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Distribution of Type of Sponsors by Alliance

Distribution of Type of Sponsors by Alliance

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Citations

... Group strength may have both first-order and second-order effects, e.g., stronger groups form more conflict ties, and they are especially attractive opponents for equally matched or weaker groups. Existing studies find support for the proposition that geographical location, territorial control and foreign sponsorship affect absolute and relative power of groups during war (Buhaug, Gates, and Lujala, 2009;de la Calle and Sánchez-Cuenca, 2015;Popovic, 2018). ...
Preprint
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p>Existing scholarship ignores relational interdependencies when attempting to understand the behaviour of non-state armed groups during civil war. This paper investigates the in- terconnected web of alliances and rivalries in the Yemen Civil War to answer the following question: why do armed groups fight each other? We employ a network approach to investigate determinants of intergroup violence. This emphasises the role of identity, arguing that operating in salient cleavages necessitates that groups align or distinguish themselves from each other. We further argue that informal cooperation incentivises violence the longer the war continues. These arguments are tested using pooled Exponential Random Graph Models to account for endogenous structures over time. Results indicate that shared identity is a significant driver of hostilities, moderating cooperation and amplifying the effects of group attributes. Robustness checks and simulations demonstrate that network models more accurately capture the underlying mechanisms to predict fighting in this case.</p
... Group strength may have both first-order and second-order effects, e.g., stronger groups form more conflict ties, and they are especially attractive opponents for equally matched or weaker groups. Existing studies find support for the proposition that geographical location, territorial control and foreign sponsorship affect absolute and relative power of groups during war (Buhaug, Gates, and Lujala, 2009;de la Calle and Sánchez-Cuenca, 2015;Popovic, 2018). ...
Preprint
Full-text available
p>Existing scholarship ignores relational interdependencies when attempting to understand the behaviour of non-state armed groups during civil war. This paper investigates the in- terconnected web of alliances and rivalries in the Yemen Civil War to answer the following question: why do armed groups fight each other? We employ a network approach to investigate determinants of intergroup violence. This emphasises the role of identity, arguing that operating in salient cleavages necessitates that groups align or distinguish themselves from each other. We further argue that informal cooperation incentivises violence the longer the war continues. These arguments are tested using pooled Exponential Random Graph Models to account for endogenous structures over time. Results indicate that shared identity is a significant driver of hostilities, moderating cooperation and amplifying the effects of group attributes. Robustness checks and simulations demonstrate that network models more accurately capture the underlying mechanisms to predict fighting in this case.</p
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The literature on delegated rebellion has treated principals (external states) and their agents (rebel groups) as the main factors in the inception of rebellion. Intriguingly, no attention has been paid to subnational elites as a separate, third actor. This article takes a novel perspective on delegated rebellion by ascribing agency to subnational elites. It introduces the theoretical concept of strategic entrapment, which shows that even subnational elites unwilling to follow the path of rebel violence may be trapped between the incipient rebel groups and a principal. As a result, subnational elites are sidelined and replaced by the principal’s rebel proxies.
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