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Duration of closure activity. (FC, fishing charter; FM, fishmongers; TS, tackle Shops; AF, artisanal fishermen). (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)
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Covid-19 pandemic has affected worldwide in many different ways. Fisheries around the world are not an exception due to the long term isolation and the non-activities period suffered. To do an evaluation of its impact on the fishing sectors in the Canary Islands, 87 online and phone questionnaires were carried out between July and September 2020, c...
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Citations
... Asante et al. (2021) study shows that Newfoundland and Labrador fisheries sector experienced losses in fish export due to the implementation of lockdown measures. Also, the closure of borders restricted the exportation of fish from the US to international markets in Asia (Bassett et al., 2021;Smith et al., 2020), including the decrease in fish harvest due to the closure of HORECA and decreased demand for seafood (Carlson et al., 2021;Fernández-González et al., 2021;Guerra-Marrero et al., 2021;Ruiz-Salmón et al., 2021;Russo et al., 2021). ...
... Relatedly, reported changes in the fish market caused a decline in revenue and income in several DC's fisheries sectors such as those in Canada and USA (Gordon, 2021;Smith et al., 2020;van Senten et al., 2021). Also, the import and export of seafood products were impacted, as in the case of Spain, where fish harvest/production activities were halted due to containments measures (Asante et al., 2021;Azra et al., 2021;Bassett et al., 2021;Belton et al., 2021;Bhendarkar et al., 2021;Campbell et al., 2021;Das et al., 2021;Ferrer et al., 2021;Giannakis et al., 2020;Grillo-Núñez et al., 2021;Guerra-Marrero et al., 2021;Hasan et al., 2021;Hossain et al., 2022;Islam et al., 2021;Manlosa et al., 2021;Pedroza-Gutiérrez et al., 2021;Rahman et al., 2021;Ruiz-Salmón et al., 2021;Russo et al., 2021;Salam et al., 2021;Sari et al., 2021;Sorensen et al., 2020;Soto et al., 2021;Stokes et al., 2020;Sunny, Mithun, et al., 2021;Sunny, Sazzad, et al., 2021;Suryawati et al., 2021;Tadjuddah et al., 2021;Truchet et al., 2021;Villasante et al., 2021;White et al., 2021;Widihastuti et al., 2021; Decreased fish price (n = 12) (Anna et al., 2021;Asante et al., 2021;Azra et al., 2021;Campbell et al., 2021;Ferrer et al., 2021;Giannakis et al., 2020;Islam et al., 2021;Lopez-Ercilla et al., 2021;Salam et al., 2021;Smith et al., 2020;Stoll et al., 2021; Operations (n = 26) Transport/ logistic disruptions (n = 20) Belton et al., 2021;Bhendarkar et al., 2021;Campbell et al., 2021;Das et al., 2021;Ferrer et al., 2021;Fiorella et al., 2021;Giannakis et al., 2020;Grillo-Núñez et al., 2021;Hidayati et al., 2021;Islam et al., 2021;Kumaran et al., 2021;Rahman et al., 2021;Soto et al., 2021;Stoll et al., 2021;Sunny, Mithun, et al., 2021a;Sunny, Sazzad, et al., 2021;van Senten et al., 2021;S. Zhang et al., 2021; Increased operational costs (n = 4) Villasante et al., 2021;Zhao et al., 2021) Avtar et al., 2021;Belton et al., 2021;Bhendarkar et al., 2021;Bhowmik et al., 2021;Campbell et al., 2021;Coll et al., 2021;Das et al., 2021;Ferrer et al., 2021;Giannakis et al., 2020;Hashim et al., 2021;Higgs, 2021;Islam et al., 2021;Kumaran et al., 2021;Lau et al., 2021;Mangubhai et al., 2021;Manlosa et al., 2021;Nanayakkara et al., 2021;Okyere et al., 2020;Pedroza-Gutiérrez et al., 2021;Plagányi et al., 2021;Rahman et al., 2021;Russo et al., 2021;Smith et al., 2020;Stokes et al., 2020;Stoll et al., 2021;Sunny, Sazzad, et al., 2021;Truchet et al., 2021;van Senten et al., 2021;Villasante et al., 2021;S. ...
