green coffee samples that were variably impacted by reduced precipitation. Hierarchical clustering analysis identified patterns in volatile clustering associated with sensory attributes that suggest reduced precipitation effects on sensory attributes may depend on non-linear combinations of secondary metabolites.
Conclusion:
Ultimately, our results advance efforts to improve predictions of climate impacts on coffee-growing landscapes and communities and highlight the value of considering indicators of harvest value beyond yield to improve economic forecasts for agroecosystems under climate change. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
... It is rapidly distributed over the world and evoked by inevitable factors such as population growth and resource depletion. Climate change has the implication of having negative impacts on systems around the world, with allegations throughout the food system and society [1]. Thus, climate change is an acute long-term concern that is reported as the possibility of temperature increases from 3.6 to 7.2, rainfall reduction, and global warming over the next twenty years [2]. ...
... Several simulation scenarios of the relationship of Arabica coffee with climate change shows declining in areas of production, productivity, and quality. For instance, Ahmed et al. [1] reported that how climate change influences coffee production in all direction all over the world using data results from 2000 to 2018 years. They described out ten prevalent environmental factors and management conditions were identified in the studies including: (1) geography; (2) altitude; (3) light exposure; (4) temperature; (5) water stress; (6) nutrient management; (7) type of cultivar; (8) pests and disease management; (9) fruit thinning and; (10) carbon dioxide which directly and indirectly affect the coffee production. ...
The climate change syndrome became chronic problems, making it tedious to give a straightforward diagnosis and solution. Day-today weather variability is the most challenging worldwide. Of several sectors facing climate change impacts, the agricultural sector is the most susceptible, dramatically reducing its outputs and outcomes. Severity grows more spectacularly in developing countries such as Ethiopia. The current climate change symptoms in Ethiopia's coffee production are yield reduction, disturbance on physiological and normal growth, quality deterioration, outbreaks of pests that earlier economically minor (diseases and insect pests such as thread blight and thrips) in coffee production and genetic erosion observed at ex-situ and in-situ areas. Arabica coffee is the most susceptible species to climate change, with a rough estimation scenario showing around 40% genetic erosion expected due to climate change if there are no mitigation interferences in Ethiopia. Huge reduction in quality and productivity of Arabica coffee has been significantly observed due to climate change and variability. Majorities of marginal production areas have become less productive and out of production in Ethiopia. Coffee producers enforced to substitute coffee farm with climate change-tolerant annual and perennial crops and other trees which negative affects coffee industry. In addition, the coffee land use system vividly changed the safest and most environmental friendly coffee production system into other intensive and careless production methods due to producers discouraging. However, indigenous farmers' knowledge and recently generated agronomy technologies can be used to mitigate climate change and its effects. Further awareness creation and application of mitigation methods such as agroforestry, shade, intercropping, irrigation, cover crops, different integration methods and genetic improvement or developing climate smart variety are the key solution and the hope for future coffee industry and producers.
... The distribution model indicated that the best currently suitable areas for coffee production in Mozambique are located above 600 m, in line with recent findings associated with other mountain regions with adequate environmental conditions for C. arabica (Ahmed et al., 2021;Anhar et al., 2021), since the altitude is crucial to coffee performance due to its association with temperature variation (Zhang et al., 2021). In accordance, the southern areas of Mozambique are mostly unsuitable since they are lowlands or medium-altitude hills (< 600 m). ...
