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Effect of menorrhagia on daily activities. Percentage of women with light/normal or heavy periods who thought that menorrhagia had an effect on their everyday life (lectures, examinations and social events). Menorrhagia may affect more than one daily activity in some women. *Between-group comparison: p<0.001.
Source publication
To establish the prevalence of menstrual-related problems among university students.
A questionnaire regarding gynecological, bleeding and family history was sent by electronic mail (e-mail) to all female students attending University College London (UCL).
A total of 767 students aged 18-39 years replied; 71% had a regular menstrual cycle. One in t...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... 4 and 5 illustrate the proportion of women who felt that their menstruation significantly affected their life in terms of missing lectures/social events or having an examination result adversely affected. Overall, 60.1% (161/268) of those with heavy periods felt that their quality of life was significantly affected by their periods with a quarter (n=70) missing at least 1 lecture per month, nearly half (n=124) having an examination affected and more than half (n=146) missing a social event every month (Figure 4). Even among those who thought their periods were light in terms of menstrual bleeding (n=121; 15.8% ), more than a quarter (n=33) felt their quality of life was significantly affected during menstruation. ...
Context 2
... data hold implications for the academic performance of female university students. Interestingly, even among women with light periods and only slight dysmenorrhea, a considerable percentage was also affected (Figures 4 and 5). The mean age of menarche was 12.6 years (median 13 years). ...
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The authors selected and evaluated relevant publications on the advantages and challenges of oestrogen-containing and oestrogen-free oral contraceptives obtained from the MEDLINE and Google databases from January 2000 to January 2010. In addition, the reference lists from the obt...
Introduction:
Mothers' attitude may affect use of combined oral contraceptive pills by their daughters. We explored Chinese mothers' knowledge of and attitudes towards the use of combined oral contraceptive pills by their daughters for menstrual disorders or contraception, and evaluate the factors affecting their attitude.
Methods:
This survey w...
Citations
... reproductive system, such as menstruation (Ameade & Garti, 2016). However, there is little information about morbidity associated with menstrual problems in young populations (such as university students) (Anastasakis et al., 2008). Considering the above scenario, this study was conducted among collegegoing students in Lucknow, India. ...
... Farklı tanım ve kriterlere göre kadınlarda AMK'nın prevalansı %21.8-54.1 arasında değişmektedir (5,(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14). Kadınlarda yaygın olarak görülen AMK'nın etiyolojinde birçok faktör rol oynamaktadır. ...
... AMK, kadınların duygu durumunu olumsuz etkilemekte, iş verimliliğini, canlılık ve enerjisini azaltabilmektedir (16). Tüm bu etkilerin yanı sıra AMK kadınların okul (8,17) ve sosyal yaşamını da etkileyebilmektedir (8,16). On beş farklı ülkede ve 15-55 yaşları arasındaki kadınlarla yapılan bir çalışmada, menstruasyon döneminde ortalamanın altında adet kanaması olduğunu algılayanlara göre aşırı kanadığını düşünenlerin adetliyken daha fazla günlük yaşam ve seksüel aktivitelerinin, spor ve fitness uygulamalarının, iş hayatının olumsuz yönde etkilendiği saptanmıştır. ...
... AMK, kadınların duygu durumunu olumsuz etkilemekte, iş verimliliğini, canlılık ve enerjisini azaltabilmektedir (16). Tüm bu etkilerin yanı sıra AMK kadınların okul (8,17) ve sosyal yaşamını da etkileyebilmektedir (8,16). On beş farklı ülkede ve 15-55 yaşları arasındaki kadınlarla yapılan bir çalışmada, menstruasyon döneminde ortalamanın altında adet kanaması olduğunu algılayanlara göre aşırı kanadığını düşünenlerin adetliyken daha fazla günlük yaşam ve seksüel aktivitelerinin, spor ve fitness uygulamalarının, iş hayatının olumsuz yönde etkilendiği saptanmıştır. ...
