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Duradens sp. 2 (HM171282; SMH4427). A. Ascomata. B. Asci. C. Ascus ring. D. Ascospore. Fig. 9. Linocarpon-like sp. 2 (HM171291; SMH1600). A. Ascomata. B. Ascus. C. Ascospore. Fig. 10. Linocarpon-like sp. 1 (HM171290; SMH3782). A. Ascomata. B. Ascus. C. Ascus ring. D. Ascospore appendage. E. Ascospores.
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Several taxa that share similar ascomatal and ascospore characters occur in monotypic or small genera throughout the Sordariomycetidae with uncertain relationships based on their morphology. Taxa in the genera Duradens, Leptosporella, Linocarpon, and Rimaconus share similar morphologies of conical ascomata, carbonised peridia and elongate ascospore...
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... of sequenced taxa are included for comparison of morphological characteristics: Caudatispora biapiculatis (Fig. 2), Erythromada lanciospora (Fig. 3), Lasiosphaeriella nitida (Fig. 4), L. noonae-daniae (Fig. 5), L. pseudobombarda (Fig. 6), Duradens sp. 1 (Fig. 7), Duradens sp. 2 (Fig. 8), Linocarpon-like sp. 2 ( Fig. 9), Linocarpon-like sp. 1 (Fig. 10), Leptosporella gregaria (Figs 11- 15) and Rimaconus jamaicensis (Fig. 16). A description of Lepto- sporella gregaria is included here because it was not provided previously Fig. ...
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... Some species of "Linocarpon" and "Neolinocarpon" are nested within the Thyridiales (Fig. 1). Linocarpon and Neolinocarpon sensu stricto belong to Linocarpaceae (Chaetosphaeriales) and are morphologically distinct from Thyridium in having filiform, straight or curved, unicellular, hyaline, or pale-yellowish ascospores (Huhndorf and Miller 2011;Konta et al. 2017). The "Linocarpon" and "Neolinocarpon" species phylogenetically unrelated to Linocarpon and Neolinocarpon sensu stricto may be new lineages in Thyridiaceae or belong to its own new undescribed family. ...
The genus Thyridium , previously known as a saprobic or hemibiotrophic ascomycete on various plants, was revised taxonomically and phylogenetically. Sequences of the following six regions, that is, the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, the large subunit (LSU) of rDNA, the second largest RNA polymerase II subunit ( rpb2 ) gene, translation elongation factor 1-alpha ( tef1 ) gene, the actin ( act ) gene, and the beta-tubulin ( tub2 ) gene, were generated for molecular phylogenetic analyses of species of this genus. Phialemoniopsis , a genus encompassing medically important species, is synonymised with Thyridium based on molecular evidence and morphological similarities in their asexual characters. The generic concept for Thyridium is expanded to include species possessing both coelomycetous and hyphomycetous complex asexual morphs. In addition to type species of Thyridium , T. vestitum , nine species were accepted in Thyridium upon morphological comparison and molecular phylogenetic analyses in this study. All seven species of Phialemoniopsis were treated as members of the genus Thyridium and new combinations were proposed. A bambusicolous fungus, Pleospora punctulata , was transferred to Thyridium , and an epitype is designated for this species. A new species, T. flavostromatum , was described from Phyllostachys pubescens . The family Phialemoniopsidaceae, proposed as a familial placement for Phialemoniopsis , was regarded as a synonym of Thyridiaceae. A new order, Thyridiales, was established to accommodate Thyridiaceae; it forms a well-supported, monophyletic clade in Sordariomycetes.
... Lumbsch and Huhndorf (2010) referred it in Sordariomycetidae genera incertae sedis. Subsequently, the genus was referred to the Chaetosphaeriales, based on phylogenetic analysis of LSU sequence data (Huhndorf and Miller 2011;Dai et al. 2016;Wijayawardene et al. 2020). At present, 15 epithets of Leptosporella are recorded in Index Fungorum (http://www.speciesfungorum.org/ ...
