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Distribution of working time and personal life of the employed population in Lithuania (according to the data of the empirical research time diaries)
Source publication
The article deals with the acute phenomenon in the 21st century – the distribution of time for work and personal life. Employed people in the modern society are most frequently faced with problems of work-life conflict. For this reason, this article primarily focuses on determination of optimal time allocation for work and personal life. First, thi...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... data on the time distribution of employed population. Reviewing time allocation data of the employed Lithuanians in 2017, it was found that on average 75.3 percent of employed persons spend time on private life, and 24.7 percent of time to work (see Figure 1). Note: leisure is analyzed here in the narrow sense. ...
Context 2
... the area of personal life employed people, relatively the most time spend on sleep (08:04 hrs.), leisure time (in the narrow sense, 3:48 hrs.) and other physiological needs (e.g., eating, personal hygiene, etc., 02:54 hrs.; see Figure 1). The least amount of time in a day is allocated to other activities (00:04 hrs.) and travel (to work, home, etc., at 00:49 hrs. ...
Context 3
... optimal time distribution with the actual data of employed Lithuanians from 2017, it can be concluded that Lithuanians do not optimally allocate time for work and personal life (see Figures 1 and 2). Based on the realized mathematical model, it is advisable for the employed people to reduce the time allocated for other physiological needs to (02:07 hrs.), for study to (00:16 hrs.), for leisure (in the narrow sense, 02:45 hrs.), for travel (00:42 hrs.), another activities (00:04 hrs.), and increase the time spent sleeping (at 00:56 hrs.), work (01:05 hrs.), house work and childcare (03:57 hrs.). ...
Context 4
... comparing the optimal time allocation, when the desired net monthly wage falls within the range [617; 874] euros, based on 2017 time allocation results, it is recommended to reduce the time allocated to other physiological needs (02:07 hrs.), to study (00:16 hrs.), to leisure time (in the narrow sense, 02:45 hrs.), to travel (00:42 hrs.), to other activities (00:04 hrs.) and to sleep (00:24 hrs., see Figures 1 and 3). It is also necessary to increase the time allocated not only for house work and childcare (03:57 hrs.) but also for the time spent on work (02:15 hrs.). ...
Citations
... As the authors of Lydeka & Tauraite (2018) found out, Alesina et al. (2006), Caragea (2009), Aguiar & Hurst (2007), Krueger & Mueller (2012), Fortin et al. (2010), Hamermesh & Stancanelli (2015), Jankiewicz (2015), Colella & Van Soest (2013), Sappleton & Lourenco (2016), Ryu (2016) etc. investigate object of time use for personal life and work in different aspects. Yaniv (2011), Ratzel (2009) and other researchers highlight the lack of papers about allocation of time at two main points: at empirical and theoretical levels in the economic context. ...
... Researcher points out that the daytime should be divided into these parts: (1) biological needs (e.g., sleep; personal care, etc.); (2) work (i.e., paid labour market); (3) productive activities (e.g., housework; childcare; learning, etc.); (4) leisure activities (e.g., entertainment; recreation, etc.). A more detailed analysis of leisure time was conducted by Lydeka & Tauraite (2018). So, the literature review of leisure time shows that there is still a wide spectrum of the leisure time definitions. ...
... In other words, an employed person seeks to choose the best possible time allocation combination between time for leisure (personal life) time and time for work. This basic principle of the model is also emphasized by Lydeka & Tauraite (2018). ...
In this paper, researchers examine the allocation of time for personal life and work. In fact, this phenomenon is particularly relevant in the 21st century because employed people are most commonly faced with many issues related with work-life conflict or work-life imbalance. This kind of problem can occur for both men and women, yet it is noteworthy that the time use features can naturally differ between both sexes: women and men. For this reason, focus of this study lies on the evaluation of work-life balance between employed Lithuanian men and employed Lithuanian women. Firstly, this article analyses the theoretical background of time allocation for personal life and work. Secondly, the methodology of empirical research is presented and substantiated. Although the research was conducted in Lithuania, the methodology can be applied in another country than refer to a nationality. The results of the empirical study have shown that there are some differences in time use between both sexes: women and men. Men spend relatively more time on sleep, other physiological needs (eating; personal hygiene etc.), science / studies, leisure (in the narrow sense), and traveling than women do. On the other hand, women spend relatively more time on paid work, housework and child care, and other activities of life. It should be emphasized that a significant difference in leisure time (in the narrow sense) use between men and women has been identified. This gives the opportunity to predicate that men spend more time in leisure (in the narrow sense) than women do.