This study was conducted to determine the effects of heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) on school and social life in nursingand midwifery students. This sectional study was conducted with 416 female students studying at the nursing and midwiferysection of the health related university higher education institution. The data were collected with a questionnaire including 30questions on the sociodemographic and menstrual features and the effects of HMB on school and social life. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate the data while paired comparisons were performed with the chi-square test. The prevalence of HMB determined according to the criteria was found to be 40.6% There was a statistically significant relationship between thepresence of HMB in the students and the level of the effect of menstrual bleeding on the physical activity, sleep, productivityat home, and the school, social, family and getting dressed living areas (p<0.05). Those with HMB were found to experiencemore shortness of breath and sleeplessness, to limit their social activities, and to have difficulties concentrating andunderstanding the lectures compared to those without HMB; the school success, attendance, social relationships, dailyactivities, self-confidence, and choosing and using clothing were found to be affected in addition to avoidance of visitingplaces where a long stay during the day was likely (p<0.05). We found that HMB was common in nursing and midwiferystudents and that it had a negative effect on the school and social areas along with many areas of their life. The students needto be made more aware of the diagnosis and treatment of HMB and guided so that they show health-seeking behavior in orderto decrease the problems experienced in the school and social life areas.
... Farklı tanım ve kriterlere göre kadınlarda AMK'nın prevalansı %21.8-54.1 arasında değişmektedir (5,(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14). Kadınlarda yaygın olarak görülen AMK'nın etiyolojinde birçok faktör rol oynamaktadır. ...
... AMK, kadınların duygu durumunu olumsuz etkilemekte, iş verimliliğini, canlılık ve enerjisini azaltabilmektedir (16). Tüm bu etkilerin yanı sıra AMK kadınların okul (8,17) ve sosyal yaşamını da etkileyebilmektedir (8,16). On beş farklı ülkede ve 15-55 yaşları arasındaki kadınlarla yapılan bir çalışmada, menstruasyon döneminde ortalamanın altında adet kanaması olduğunu algılayanlara göre aşırı kanadığını düşünenlerin adetliyken daha fazla günlük yaşam ve seksüel aktivitelerinin, spor ve fitness uygulamalarının, iş hayatının olumsuz yönde etkilendiği saptanmıştır. ...
... AMK, kadınların duygu durumunu olumsuz etkilemekte, iş verimliliğini, canlılık ve enerjisini azaltabilmektedir (16). Tüm bu etkilerin yanı sıra AMK kadınların okul (8,17) ve sosyal yaşamını da etkileyebilmektedir (8,16). On beş farklı ülkede ve 15-55 yaşları arasındaki kadınlarla yapılan bir çalışmada, menstruasyon döneminde ortalamanın altında adet kanaması olduğunu algılayanlara göre aşırı kanadığını düşünenlerin adetliyken daha fazla günlük yaşam ve seksüel aktivitelerinin, spor ve fitness uygulamalarının, iş hayatının olumsuz yönde etkilendiği saptanmıştır. ...
This study was conducted to determine the effects of heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) on school and social life in nursing and midwifery students. This sectional study was conducted with 416 female students studying at the nursing and midwifery section of the health-related university higher education institution. The data were collected with a questionnaire including 30 questions on the sociodemographic and menstrual features and the effects of HMB on school and social life. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate the data while paired comparisons were performed with the chi-square test. The prevalence of HMB determined according to the criteria was found to be 40.6% There was a statistically significant relationship between the presence of HMB in the students and the level of the effect of menstrual bleeding on the physical activity, sleep, productivity at home, and the school, social, family and getting dressed living areas (p<0.05). Those with HMB were found to experience more shortness of breath and sleeplessness, to limit their social activities, and to have difficulties concentrating and understanding the lectures compared to those without HMB; the school success, attendance, social relationships, daily activities, self-confidence, and choosing and using clothing were found to be affected in addition to avoidance of visiting places where a long stay during the day was likely (p<0.05). We found that HMB was common in nursing and midwifery students and that it had a negative effect on the school and social areas along with many areas of their life. The students need to be made more aware of the diagnosis and treatment of HMB and guided so that they show health-seeking behavior in order to decrease the problems experienced in the school and social life areas.
... Independent of whether students studied in low-, middle-and high-income countries, most did not consult a health professional for their menstrual-related complaints [30,41,43,52,54,61,62,64,78,79,83,84,[89][90][91][92]. Among Spanish students, there was an overwhelming belief that pain was normal and something that most women experience, and thus medical advice was unnecessary [92]. ...
... South African students who sought medical advice felt their doctor lacked understanding of their concerns [15]. Students in England were more likely to visit a doctor for subjective menorrhagia compared to normal or light periods, and were less likely to see a doctor for dysmenorrhea even if pain was severe [43]. ...
... Aside from pain, two quantitative studies conducted in a high-and a lower-middle-income country found that students with heavy menstrual bleeding absented from lectures or full days at university [14,43]. Absenteeism was also pronounced in students who perceived their university facilities as unsanitary and lacking water, privacy and dustbins as they could not comfortably manage their menstruation [71]. ...