In this paper, Claviformispora gen. nov. in Linocarpaceae is introduced from Phyllostachys heteroclada in Sichuan Province, China. The new genus is characterised by its distinct morphological characters, such as ostiole with periphyses, asci with a thick doughnut-shaped, J- apical ring and clavate ascospore without septum-like band and appendage. Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference phylogenetic analyses, based on DNA sequence data from ITS, LSU, SSU and TEF-1α regions, provide further evidence that the fungus is a distinct genus within this family. The new genus is compared with similar genera, such as Linocarpon and Neolinocarpon . Descriptions, illustrations and notes are provided for the new taxon.
... Lumbsch and Huhndorf (2010) referred it in Sordariomycetidae genera incertae sedis. Subsequently, the genus was referred to the Chaetosphaeriales, based on phylogenetic analysis of LSU sequence data (Huhndorf and Miller 2011;Dai et al. 2016;Wijayawardene et al. 2020). At present, 15 epithets of Leptosporella are recorded in Index Fungorum (http://www.speciesfungorum.org/ ...
In this paper, Claviformispora gen. nov. in Linocarpaceae is introduced from Phyllostachys heteroclada in Sichuan Province, China. The new genus is characterised by its distinct morphological characters, such as ostiole with periphyses, asci with a thick doughnut-shaped, J- apical ring and clavate ascospore without septum-like band and appendage. Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference phylogenetic analyses, based on DNA sequence data from ITS, LSU, SSU and TEF-1α regions, provide further evidence that the fungus is a distinct genus within this family. The new genus is compared with similar genera, such as Linocarpon and Neolinocarpon . Descriptions, illustrations and notes are provided for the new taxon.
... Notes: Neoleptosporella is introduced for a taxon on Clematis subumbellata and is distinguishable from Leptosporella in having immersed ascomata which are partial carbonaceous at the apex, the lower part is coriaceous, subglobose to depressed globose, not flattened at the base and without the cover of a pseudoclypeus. The apical part of the asci is wedge-shaped, and J-, with fusiform, aseptate ascospore with acute ends (Huhndorf and Miller 2011;Dai et al. 2017;Konta et al. 2017;Hyde et al. 2020a). The strain forms a lineage with three strains that have uncertain placement in Chaetosphaeriales, but received low statistical support (less than 75% ML, Fig. 93). ...
The cosmopolitan plant genus Clematis contains many climbing species that can be found worldwide. The genus occurs in the wild and is grown commercially for horticulture. Microfungi on Clematis were collected from Belgium, China, Italy, Thailand and the UK. They are characterized by morphology and analyses of gene sequence data using an integrated species concept to validate identifications. The study revealed two new families, 12 new genera, 50 new species, 26 new host records with one dimorphic character report, and ten species are transferred to other genera. The new families revealed by multigene phylogeny are Longiostiolaceae and Pseudomassarinaceae in Pleosporales (Dothideomycetes). New genera are Anthodidymella (Didymellaceae), Anthosulcatispora and Parasulcatispora (Sulcatisporaceae), Fusiformispora (Amniculicolaceae), Longispora (Phaeosphaeriaceae), Neobyssosphaeria (Melanommataceae), Neoleptosporella (Chaetosphaeriales, genera incertae sedis), Neostictis (Stictidaceae), Pseudohelminthosporium (Neomassarinaceae), Pseudomassarina (Pseudomassarinaceae), Sclerenchymomyces (Leptosphaeriaceae) and Xenoplectosphaerella (Plectosphaerellaceae). The newly described species are Alloleptosphaeria clematidis, Anthodidymella ranunculacearum, Anthosulcatispora subglobosa, Aquadictyospora clematidis, Brunneofusispora clematidis, Chaetosphaeronema clematidicola, C. clematidis, Chromolaenicola clematidis, Diaporthe clematidina, Dictyocheirospora clematidis, Distoseptispora clematidis, Floricola clematidis, Fusiformispora clematidis, Hermatomyces clematidis, Leptospora clematidis, Longispora clematidis, Massariosphaeria clematidis, Melomastia clematidis, M. fulvicomae, Neobyssosphaeria clematidis, Neoleptosporella clematidis, Neoroussoella clematidis, N. fulvicomae, Neostictis nigricans, Neovaginatispora clematidis, Parasulcatispora clematidis, Parathyridaria clematidis, P. serratifoliae, P. virginianae, Periconia verrucose, Phomatospora uniseriata, Pleopunctum clematidis, Pseudocapulatispora clematidis, Pseudocoleophoma clematidis, Pseudohelminthosporium clematidis, Pseudolophiostoma chiangraiense, P. clematidis, Pseudomassarina clematidis, Ramusculicola clematidis, Sarocladium clematidis, Sclerenchymomyces clematidis, Sigarispora clematidicola, S. clematidis, S. montanae, Sordaria clematidis, Stemphylium clematidis, Wojnowiciella clematidis, Xenodidymella clematidis, Xenomassariosphaeria clematidis and Xenoplectosphaerella clematidis. The following fungi are recorded on Clematis species for the first time: Angustimassarina rosarum, Dendryphion europaeum, Dermatiopleospora mariae, Diaporthe ravennica, D. rudis, Dichotomopilus ramosissimum, Dictyocheirospora xishuangbannaensis, Didymosphaeria rubi-ulmifolii, Fitzroyomyces cyperacearum, Fusarium celtidicola, Leptospora thailandica, Memnoniella oblongispora, Neodidymelliopsis longicolla, Neoeutypella baoshanensis, Neoroussoella heveae, Nigrograna chromolaenae, N. obliqua, Pestalotiopsis verruculosa, Pseudoberkleasmium chiangmaiense, Pseudoophiobolus rosae, Pseudoroussoella chromolaenae, P. elaeicola, Ramusculicola thailandica, Stemphylium vesicarium and Torula chromolaenae. The new combinations are Anthodidymella clematidis (≡ Didymella clematidis), A. vitalbina (≡ Didymella vitalbina), Anthosulcatispora brunnea (≡ Neobambusicola brunnea), Fuscohypha kunmingensis (≡ Plectosphaerella kunmingensis), Magnibotryascoma rubriostiolata (≡ Teichospora rubriostiolata), Pararoussoella mangrovei (≡ Roussoella mangrovei), Pseudoneoconiothyrium euonymi (≡ Roussoella euonymi), Sclerenchymomyces jonesii (≡ Neoleptosphaeria jonesii), Stemphylium rosae (≡ Pleospora rosae), and S. rosae-caninae (≡ Pleospora rosae-caninae). The microfungi on Clematis is distributed in several classes of Ascomycota. The analyses are based on morphological examination of specimens, coupled with phylogenetic sequence data. To the best of our knowledge, the consolidated species concept approach is recommended in validating species.
... Ostiole periphysate. Peridium 32-40 μm wide, two regions: outer region 21-30 μm wide, comprising unevenly thickened hyaline to brownish yellow cells of textura globosa, becoming larger towards the periphery, most cells containing a vacuole; inner region 10-16 μm sis) appear to have a distant relationship from other certain families in Chaetosphaeriales (Huhndorf and Fernández 1999;Huhndorf and Miller 2011;Yang et al. 2018b;Hyde et al. 2019a;Phukhamsakda et al. in prep.). However, the statistical value is not support for the segregation of independent families and thus are placed in Chaetosphaeriales genera incertae sedis (Fig. 141). ...