... Fish harvesters in DCs responded in several ways at the individual level due to the various pressures and Table 2 Example of reported impacts for each step of the supply chain. Bhendarkar et al., 2021;Das et al., 2021;Fiorella et al., 2021;Guerra-Marrero et al., 2021;Islam et al., 2021;Lopez-Ercilla et al., 2021;Manlosa et al., 2021) Decline in fish supply (n = 5) (Carlson et al., 2021;Ferrer et al., 2021;Guerra-Marrero et al., 2021;Hashim et al., 2021;Lau et al., 2021) Decreased fish export (n = 4) (Nanayakkara et al., 2021;Plagányi et al., 2021;White et al., 2021; Consumer (n = 13) ...
The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted fisheries at every step of the global seafood supply chain, through such challenges as trade stoppages, lockdowns, and restaurant closures. We performed a scoping review of the literature published during the first two years of the pandemic to examine the challenges of new and unpredictable shocks to fisheries in countries around the world, with a specific focus on development status. We identified a robust body of published work that illustrates a rapid mobilization around COVID-19 research by scholars around the world. Pressures were governmental, economic, and societal in nature. Across developed and emerging countries, we found the greatest number of reports of impacts on fish harvest/production and fish trade. In least developed countries, impacts reported were often more cross cutting, affecting multiple aspects of the supply chain simultaneously. Individuals were most frequently reported as bearing the burden of responses to COVID-19 pressures in lower development status nations, while a larger proportion of responses reported for developed nations happened at the fishery and farm/firm level. In developed nations the pandemic also created new opportunities for people to respond innovatively and capitalize on supply chain disruptions. Importantly, while the literature offers robust details on fishers and fisheries from geographically and economically diverse locales, it fails to provide the necessary baseline information or other quantitative details that would be required to evaluate the magnitude and extent of harms experienced that may create long-term legacies for fisheries and small-scale fishing communities in least developed and emerging economies.
... Approximately 32 million fishers are involved in small-scale fishing worldwide, and 76 million individuals are employed in the post-harvest sector (Bennett et al., 2020). Thus, the effects of COVID-19 have generated attention worldwide and investigation on its impact on fisheries and aquaculture (Aura et al., 2020;Bennett et al., 2020;FAO, 2020a;FAO, 2020b;Kaewnuratchadasorn et al., 2020;Airam et al., 2021;Ferrer et al., 2021). One study about the effect of COVID-19 on small-scale fisheries and coastal fishing communities found that indiscriminate closure and social isolation on fishing operations probably indicates a trend of reducing the role of seafood in the food chain that predates COVID-19 (Bennett et al., 2020). ...
... Nevertheless, the high percentage of respondents from Vietnam is still lower than most regional fisheries advisory bodies reported as 91 % (FAO, 2020b). This situation was similar to the smallscale fisheries and recreational fisheries of the Canary Islands and five countries in Southeast Asia, namely Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines and Thailand, where fishing activities were either stopped or reduced, resulting in severe loss of fishing trips for many fishing fleets (Airam et al., 2021;FAO, 2021;Ferrer et al., 2021). Even in cases where fishing is considered an essential service, measures to control COVID-19 limited several small-scale fishers from fishing because of vessel size or to avoid trading in congested areas in local markets (Qandeel et al., 2020). ...
Vietnam’s capture fisheries play a significant role in the country’s socioeconomic development. However, COVID-19 has seriously impacted Vietnam’s coastal communities and marine fisheries. This study aimed to assess the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on Vietnam’s marine fisheries, recommend solutions to help fishers recover their operations and suggest long-term policies for similar pandemics in the future. A survey was conducted in 12 coastal provinces across Vietnam’s North, North Central, South Central and South West regions using mixed methods, including online questionnaires and group discussions via Google Meet from June to August 2021. The study involved 109 fishing vessel captains, fishers and owners who participated when social distancing in most coastal provinces was still enforced. The results showed that 87% of the fishers experienced negative to strongly negative impacts of COVID-19 on their fisheries activities. The most significant difficulties faced by fishers were accessing the fishing port and dealing with the logistics procedures of docking and departure, accounting for 77.1 %, 72.5 % and 76.1 %, respectively. The fishers also reported reduced seafood demand and price, and difficulties in seafood transportation. Most respondents expected the government to effectively support fisheries activities and facilitate seafood marketing during an ongoing pandemic. The results of this study are crucial in developing policy solutions to restore disrupted fish supply chains, enhancing online selling or e-commerce in fisheries marketing, and implementing timely subsidy policies to support Vietnam’s marine fisheries sectors during a pandemic.