Background
Higher education attainment is linked to improved health and employment outcomes but the impact of university students’ experiences of menstruation on their education is less clear. The objective of this review was to synthesise qualitative and quantitative research on university students’ menstrual experiences and educational impacts.
Methods
Eligible studies were identified through systematic searching across eight peer-reviewed databases, websites for menstrual health organisations, grey literature databases, and reference lists of included studies. Eligible studies must have reported on at least one of the antecedents or components of menstrual experience outlined in the integrated model of menstrual experience in relation to university students or reported on the impact of their menstrual experiences on their education. Study characteristics and findings were extracted, analysed and presented as a narrative synthesis. The quality of evidence was assessed with the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. This study is registered on PROSPERO, number CRD42020178470.
Results
Eighty-three studies were eligible for inclusion. Most studies (n = 74; 89%) were quantitative and the highest proportion of studies were conducted in lower-middle-income countries (n = 31; 37%). Self-reported dysmenorrhea, other physical and emotional menstrual-related symptoms, and menstrual stigma contributed to negative menstrual experiences among female students. Very few studies considered the menstrual experiences of non-binary and transgender menstruating students, and culturally diverse students. Dysmenorrhea contributed to university absenteeism, impaired participation and concentration, and declining academic performance. Inadequate sanitation facilities for menstrual management and challenges containing menstruation also negatively impacted education.
Conclusions
Female university students’ experiences of menstruation can negatively impact their education, highlighting the need for program and policy responses at university to improve students’ wellbeing and educational engagement. Further research on the menstrual experiences of gender diverse, migrant and international students is needed as there is insufficient evidence to date.
... Besides, there is little information about gynecological morbidity associated with menstrual problems in young populations (such as university students) (29). Considering the above scenario, this study was conducted among college students in Lucknow, India. ...
Background: Girls in many low and middle-income countries enter puberty with knowledge gaps and misconceptions about menstruation may lead to unsafe hygienic practices that increase health risk. Despite such importance, educated girls' knowledge and hygienic practice towards menstruation are not well addressed in India. Consequently, the present study attempted to assess menstrual hygiene knowledge and practice among college students in Lucknow city in north India.
Method: An online college-based cross-sectional study design was employed in Lucknow, the capital of Uttar Pradesh in India. Data collection was carried out from September 11 to September 25, 2020, using a google form among undergraduate and Postgraduate students. All variables that were significant at bivariate level (at P-value < 0.05) were entered into multivariate analysis using a logistic regression model to control for confounding factors. In the final model, P-value of less than 0.05 was used as a base to identify factors having a statistically significant association with poor knowledge and hygiene practice at corresponding 95% confidence interval.
Results: More than half of students' ages of menarche were between 12-15 years, and duration of menses flow was between 3-5 days. The most common premenstrual symptom was abdominal pain (67%) and back pain (50.5%). Majority of the students had first time discussed menstrual problems with their mothers (69.2%). Around 94% of students were currently using a sanitary pad as an absorbent. Regarding cleanliness, about (90.9%) girls clean their genitals after urinating during mensuration. Around 18.9% used medication during menstruation. Multivariate analyses reveal that students of Science and Technology (vs Commerce and Management Students) and monthly family income 50-100 thousand (vs < 25 thousands) were associated with good knowledge about menstruation. In contrast, students' fathers were graduates (vs school educated); the occupation was 'Other'(vs Farmer) ; living in a nuclear family(vs Joint family) and residing in urban areas(vs Rural) were less likely to have good menstruation knowledge. Besides, good hygiene practices are less likely to have with 'Other' Religion(vs Hindu), working mother(vs Housewife), monthly family income between 25 to 50 thousand(vs <25 thousands), and Nuclear family(vs Joint family) (p<0.05).
Conclusions
Most college students had poor knowledge but followed hygienic practices correctly. It demonstrates a need to design acceptable awareness creation and advocacy programs to improve college students' knowledge during menstruation. Of all the sociodemographic factors, monthly income and types of family influenced students' knowledge and practices related to menstruation.
... The well-known menstrual problems include irregular periods, abnormal menstrual flow length, abnormal blood volume, period pain, and premenstrual syndrome. A series of studies have shown a high incidence of menstrual problems in young women, with approximately 69% reporting period pain, 40% having premenstrual syndrome and 29% having irregular menstrual cycle [2][3][4]. Previous studies have found that abnormal menstrual cycle is related to several medical conditions, such as osteoporosis, type II diabetes, infertility, cardiovascular disease, and breast cancer [5]. ...