Fungal diversity notes is one of the important journal series of fungal taxonomy that provide detailed descriptions and illustrations of new fungal taxa, as well as providing new information of fungal taxa worldwide. This article is the 11th contribution to the fungal diversity notes series, in which 126 taxa distributed in two phyla, six classes, 24 orders and 55 families are described and illustrated. Taxa in this study were mainly collected from Italy by Erio Camporesi and also collected from China, India and Thailand, as well as in some other European, North American and South American countries. Taxa described in the present study include two new families, 12 new genera, 82 new species, five new combinations and 25 new records on new hosts and new geographical distributions as well as sexual-asexual reports. The two new families are Eriomycetaceae (Dothideomycetes, family incertae sedis) and Fasciatisporaceae (Xylariales, Sordariomycetes). The twelve new genera comprise Bhagirathimyces (Phaeosphaeriaceae), Camporesiomyces (Tubeufiaceae), Eriocamporesia (Cryphonectriaceae), Eriomyces (Eriomycetaceae), Neomonodictys (Pleurotheciaceae), Paraloratospora (Phaeosphaeriaceae), Paramonodictys (Parabambusicolaceae), Pseudoconlarium (Diaporthomycetidae, genus incertae sedis), Pseudomurilentithecium (Lentitheciaceae), Setoapiospora (Muyocopronaceae), Srinivasanomyces (Vibrisseaceae) and Xenoanthostomella (Xylariales, genera incertae sedis). The 82 new species comprise Acremonium chiangraiense, Adustochaete nivea, Angustimassarina camporesii, Bhagirathimyces himalayensis, Brunneoclavispora camporesii, Camarosporidiella camporesii, Camporesiomyces mali, Camposporium appendiculatum, Camposporium multiseptatum, Camposporium septatum, Canalisporium aquaticium, Clonostachys eriocamporesiana, Clonostachys eriocamporesii, Colletotrichum hederiicola, Coniochaeta vineae, Conioscypha verrucosa, Cortinarius ainsworthii, Cortinarius aurae, Cortinarius britannicus, Cortinarius heatherae, Cortinarius scoticus, Cortinarius subsaniosus, Cytospora fusispora, Cytospora rosigena, Diaporthe camporesii, Diaporthe nigra, Diatrypella yunnanensis, Dictyosporium muriformis, Didymella camporesii, Diutina bernali, Diutina sipiczkii, Eriocamporesia aurantia, Eriomyces heveae, Ernakulamia tanakae, Falciformispora uttaraditensis, Fasciatispora cocoes, Foliophoma camporesii, Fuscostagonospora camporesii, Helvella subtinta, Kalmusia erioi, Keissleriella camporesiana, Keissleriella camporesii, Lanspora cylindrospora, Loratospora arezzoensis, Mariannaea atlantica, Melanographium phoenicis, Montagnula camporesii, Neodidymelliopsis camporesii, Neokalmusia kunmingensis, Neoleptosporella camporesiana, Neomonodictys muriformis, Neomyrmecridium guizhouense, Neosetophoma camporesii, Paraloratospora camporesii, Paramonodictys solitarius, Periconia palmicola, Plenodomus triseptatus, Pseudocamarosporium camporesii, Pseudocercospora maetaengensis, Pseudochaetosphaeronema kunmingense, Pseudoconlarium punctiforme, Pseudodactylaria camporesiana, Pseudomurilentithecium camporesii, Pseudotetraploa rajmachiensis, Pseudotruncatella camporesii, Rhexocercosporidium senecionis, Rhytidhysteron camporesii, Rhytidhysteron erioi, Septoriella camporesii, Setoapiospora thailandica, Srinivasanomyces kangrensis, Tetraploa dwibahubeeja, Tetraploa pseudoaristata, Tetraploa thrayabahubeeja, Torula camporesii, Tremateia camporesii, Tremateia lamiacearum, Uzbekistanica pruni, Verruconis mangrovei, Wilcoxina verruculosa, Xenoanthostomella chromolaenae and Xenodidymella camporesii. The five new combinations are Camporesiomyces patagoniensis, Camporesiomyces vaccinia, Camposporium lycopodiellae, Paraloratospora gahniae and Rhexocercosporidium microsporum. The 22 new records on host and geographical distribution comprise Arthrinium marii, Ascochyta medicaginicola, Ascochyta pisi, Astrocystis bambusicola, Camposporium pellucidum, Dendryphiella phitsanulokensis, Diaporthe foeniculina, Didymella macrostoma, Diplodia mutila, Diplodia seriata, Heterosphaeria patella, Hysterobrevium constrictum, Neodidymelliopsis ranunculi, Neovaginatispora fuckelii, Nothophoma quercina, Occultibambusa bambusae, Phaeosphaeria chinensis, Pseudopestalotiopsis theae, Pyxine berteriana, Tetraploa sasicola, Torula gaodangensis and Wojnowiciella dactylidis. In addition, the sexual morphs of Dissoconium eucalypti and Phaeosphaeriopsis pseudoagavacearum are reported from Laurus nobilis and Yucca gloriosa in Italy, respectively. The holomorph of Diaporthe cynaroidis is also reported for the first time.
