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Distribution of Philodendron rhodospermum. The Northern point is situated in municipality of Governador Lindenberg and the Southern point in municipality of Santa Teresa. Delimitation of high priority conservation area according to Portaria MMA No. 09, 23 January 2007.
Source publication
This paper describes and illustrates a new Philodendron subgenus Pteromischum species from Espírito Santo State, in Southeastern Brazil, including information on its conservation in a high priority area for conservation of the Atlantic Forest. The work also includes a key to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest species of the subgenus.
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... and habitat:-Known only from two localities in the Espírito Santo State, Atlantic Forest; 600-850 m elevation. Almost all collections are from REBIO Augusto Ruschi, municipality of Santa Teresa, where the species is common and can be easily found on the edge of the trails. Until now, only one collection outside this area is known, at Pedra de Santa Luzia, municipality of Governador Lindenberg, ca. 70 km distant from Santa Teresa. Both localities are situated in an extension of the Serra da Mantiqueira, suggesting a possible broader area of occurrence along this mountain region. Conservation:-Collections made so far are located in remnants of Atlantic Forest (Figure 3). The fragment at Santa Teresa, in the southern part of Espírito Santo State, is extensive and includes a Federal Conservation Unit (REBIO Augusto Ruschi), which ensures some protection for the species. Moreover, there are contiguous protected fragments in the region, such as the Parque Natural Municipal de São ...
Context 2
... fragment located at Governador Lindenberg is extremely small and is located outside the conservation area, however it is in an area of high priority for conservation, according to Brazilian federal law (Brasil 2007) (Figure 3). Furthermore, according to the laws of Espírito Santo State (Brasil 2011), this fragment is also inserted in a priority area for conservation of Atlantic Forest named Marilândia, which is important for harbouring threatened and endemic species as well as possible taxa new to science. It also consists of a large area of unprotected fragments that contribute to the connectivity of other priority areas for conservation. Official guidelines for the area include biological inventories of fauna and flora, diagnosis of forest fragments and the creation of new protected areas. The presence of this new Philodendron in the area highlights the importance and urgency of these conservation actions in the ...
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Citations
... Subgenus Meconostigma comprises 21 mostly terrestrial species distributed in Amazonia, the Cerrado, and the Mata Atlântica (Mayo, 1988;1991;Calazans et al., 2014). Subgenus Pteromischum includes 82 species of vines distributed mostly in Central America, the Chocó ecoregion, and Amazonia (Grayum, 1996;Croat, 1997;Calazans & Sakuragui, 2013;Barbosa & Sakuragui, 2014, Canal et al., 2018. With ;460 accepted species and an estimated number of . ...
The origin of Neotropical species diversity is strongly associated with the geological history of South America. Since the Miocene, a number of species radiations across different Neotropical lineages coincided with the rise of the Andes and the formation of the Isthmus of Panama. The species-rich genus Philodendron Schott (Araceae) is widely distributed across Neotropical rainforests, originating in the Late Oligocene and diversifying more intensely from the Miocene onward. It is likely that its diversification process and distribution patterns are associated with recent geological changes in the Americas. To test this hypothesis, we sampled the species diversity of Philodendron across its entire geographic range and used a combination of three non-coding plastid regions (petD, rpl16, and trnK/matK) to obtain a comprehensive time-calibrated phylogeny. We then inferred geographic range evolution and explored the impact of the Andean orogeny on speciation, extinction, and dispersal. The genus Philodendron originated ~29 million years ago (mya) and experienced the earliest diversification events ~25 mya in the Pan-Amazonian rainforests. From the Middle Miocene onward, multiple geographic range expansion events occurred from Amazonia to southeast Brazil and to the area which would become the Chocó and the northern Andes. From the Pliocene onward, Philodendron reached Central America and the Caribbean islands, and Andean lineages recolonized and diversified in Amazonia. In Philodendron, higher diversification rates are found in the adjacent lowland rainforests of the northern Andes compared with other regions in the Neotropics, demonstrating a potential indirect impact of the Andean uplift on species radiations in lowland regions.
... Estudos taxonômicos e floras do grupo vêm sendo realizados no Brasil nas últimas décadas, resultando na descoberta de novas espécies (Sakuragui & Mayo 1997;Coelho 1998;Gonçalves 2000;Sakuragui 2001aSakuragui , 2001bSakuragui , 2007Sakuragui et al. 2005Sakuragui et al. , 2012Coelho & Sakuragui 2007;Calazans & Sakuragui 2013;Gonçalves & Arruda 2013;Buturi et al. 2014Buturi et al. , 2015Calazans et al. 2015). ...
This work presents the flora of the genus Philodendron (Araceae) in the Paraná state, Brazil. Thirteen species were recorded, two of which are new: P. appendiculatum, P. bipinnatifidum, P. camposportoanum, P. corcovadense, P. crassinervium, P. eximium, P. loefgrenii, P. meridionale, P. missionum, P. obliquifolium, P. propinquum, P. rheophyticum and P. roseopetiolatum. The Philodendron species were found in the three main formations of Atlantic forest in the Paraná state: five species in the Seasonal Semideciduous Forest, seven species in the Araucaria Forest and in the Ombrophilous Dense Forest, which recorded the major representativeness, 11 species were recorded. Moreover, Ombrophilous Dense Forest showed a high endemism, with four exclusive species to this formation. Three species were considered critically endangered in the Paraná state: P. camposportoanum, P. eximium and P. roseopetiolatum. We present an identification key, photos, and illustrations of the diagnostic characters and taxonomic comments for each species.
... These numbers are being constantly increased by the recognition of new species, especially from Southeastern Brazil (e.g. Buturi et al. 2014, Calazans and Sakuragui 2013, Coelho 2010, Gonçalves 2011. ...
Philodendron is the second largest genus of Araceae, being highly diverse in the Atlantic Forest biome, with nearly one third of the Brazilian species occurring in Southern Brazil, particularly in Rio de Janeiro state. During a local inventory in Silva Jardim municipality, we found a peculiar population of Philodendron growing in lowland rainforest.
After morphological analysis and comparisons with similar species, the population proved to be a new undescribed species of subgenus Philodendron section Macrobelium.
The new species, named Philodendron luisae, is here described, illustrated and compared to morphologically close species.
The state of Espírito Santo is located in Southeastern Brazil and occupies 45,597 km2 within the Atlantic Forest domain. The flora of the state is still in progress, and families such as the Araceae represent groups that have not yet been representatively sampled. Sampling efforts in the Southern areas of the state revealed the existence of a new species of Anthurium, related to A. cleistanthum, A. truncatum and A. molle. Here, we describe and illustrate this species and present a comparative analysis with the most similar species. To date, the species is known only from the type locality, occurring in forests that cover limestone outcrops.
Philodendron subg. Pteromischum is one of the three Philodendron subgenera and most diverse within Amazonia. It can be recognised by anisophyllous sympodial growth, long sheaths, short petiole, gynoecia with broad shallow compitum, and numerous ovules per locule. The taxonomic revision for Brazilian extra-Amazonian species was based on the analysis of 590 herbaria specimens. Nine Brazilian extra-Amazonian Pteromischum species were recognized, five names previously recognised for the studied area were treated as synonyms. All the species were described and mapped. An identification key and comments on taxonomy, nomenclature, conservation, phenology were provided for each species. The concepts of leaf-sheath and petiole are also clarified.