PurposeWe aimed to investigate the association between sleep disturbance and menstrual problems in female Chinese university students.MethodsA convenience sample of 1006 female university students participated in this study. Sleep duration, sleep quality, and insomnia symptoms were assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Insomnia Severity Index. A structured questionnaire was used to assess participants’ demographics and menstrual characteristics.ResultsThe prevalence rates of irregular menstrual cycle, heavy menstrual bleeding, menstrual flow length ≥ 7 days, period pain, and premenstrual syndrome were significantly higher in participants with sleep disturbance than those without sleep disturbance (all p < 0.05). After adjusting for potential confounding variables, poor sleep quality and insomnia symptoms were significantly associated with menstrual flow length ≥ 7 days (OR = 1.81, 95% CI = 1.23–2.68, OR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.13–2.45), period pain (OR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.02–2.35, OR = 1.56, 95% CI = 1.02–2.37), and premenstrual syndrome (OR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.30–2.24, OR = 1.93, 95% CI = 1.46–2.56). In addition, poor sleep quality was significantly associated with heavy menstrual bleeding (OR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.12–2.72), and insomnia symptoms were significantly associated with irregular menstrual cycle (OR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.02–1.80). However, short sleep duration (≤ 6 h) was only associated with premenstrual syndrome.Conclusion
Our results suggested that sleep disturbance is associated with menstrual problems among female university students. More attention should be paid to improving the sleep quality and insomnia symptoms in individuals with menstrual problems.
... In fact, a recent study showed that nearly one-quarter (22%) of university-age young women met criteria for heavy menstrual bleeding when using a validated pictorial bleeding assessment chart. 1 Additionally, there have been multiple studies that showed that AUB is associated with lower quality of life scores and increased days of missed school, work, and social activities compared with women without heavy menstrual bleeding. [2][3][4] Evaluation and management of AUB is also very expensive. 5 A large matchedcohort study published in 2012 showed that patients with a diagnosis code of heavy menstrual bleeding had significantly higher resource use including increased hospitalizations, emergency department (ED) visits, and outpatient visits compared with their matched controls. ...
Study Objective
We sought to improve emergency care for adolescents with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) by developing a clinical effectiveness guideline (CEG) and assessing its effect on quality of care.
Design, Setting, Participants, and Interventions
A stakeholder engagement group designed a CEG algorithm for emergency AUB management. Pediatric residents received CEG training and their knowledge and attitudes were assessed using pre- and post intervention surveys. International Classification of Diseases ninth and 10th revision codes identified electronic health record data for patients who presented to the pediatric emergency department for AUB 6 months before and after CEG implementation. A weighted, 20-point scoring system consisting of prioritized aspects of history, laboratory studies, and management was developed to quantify the quality of care provided.
Main Outcome Measures
Descriptive statistics, χ² test, Wilcoxon rank sum test, and a run chart were used for analysis.
Results
Pediatric residents reported higher confidence and knowledge scores post CEG implementation. Of the 91 patients identified, 62 met inclusion criteria. Median score was 14 ± 7 before CEG implementation and 15.5 ± 6 after. The Wilcoxon rank sum test showed a difference in AUB evaluation and management scores (P = .09) after implementation of the CEG. Run chart data showed no shifts or trends (overall median score, 14 points). Pre- and post implementation, points were deducted most frequently for not assessing personal/family clotting disorder history. The largest improvements in care were with appropriate medication dosing and disposition.
Conclusion
We designed a CEG and educational intervention for AUB management in a pediatric emergency department. These findings suggest our CEG might be an effective tool to improve emergency AUB care for adolescents and could increase trainees’ confidence in managing this condition, although additional cycles are needed.
... Studies from a number of African countries, including Kenya (Jewitt & Ryley, 2014), Tanzania (Kirk & Sommer, 2006), Malawi (Grant, Lloyd & Mensch, 2010) and Ghana (Sommer, Ackatia-Armah, Connolly, & Smiles, 2015) have reported that young women appraise menstruation as the most significant social stressor and barrier to schooling. International studies on the menstrual-related experiences of young women attending college in Britain (Anastasakis, Kingman, Lee, Economides, & Kadir, 2008), Japan (Yamamoto, Okazaki, Sakamoto, & Funatsu, 2009), India (Sharma, Malhotra, Taneja, & Saha, 2008;Singh, Kiran, Singh, Nel, Singh, & Tiwari, 2008) and Turkey (Pinar, Colak & Oksuz, 2011) have corroborated this . Menstrualrelated physical symptoms and psychological distress was experienced by women as hindering their full participation in university life . ...