... As our sequences (Appendix C) showed closest matches with representatives of the classes Eurotiomycetes (particularly in the subclasses Chaetothyriomycetidae), Dothideomycetes, Leotiomycetes and Sordariomycetes, we prepared four different datasets representing each fungal group. The here newly obtained sequences were added to the datasets previously constructed by Muggia et al. [9], which were carefully selected on the base of previous phylogenetic analyses considering the aforementioned classes [56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67]. Each dataset represents the widest possible spectrum of taxon diversity, including at least three representative taxa for each different family or order of the four classes (Appendix B). ...
Microscopic and molecular studies suggest that lichen symbioses contain a plethora of associated fungi. These are potential producers of novel bioactive compounds, but strains isolated on standard media usually represent only a minor subset of these fungi. By using various in vitro growth conditions we are able to modulate and extend the fraction of culturable lichen-associated fungi. We observed that the presence of iron, glucose, magnesium and potassium in growth media is essential for the successful isolation of members from different taxonomic groups. According to sequence data, most isolates besides the lichen mycobionts belong to the classes Dothideomycetes and Eurotiomycetes. With our approach we can further explore the hidden fungal diversity in lichens to assist in the search of novel compounds.
... Lumbsch and Huhndorf (2010) placed Leptosporella in Sordariomycetidae, genera incertae sedis. Huhndorf and Miller (2011) re-examined the holotype of L. gregaria and collected fresh specimens. Based on LSU sequence data, Huhndorf and Miller (2011) moved Leptosporella into Chaetosphaeriales. ...
... Huhndorf and Miller (2011) re-examined the holotype of L. gregaria and collected fresh specimens. Based on LSU sequence data, Huhndorf and Miller (2011) moved Leptosporella into Chaetosphaeriales. However, the family placement o f L e p t o s p o re l l a i s s t i l l n o t y e t d e t e r m i n e d . ...
... Leptosporella bambusae D.Q. Dai 1909;Spegazzini 1912;Sydow 1938;Chardón 1939;Hansford 1957;Huhndorf and Miller 2011) and occasionally on ferns and Rosa sp. (Edward et al. 1972;Index Fungorum 2016). ...
Fourty-three species of microfungi from bamboo are treated, including one new family, Occultibambusaceae, three new genera, Neoanthostomella, Occultibambusa and Seriascoma, 27 new species, one renamed species and 15 re-described or re-illustrated species, and four designated reference specimens are treated in this paper, the majority of which are saprobic on dead culms. To determine species identification, separate phylogenetical analyses for each group are carried out, based on molecular data from this study and sequences downloaded from GenBank. Morphologically similar species and phylogenetically close taxa are compared and discussed. In addition a list of bambusicolous fungi published since Hyde and colleagues in 2002 is provided.
... We based our selection also on previous phylogenetic analyses which considered the aforementioned classes (e.g. Zhang et al. 2006;Wang et al. 2006;Gueidan et al. 2008Gueidan et al. , 2011Ruibal et al. 2009;Schoch et al. 2009;Huhndorf and Miller 2011;Untereiner et al. 2011;Muggia et al. 2013;Hyde et al. 2013;Maharachchikumbura et al. 2015;Suija et al. 2015, ). The datasets of Eurotiomycetes and Dothideomycetes were prepared in summer 2014 whereas those of Leotiomycetes and Sordariomycetes in January 2015. ...
Fungi other than the lichen mycobiont frequently co-occur within lichen thalli and on the same rock in harsh environments. In these situations dark-pigmented mycelial structures are commonly observed on lichen thalli, where they persist under the same stressful conditions as their hosts. Here we used a comprehensive sampling of lichen-associated fungi from an alpine habitat to assess their phylogenetic relationships with fungi previously known from other niches. The multilocus phylogenetic analyses suggest that most of the 248 isolates belong to the Chaetothyriomycetes and Dothideomycetes, while a minor fraction represents Sordariomycetes and Leotiomycetes. As many lichens also were infected by phenotypically distinct lichenicolous fungi of diverse lineages, it remains difficult to assess whether the culture isolates represent these fungi or are from additional cryptic, extremotolerant fungi within the thalli. Some of these strains represent yet undescribed lineages within Chaethothyriomycetes and Dothideomycetes, whereas other strains belong to genera of fungi, that are known as lichen colonizers, plant and human pathogens, rock-inhabiting fungi, parasites and saprotrophs. The symbiotic structures of the lichen thalli appear to be a shared habitat of phylogenetically diverse stress-tolerant fungi, which potentially benefit from the lichen niche in otherwise hostile habitats.