Climate changes (CC) are a main global phenomenon, with a worldwide impact on natural and agricultural ecosystems. The objective of this study was to analyse the potential impact of future CC on the suitability of areas
for rainfed coffee growth, both at the Mozambique national scale and in the Gorongosa Mountain, under Agroforestry (AFS) and Full Sun (FS) management systems. The latter study site is part of the Gorongosa National Park (PNG), one of the most biodiverse places and an outstanding case of successful ecosystem restoration, including the rainforest from Gorongosa Mountain. Additionally, coffee cultivation in PNG under AFS is part of a strategy to strengthen the socio-economic sustainability of the local population, and the recovery of biodiversity in a degraded tropical rainforest ecosystem. Future climate assessments were elaborated through bioclimatic and biophysical variables (Elevation), with Coffea arabica L. being modeled under the current conditions and four global climate models (GCMs) using four Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSPs). Isothermality, annual precipitation, and altitude were the most important variables influencing suitable areas in Mozambique. The analysis revealed that currently suitable areas where C. arabica is grown in Mozambique will be negatively affected under future scenarios (SSP126 to SSP585) in both systems (AFS and FS), although with clear worst impacts for FS. Under AFS, suitable areas will be reduced between about half and two-thirds by 2041–2060, and up to 91% by 2081–2100 (depending on scenarios) at the whole country level. Additionally, in Gorongosa Mountain, almost all scenarios point to a 30% reduction of the suitable area by 2041–2060, reaching 50% by 2081–2100, both in SSP126 and SSP245 scenarios. In sharp contrast, at the whole country level, the FS system is projected to be unsuitable for most of Mozambique, with area losses close to or above two-thirds already in 2021–2040, and greater than 80% by 2061–2080. Under this system, the projections were even more dramatic, pointing to a total absence of adequate areas at Gorongosa Mountain already by 2021–2040. Overall, our study provides clear evidence that the implementation of AFS greatly reduces CC deleterious impacts, being crucial to guarantee the sustainability of the coffee crop in the near future.
... 30% irradiance reduction) can enhance dry bean yield, and total sugar and CGA contents in coffee beans [37]. Some evidence suggests that increased altitude (with a more prolonged maturation due to lower temperatures), as well as shade, might improve the sensory attributes of coffee [39]. Contradictory reports about environment and management practice impacts on coffee quality that might result from distinct C. arabica cultivars used in the studies. ...
... Coffee bean quality results from complex interactions between the relation of genetics and environment, which influences the presence/content of more than 1000 bean components [21]. The ongoing climate changes and the predicted future conditions demand evidence-based insights as regards coffee yield and quality, to guarantee the sustainability and promote resilience of the coffee sector, from field to cup [39], namely through plant breeding and adequate crop management. Here, we provided some novel data regarding yield and bean quality traits in the two initial harvest years, associated with water management, genotype, and microenvironment irradiance from the bottom (shaded) to the top (highly lighted) strata of plant canopy. ...
... Greater concentration of some secondary metabolites of coffee beans is usually associated with increased sensory attributes (e.g., trigonelline), whereas an increase of others (e.g., feruloylquinic acids) is often associated with a decline in sensory attributes, although with a high degree of uncertainty resulting from their specific thresholds, impacts, and cross interaction [21,22,39]. In fact, some compounds, such as chlorogenic acids, are associated to both positive and negative impacts in cup quality, depending on their absolute values and their interactions with other chemical compounds in each specific coffee [2,58]. ...
Water availability, light, management practices, and harvest time impacts on Coffea arabica L. yield and bean quality remain uncertain. It was hypothesized that the soil water and light availability could impact berry distribution, yield, and bean chemical attributes within the plant canopy. Therefore, it was aimed to study berry yield, berry distribution, and bean chemical traits along the canopy strata of four coffee genotypes (Iapar 59, Catuaí 99 and two Ethiopian wild accessions, 'E083′ and 'E027′), cultivated with (IRR) and without irrigation (NI) in the two initial harvest years. The maximum height of berry occurrence was lower in NI than in IRR plants in both harvest years. In the 2nd harvest year, higher leaf-to-fruit ratio was found under NI than under IRR for all genotypes, except for Catuaí 99, while the most regular berry distribution among canopy strata was obtained in IRR 'E083′, the highest bean yield in IRR 'E083′ and Iapar 59, and the highest percent of useful bean biomass in NI Catuaí 99. The reduced lipid content under IRR was more important in the 1st (all genotypes) than in the 2nd harvest year (Iapar 59 and 'E027′). As a novelty, chemical bean composition was additionally impacted by light availability along the canopy strata. Proteins declined from bottom (shaded) to upper (highly light exposed) strata, regardless of genotype and harvest year. Similar stratification was observed in caffeine in the 2nd year. Although some traits were somewhat changed among strata, no substantial quality changes occurred, thus allowing that harvest might include the entire plant and not only some specific strata. Iapar 59 and 'E083′ showed chemical composition usually associated with high bean quality, with the highest lipid, sucrose, and soluble sugar contents, and the lowest caffeine, chlorogenic acids, and phenolic components among four genotypes, but Iapar 59 plants were less affected in their yield under NI. Based on additional responses from space occupation and yield only under IRR, the wild accession 'E083′ must be considered in future breeding programs as promising material for intensive input conditions. High bean quality and the less variated yield under lower soil water availability qualified the Iapar 59 as the most prominent among the four genotypes.