This study aimed to investigate the attitudes and experiences regarding menstruation among undergraduate women at a historically disadvantaged South African university. A total of 255 women participated in the study. The majority of participants were black women (coloured = 55%; African = 29.2%). They responded to the Menstrual Attitudes Questionnaire (MAQ) and a demographic questionnaire. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA with post-hoc tests. The majority of women in the study (78%) had positive attitudes towards menstruation, viewing it as a natural event that can be anticipated and predicted. However, many of the women (51–58%) perceived it as debilitating and bothersome to everyday living. Menstruation was perceived by women as impacting on participation and performance in higher education, suggesting that the provision of tertiary education for previously disadvantaged groups needs to consider the needs of women who experience difficulty managing menstruation. The provision of...
... It may be associated with headache, dizziness, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, backache and leg pain. 2 It is one of the commonest complaints and abnormality among females at their reproductive age. 3,4 It was estimated that about 25-95% of females are complaining from dysmenorrheal. [5][6][7] It is also associated with greater psychological, physical, behavioral and social distresses. ...
... Similarly a study from Athens, Greece, found that there was a good correlation between heavy and painful periods. 3 Stress was one of the predictors of dysmenorrhea in the current study, after controlling confounding. Similar results were reported by other studies. ...
Objective:
To determine the prevalence, predictors and outcome of dysmenorrhea among female medical students in King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 435 medical students at KAU, Jeddah selected through stratified random sample method. A pre-constructed, validated, self-administered questionnaire was used to collect personal and socio-demographic information. Data about menstrual history, stress, smoking were also collected. The severity of dysmenorrhea was scored by the "Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)". Descriptive and analytical statistics were conducted.
Results:
The prevalence of dysmenorrhea was 60.9%. Logistic regression showed that heavy period was the first predictor of dysmenorrhea (aOR=1.94; 95% CI: 1.29- 2.91), followed by stress (aOR=1.90; 95% C.I.: 1.19-3.07). The prevalence of severe dysmenorrhea among the sufferers was 38.6%. Depressed mood was the commonest (80.8%) symptom accompanying dysmenorrhea. Regarding the outcome of dysmenorrhea, 67.5% of the sufferes reported emotional instability, while 28.3% reported absenteeism from the university.
Conclusions:
A high prevalence of dysmenorrhea was prevalent among medical students in King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Health promotion, screening programs, and stress management courses are recommended.
... We found that the preoperative complaints of the women had tremendous effects on women's quality of life and there were positive changes in their complaints after hysterectomy as women described the changes in their lives using the expressions "very good" and "great. " In their study with 767 university students aged between 18 and 39, Anastasakis et al. [26] found that 35% ( = 268) of the students had severe menstruation and 60% of them reported to have negative effects on their quality of life. 87.7% ( = 235) of the women participating in the study stated that their clothes got dirty during menstruation, and 55.2% ( = 148) of them used more than one product (tampon plus towel) at the same time [26]. ...
... " In their study with 767 university students aged between 18 and 39, Anastasakis et al. [26] found that 35% ( = 268) of the students had severe menstruation and 60% of them reported to have negative effects on their quality of life. 87.7% ( = 235) of the women participating in the study stated that their clothes got dirty during menstruation, and 55.2% ( = 148) of them used more than one product (tampon plus towel) at the same time [26]. In our study, the majority of the women in the case group described their menstruation as mild or moderate before menorrhagia while severe or very severe after menorrhagia. ...
Objective. The purpose of this study is to identify menstruation characteristics of the women and the effects of menorrhagia on women's quality of life. Methods. The study was designed as a descriptive, case-control one. Results. Of the women in the case group, 10.9% stated that their menstrual bleeding was severe and very severe before complaints while 73.2% described bleeding as severe or very severe after complaints. Among those who complained about menorrhagia, 46.7% pointed that they used hygienic products that are more protective than regular sanitary pads. Women also stated that their clothes, bed linens, and furniture got dirty parallel to the severity of the bleeding. In all subscales of SF-36 scale, quality of life of the women in the menorrhagia group was significantly lower than the ones in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion. Menorrhagia has negative effects on women's quality of life. Therefore, quality of life of the women consulting the clinics with menorrhagia complaint should be investigated and effective approaches should be designed.