Electronic supplementary material
The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13225-015-0343-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
... The genus presently includes five species (Index Fungorum 2015). Sequence data is available for three species which show the genus to cluster as a group in Chaetosphaeriales (Huhndorf and Miller 2011). This genus, from Swaziland, on bark of Galpinia transvaalica, was introduced and typified by Latruncellus aurorae M. Verm. ...
... & Sacc., Malpighia 11(9-10): 406 (1897) Leptosporella gregaria Penz. & Sacc., the generic type, clusters in a well-supported group in Chaetosphaeriales (Huhndorf and Miller 2011). ...
... 31(3): 422 (1977) A study conducted by Stadler et al. (2010) showed that the genus Ropalostroma, exclusively reported from the palaeotropics, was closely related to the daldinoid Xylariaceae and the two predominantly neotropical genera Phylacia and Thamnomyces. The study included the use of microscopic methods, secondary metabolite profiling and ITS nrDNA sequences of cultures obtained from fresh material collections of the species R. angolense Phylogenetic study (Huhndorf and Miller 2011) placed Rimaconus in a group close to Helminthosporiaceae and in our analysis (Fig. 2) the genus forms a separate clade close to Cephalothecaceae, Chaetosphaeriales and Meliolales. Currently Rimaconus is placed in Chaetosphaeriales genera incertae sedis. ...
Sordariomycetesis one of the largest classes of Ascomycota
and is characterised by perithecial ascomata and inoperculate
unitunicate asci. The class includes many important plant
pathogens, as well as endophytes, saprobes, epiphytes, and
fungicolous, lichenized or lichenicolous taxa. The class includes freshwater, marine and terrestrial taxa and has a
worldwide distribution. This paper provides an updated outline of theSordariomycetesand a backbone tree incorporating
asexual and sexual genera in the class. Based on phylogeny
and morphology we introduced three subclasses;
Diaporthomycetidae, Lulworthiomycetidaeand
Meliolomycetidaeand five orders;Amplistromatales,
Annulatascales, Falcocladiales, Jobellisiales and Togniniales. The outline is based on literature to the end of
2014 and the backbone tree published in this paper. Notes for
397 taxa with information, such as new family and genera
novelties, novel molecular data published since the Outline
of Ascomycota 2009, and new links between sexual and asexual genera and thus synonymies, are provided. The Sordariomycetes now comprises six subclasses, 28 orders,
90 families and 1344 genera. In addition a list of 829 genera
with uncertain placement in Sordariomycetesis also provided.
... nih.gov) sequences representing various members of Sordariomycetes. A representative of Xylariomycetidae (Eutypa sp.) was used as an outgroup based on results from previous phylogenetic analyses (Huhndorf and Miller 2011;Zhang et al. 2006). We compiled a combined data set with 117 LSU nrDNA sequences and 71 ß-tubulin sequences. ...
The phylogenetic relationships of Lasiosphaeriaceae are complicated in that the family is paraphyletic and includes Sordariaceae and Chaetomiaceae, as well as several polyphyletic genera. This study focuses on the phylogenetic relationships of the coprophilous genera, Anopodium, Apodospora, Arnium, Fimetariella and Zygospermella. They are traditionally circumscribed based on ascospore characters, which have proven homoplasious in other genera within the family. Our results based on LSU nrDNA and ß–tubulin sequences distinguish four lineages of Lasiosphaeriaceae taxa. Anopodium joins the clade of mor- phologically similar, yellow-pigmented species of Cercophora and Lasiosphaeria. Apodospora is monophyletic and joins a larger group of taxa with unclear affinities to each other, while Arnium is polyphyletic being scattered throughout three of the four major clades of Lasiosphaeriaceae. Fimitariella is represented by a single collection and joins the clade containing Cercophora scortea and Podospora appendiculata. Zygospermella shows affinities to the Lasiosphaeris clade. Based on a combination of morpholog- ical and molecular data, Echria stat. nov. is recognized at the genus level for the former Arnium section and two new combinations are proposed: E. gigantospora and E. macrotheca.