... In countries and jurisdictions where recreational angling was allowed to continue in some form (but with some restrictions, such as social distancing; Paradis et al. 2021), initial angler surveys and licence sales often suggested increased participation rates (e.g. Guerra-Marrero et al. 2021;Midway et al. 2021), including first time anglers and anglers resuming after periods of inactivity (Howarth et al. 2021), and was likely related to recreational angling being considered a COVID-19 safe activity ('social fishtancing'; Midway et al. 2021). ...
The global COVID-19 pandemic resulted in many jurisdictions implementing orders restricting the movements of people to inhibit virus transmission, with recreational angling often either not permitted or access to fisheries and/or related infrastructure being prevented. Following the lifting of restrictions, initial angler surveys and licence sales suggested increased participation and effort, and altered angler demographics, but with evidence remaining limited. Here, we overcome this evidence gap by identifying temporal changes in angling interest, licence sales, and angling effort in world regions by comparing data in the ‘pre-pandemic’ (up to and including 2019); ‘acute pandemic’ (2020) and ‘COVID-acclimated’ (2021) periods. We then identified how changes can inform the development of more resilient and sustainable recreational fisheries. Interest in angling (measured here as angling-related internet search term volumes) increased substantially in all regions during 2020. Patterns in licence sales revealed marked increases in some countries during 2020 but not in others. Where licence sales increased, this was rarely sustained in 2021; where there were declines, these related to fewer tourist anglers due to movement restrictions. Data from most countries indicated a younger demographic of people who participated in angling in 2020, including in urban areas, but this was not sustained in 2021. These short-lived changes in recreational angling indicate efforts to retain younger anglers could increase overall participation levels, where efforts can target education in appropriate angling practices and create more urban angling opportunities. These efforts would then provide recreational fisheries with greater resilience to cope with future global crises, including facilitating the ability of people to access angling opportunities during periods of high societal stress.
... Access to parks and boat ramps were restricted and in some jurisdictions competitive fishing events were paused (Paradis et al., 2021). Fishing guide services/charter boats, angling related tourism (especially international travel or travel from urban to rural areas) and tackle store access were also limited (Guerra-Marrero et al., 2021;Paradis et al., 2021;Ryan et al., 2021). In a review of rules enacted that limited recreational fishing in North America, it was apparent that states/provinces were relatively inconsistent with the limitations that were imposed (Paradis et al., 2021). ...
The socio-cultural, economic, and environmental conditions of the world are changing rapidly and recreational fisheries will have to adapt to the uncertain future. Key research areas include assessing the sustainability of recreational fishing in response to climate change, ongoing biodiversity decline and changing social values. In this context, technological advances and digitalization can play a major role in advancing recreational fisheries. We evaluated the contributions of research that was presented at the 9th World Recreational Fishing Conference relative to 100 key research questions identified for recreational fisheries in 2020. Given that the 9th WRFC happened in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, we additionally synthesise impacts of COVID-19 on recreational fisheries. We found that the majority of contributions focused on resource monitoring and catch and release, while less attention was dedicated to governance, management-stock and habitat enhancement, and threats to sustainability. Rapid technological advances represent both a challenge (e.g., difficulty in management response), but also an opportunity for recreational fisheries (e.g., hyper connectivity of digital platforms for communication). Science is helping recreational fisheries to adapt and remain resilient to rapid social and environmental uncertainties, but this knowledge must be incorporated into governance structures and resource allocation strategies to ensure effective implementation.
