Downstream trends analysis of differentially expressed genes in hASCs post microbial challenge. The IPA regulation z-score algorithm was used to identify biological functions expected to increase or decrease based on the gene expression changes described in our dataset. Predictions base on p-value and z-score; positive z-score implies an increase in the predicted function, a negative z-score a decrease (z-score ≥ 2 or ≤ −2 represented by black dotted lines). p-values ≤0.05 (orange dots determined by Fischer’s exact test), illustrate a significant association between a given biological function and genes differentially expressed in our dataset (p-value ≤0.05). p-values are presented as log-transformed. Shapes associated with each gene name and broad category indicate the general classification of the gene product, enzyme, growth factor, etc.