... In particular, it will presumably affect coffee production making currently cultivated areas unsuitable (Davis et al., 2012;Moat et al., 2017). Furthermore, climate change will affect coffee quality aspects, such as flavour and composition (Ahmed et al., 2021), and ultimately it will make coffee listed as a species endangered for extinction (Moat et al., 2019). ...
Coffee consumption is concentrated in the "Global North", while production is mainly located in the "Global South". This trade-driven dependency leads to the exploitation of natural resources. As an export-oriented cash crop, such dependency jeopardizes the existence of a fair distribution of the risks and revenues among all the actors taking part in its globalized supply chain. Coffee trees are mainly rain-fed and only partly irrigated. However, the increasing global coffee demand led to higher consumption of freshwater, which can exacerbate the stressed condition of already stressed water basins. This study quantifies the impact of global coffee consumption on water scarcity, considering the larger system made of producer and consumer countries. The global displacement of such impact is driven by consumer preferences. We found that the US, EU and Asian countries' coffee consumption create impact on water scarcity mostly in African and South American countries, which is also representative of the economic disparities existing behind the global trade flows. Climate change will likely affect the varieties currently preferred by global consumers. Therefore, immediate environmental sustainability actions including water resource preservation are necessary to face current and future challenges.
... Coffee production was previously well known in the lowlands and partially in the midlands, according to farmers. This is inconsistent with the findings of Asrat & Simane (2018) and Ahmed et al. (2021). Farmers stated that crop type or variety shifting was taking place because of rising temperatures and erratic rainfall. ...
Background: A range of local social and environmental factors has an impact on farmers' views of climate change and choices on the use of coping mechanisms. This study examines the factors that are limiting farmers' perceptions of climate change and their coping mechanisms in Gimbi district, Western Ethiopia.
Methods: A household survey and focus group discussion were employed to collect relevant data. A total of 402 randomly selected households and six focus group discussions containing 72 participants were used to gather data. Binary logit models were used to analyze the collected data.
Results: Farmers noted that some of the signs of climate change included increasing temperature, erratic rainfall, late onset of rainfall, and early cessation of rainfall. We discovered that there are three distinct sets of climate adaption strategies used by farmers: crop management, soil and water conservation and intensive farm management. The primary determinants of farmers' perceptions of climate change and adaptation techniques were household head age, education, soil fertility, market access, and agricultural training. Age, education, and soil fertility level were the characteristics that significantly impacted farmers' perspectives and coping mechanisms among the primary drivers evaluated in the area. Use of Agroforestry, shifting planting dates, and fertilizer application were all essential farming practices used as climate adaptation measures.
Conclusions: Both socioeconomic and environmental factors have found to affect farmers’ perceptions of climate change in the area. The existing socioeconomic and environmental factors, in turn, affect their choice of strategies to adapt to climate change. When implementing climate change adaption strategies, it is critical to assess farmers' level of awareness of climate change and their coping strategies, as well as the factors limiting their ability to adapt to climate change.
... Several factors, such as genetics, growing environment, agricultural practice and postharvest processing, determine quality and biochemical composition of green coffee beans (Ahmed et al., 2021;Amalia et al., 2021;Hameed et al., 2018;Koutouleas et al., 2022;Worku et al., 2018). Elevation (mainly affecting the temperature of the area) and shade (mainly affecting the microclimate at coffee farms and surrounding areas) are among the growing conditions that considerably influence these attributes of coffee beans (Ahmed et al., 2021;Koutouleas et al., 2022;Tolessa et al., 2017;Worku et al., 2018). ...
... Several factors, such as genetics, growing environment, agricultural practice and postharvest processing, determine quality and biochemical composition of green coffee beans (Ahmed et al., 2021;Amalia et al., 2021;Hameed et al., 2018;Koutouleas et al., 2022;Worku et al., 2018). Elevation (mainly affecting the temperature of the area) and shade (mainly affecting the microclimate at coffee farms and surrounding areas) are among the growing conditions that considerably influence these attributes of coffee beans (Ahmed et al., 2021;Koutouleas et al., 2022;Tolessa et al., 2017;Worku et al., 2018). Particularly, higher elevations and shade at lower elevations are found to improve physical and cup quality attributes of coffee beans, which have been primarily attributed to cool climates (Bertrand et al., 2012;Decazy et al., 2003;Muschler, 2001). ...