... Fish marketing and price disruptions due to COVID-19 were widely reported across fisheries of all types and scales, affecting actors throughout fish value chains. Notable patterns of marketing disruption include inactivity or reduced fish marketing in tourism-dependent markets in the Canary Islands (Guerra-Marrero et al., 2021), and globalized export markets in diverse locations (Bassett et al., 2021;Grillo-Núñez et al., 2021;Sowman et al., 2021). ...
Introduction
The impact of COVID-19 on small-scale fishing communities is of great concern given the importance of aquatic foods in trade, nutrition and livelihoods. Using a case study of Lake Victoria, augmented by published literature, we examine the socioeconomic dynamics and severity of COVID-19 impacts on Kenyan fishing communities.
Methods
A household level questionnaire was administered through phone interviews on a monthly basis from June 2020 to May 2021, including a focus group discussion in July 2021.
Results
We find that multifold fear of COVID-19 infection and control measures were present and varied across case rates and stringency of control measures. Fishers and traders reported being affected by disease control measures that limited market access and their ability to fish overnight. In spite of these worries, and contrary to what has been reported in the published literature regarding impacts observed in the early months of the pandemic, we see stable participation in fishing and fish trading over time despite the pandemic. Food insecurity was high before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, but did not substantially shift with the pandemic.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that Kenyan fishing and fish trading households adopted diverse strategies to cope and balance generating income to provide for their families and staying safe. Our results underscore the need to understand ways in which acute pandemic impacts evolve over time given that effects are likely heterogeneous across small-scale fishing communities.
... In 2021 there was an expected shift in research and an explosion in publications of empirical analyses of the impact of COVID-19 on the tourism industry (Yang et al., 2020;Qiu et al., 2020;G€ ossling et al., 2021;Skare et al., 2021;Payne et al., 2022;Sharma et al., 2021;Sulc & Fuerst-Bjeli s, 2021;Cheng et al., 2022). However, research on the impacts of COVID-19 on island tourism remains limited (e.g., Arbul u et al., 2021a;Arbul u et al., 2021b;Miternique, 2021;Guerra-Marrero et al., 2021). ...
The COVID-19 pandemic, which marked the whole of 2020, caused numerous difficulties in the economies and the health systems of all countries and led to a global economic and health crisis. This paper explores citizens’ attitudes towards tourism on Croatian islands during the COVID-19 pandemic using survey data from over 200 islanders. The results reveal that almost one-third of the citizens considered the islands overcrowded with tourists in the pre-pandemic period. The survey results indicate a link between the expected impact of the development of tourism, citizens’ attitudes towards tourism, and their willingness to take a larger health risk due to the pandemic. The results also show that islanders’ attitudes toward economic measures taken during the COVID-19 pandemic were not homogenous and were significantly different depending on the size of the island.
... They revealed that the lack of demand is listed as the top challenge, and service businesses faced more serious demand problems compared to other sectors. Also, Guerra-Marrero et al. (2021) explained that the relationship between supply and demand has dropped, and it would become impossible to keep the service open during the COVID-19 pandemic. ...
Micro and small enterprises (MSEs) are important to the local economy and are the most crucial source of employment in Thailand. Using the three-round survey data, we assess the impact of COVID-19 on the survival probability of MSEs in the tourism and manufacturing sectors. Enterprise characteristics such as owner characteristics, employment and business strategies are examined as potential factors to mitigate or stimulate business failures. The Cox proportional hazards model and Kaplan–Meier estimator are employed. Our findings reveal that the survival probability paths from the three rounds of survey show a gradual decrease of survival probability from the first week of interview and approximately 50% of MSEs could not survive longer than 52 weeks during the COVID-19 pandemic. We also find that the survival of MSEs mainly depends on location, number of employees, and business model adjustment, namely operation with social distancing and online marketing. Particularly, retaining employees and not reducing the working hours are one of the key factors increasing the survivability of MSEs. However, the longer length of the crisis reduces the contribution of these key factors. The longer the period of the COVID-19 pandemic, the lower the chance of MSEs survivability.