Hitherto, studies on shade and postharvest processing (PHP) effects on coffee quality across elevation ranges (ER) are limited. The effects of shade, PHP and their interaction on quality and caffeine, sucrose and chlorogenic acids (CGAs) contents of arabica coffee beans in lowland and midland were evaluated. The results showed that physical, total preliminary and total specialty qualities were higher for beans grown in midland than those grown in lowland, but CGAs (57.5 g kg⁻¹ dw) were higher for beans grown in lowland. Dry-processed midland coffee had higher physical and total preliminary qualities with lower 3,5diCQA (6.9 g kg⁻¹ dw) and FQA (4.4 g kg⁻¹ dw) than wet-processed lowland and midland coffees. Conversely, wet-processed lowland coffee had lower physical and total preliminary qualities with higher 3,5diCQA (8.7 g kg⁻¹ dw) and FQA (4.7 g kg⁻¹ dw) than dry-processed lowland and midland coffees. Coffee beans grown with shade in lowland had lower acidity than those grown without shade in lowland and midland. But, coffee beans grown without shade in lowland had lower caffeine (13.8 kg⁻¹ dw) than those grown with shade in lowland and midland. Physical and total preliminary qualities were negatively correlated with caffeine, 4-CQA, 3,5diCQA, FQA and total CGAs. This study is the first to show the relationship between ER and PHP in coffee quality and biochemical composition of green arabica coffee beans.
... Dangerous climate change may be prevented by limiting emissions from agriculture and reducing food consumption and waste. Climate changes are affecting crops in many ways: (i) geographical areas suitable for cultivation; (ii) trophic interactions in agroecosystems; (iii) crop yields; and (iv) crop quality (determined on the basis of micronutrient, mineral and secondary metabolite concentrations) (Ahmed et al., 2021). ...
... It is highly probable that in the next years, climate change may be the cause of major crop losses in the world's poorest countries. To reduce the detrimental impact of climate change is not an easy task, however, if we do not take rapid actions, the world will be less habitable and it is essential to understand how climate change is impacting different crops in various management systems in order to design evidence-based strategies to strengthen the resilience of agriculture to global change (Ahmed et al., 2021;Han et al., 2020). To this aim, new crop varieties, better adapted to the new climatic conditions, are being developed by modern agricultural biotechnology (Hertel and Lobell, 2014). ...
Driven by several factors, including the COVID-19 pandemic and armed conflicts around the world, global hunger is growing again. Recent estimates suggest that in 2050 we will have a population of about 10 billion, with an expected increase in the global food demand by 35%–56% between 2010 and 2050. With these premises, feeding people around the world without harm the planet appears quite challenging. In this scenario, public authorities and non-governmental actors have an important role to play in achieving sustainable food security, in line with the Sustainable Development Goals set by the United Nations 2030 Agenda. This chapter aims to briefly describe the framework of actions that may be taken in the agricultural sector to achieve food sustainability and security goals by 2030.
... C. arabica is world-famous for its aroma and acidity; meanwhile, C. canephora has a greater body but a lower aroma [2]. This coffee species is distinguished by its excellent industrial value, drought resilience, and heat tolerance [3][4][5]; in comparison, C. arabica tends to have a lower output for one or two years after reaching its peak production [6][7][8]. According to projections, C. arabica growing areas will be 300 m lower by 2050 [9,10]. ...
C. canephora (syn. C. robusta) is distinctive due to its rising industrial value and pathogen resistance. Both altitude and post-harvest methods influence coffee cup quality; however, modest information is known about this coffee species. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between four different altitudes and post-harvest processes (dry, honey, and wet) to the improvement of the organoleptic quality of the C. canephora congolensis and conilon drink. For dry processing, congolensis and conilon showed the lowest scores in terms of fragrance/aroma, flavour, aftertaste, salt–acid, bitter–sweet, and body. Above 625 m, coffees from dry, honey, and wet processes increased scores in their sensory attributes, but there was no difference at such high altitudes when comparing post-harvest samples. Dry-processed coffee samples had total scores over 80 points at high altitudes. Conilon was perceived to have the best sensory attributes at high altitudes using honey processing. In general, the wet-processed congolensis and conilon samples had a tastier profile than dry-processed ones.