... Despite a growing literature on the socio-economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on small island nations (Guerra-Marrero et al., 2021;Hakim, 2020;Rashid et al., 2020;United Nations [UN], 2021; World Economic Forum, 2020), our study is arguably the first attempt to document the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and consequent economic crisis on the labour market on the labour market in such a country context. 4 The study contributes to the literature on the impact of economic downturns on labour market outcomes (among others, Christiano et al., 2015;Hoynes et al., 2012) and the importance of short-time work, also known as short-time compensation schemes, to help firms and workers during the first phase of economic downturns. ...
Understanding the distributional impact of the COVID-19 crisis on the labour market and ultimately on the living standards of the population is key to designing adequate policy responses to shield individuals’ and families’ livelihoods. This article illustrates the impact of COVID-19 on the labour market as well as on living standards in the case of a small open economy: Mauritius. We present descriptive evidence based on a unique set of telephone household surveys, representative of the Mauritian population, conducted between May 2020 and March 2021. We find that women had a higher risk of losing their job and leaving the labour force, reversing a decade-long trend of increasing labour force participation. Low-skill workers in sectors that depend on global demand – and even more so if employed informally – together with women were more likely to be affected by the crisis. One in three households reported a loss in income since the start of the pandemic, and the probability of experiencing this shock increases with the number of household members who lost their job and who were employed informally. From a policy perspective, our findings underscore the negative distributional consequences of the pandemic and provide substantive evidence for the viability of a further proactive policy stance to shield the livelihoods of vulnerable households during the economic recovery phase.
JEL Codes: J21, J24, J33
... Namun, peristiwa datangnya COVID-19 menimbulkan krisis kesehatan global yang memaksa pemerintah mengambil langkah-langkah untuk menahan pandemic yang berarti pembatasan atau pembatasan pergerakan orang, serta kegiatan ekonomi dalam berbagai skala dan intensitas (Guerra-Marrero et al., 2021). Untuk mengendalikan dan mengatasi COVID-19, berbagai masyarakat protokol kesehatan digagas oleh berbagai negara, antara lain penggunaan masker, cuci tangan, social distancing, dan lockdown kota atau area lainnya. ...
The aim is to find out how the influence of small business loans, operational costs, the Jakarta Islamic index, and covid 19 on economic growth. The methodology used in this research is descriptive quantitative analysis. The data used were obtained from OJK and BPS. The findings of the test results show that the business credit variable has a high level of significance and the data used is normally distributed. Practical implications in this research can be used as a form of government benchmark to maintain economic stability. Originality in this study was carried out using a multiple linear analysis model by looking at the influence between variables. The results of the tests carried out resulted in all variables having a significant effect.
... The activities declared as essential, and which did not paralyze their activity during the confinement period, were classified within the sectors of food, health services, public transport, citizen security, care for vulnerable people and telecommunications (Real Decreto-ley 10/2020. Therefore, the fishing extractive industry was not subject to mandatory closure but, given the large marketing flow between this industry and the HORECA channel, the temporary closure of the hospitality industry affected the income of fishing companies (Guerra--Marrero et al., 2021). In addition, the change in household consumption habits towards processed products, drove the decline in prices in the sector (OECD, 2020). ...
Galicia is the most important fishing region in Spain. Nearly 50% of the volume of catches and of the national fishing fleet are concentrated in this region. During the Covid-19 pandemic, the fishing sector had the status of an essential sector and was not forced to stop its activity by the national Government. However, its economic performance has deteriorated in 2020. This article aims to analyze the impact of the pandemic on the extractive fishing sector in Galicia. For this purpose, the performance of the main economic and financial variables of the 246 companies that constitute this industry has been studied. The companies pertain to different extractive sectors (the national, offshore and large-scale fleets) and are in 9 different areas (Vigo, Pontevedra, Arousa, Muros, Fisterra, Costa da Morte, A Coruña-Ferrol, Cedeira and A Mariña). The results of the analysis show that the 9 fishing zones share a generalized negative trend but that there is heterogeneity in the results. Among the most determining factors are the predominant fleet extract, the target species caught, or the perception of public subsidies.
