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Due to the technological progress, new approaches such as model-based design are spreading in the development process in the automotive industry to meet the increased requirements related to lower fuel consumption and reduced emission. This work is part of a research project which focuses on dynamic modeling of vehicles aimed at analyzing and optim...
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In fuel economy, a rising level of interest in heavy duty diesel engines that industry has witnessed over the last few years continues to go up and this is not likely to change. Lowering the fuel consumption of all internal combustion engines remains a priority for years to come, driven by economic, legislative, and environmental reasons. According...
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... For the simulation, we used a WLTP (Worldwide Harmonized Light-Duty Vehicles Test Procedure) driving cycle, which better represents real traffic conditions. For comparative simulations, the NEDC (New European Driving Cycle) or a self-made drive cycle can also be suitable; however, when testing the model, we found that several large accelerations and decelerations highlighted differences [39]. The NEDC was introduced by the European Union on 1 July 1992, and it is no longer sufficiently up to date for a representative mapping of individual daily car use. ...
The following article presents the longitudinal modeling and simulation of a generic electric vehicle. The purpose of the research is to describe the applied modeling procedures and their MATLAB solutions. Furthermore, the goal is to demonstrate how to build a framework for a MATLAB R2024b Simulink and Simscape model that facilitates future optimization and ensures modularity, thereby facilitating collaboration among different research groups. After presenting the applied vehicle dynamics model and the created framework, some additional application examples are presented for which the method has already been tested.
... The model includes the vehicle body, a Mercedes-Benz OM 936 -EURO 6 internal combustion diesel engine, a ZF EcoLife AP 6 + R automatic transmission, transmission, wheels and their control and regulation. The simulation was tested on the driving cycle of the bus, which was prepared by the staff of the research team responsible for measuring and creating the driving cycle using the method they have already published [4], [5]. Figure 5 shows the change in speed and cumulative fuel consumption over time. ...
The goal of the research presented in this article is to create a vehicle dynamics model, with which can simulate the emissions and consumption data of buses. During the research we created a vehicle dynamics model with AVL Cruise software. This is a longitudinal vehicle model that can be used to analyze the behavior of the bus in the direction of travel, considering different losses, resistances, inertial effects of rotating and traveling masses, and wheel grip properties and rolling resistances. Our future goal is to explore the development possibilities of the vehicle and to make a proposal for the development and possible structural transformation of the powertrain elements.KeywordsUrban busDynamics modellingAVL CruiseSimulationEmissionConsumption
... Using a driving cycle dataset, the average cruising speed can be found, which represents the closest steady state of that operation and can be applied for drag loss calculations. Vámosi et al. [17,18] mentioned that in the city of Debrecen, the average cruising speed is 19.197 km/h. The scope of this assessment was to examine how much could a perpendicular wind load alter the drag losses of a city bus. ...
... Using a driving cycle dataset, the average cruising speed can be found, which represents the closest steady state of that operation and can be applied for drag loss calculations. Vámosi et al. [17,18] mentioned that in the city of Debrecen, the average cruising speed is 19.197 ...
... Based on the literature review [17][18][19][20], common cruising and wind speeds in Debrecen were chosen as the input parameters. The model of the bus was created based on the schematics provided by the Public Transportation Company of Debrecen (DKV ltd.). ...
The drag coefficient is usually considered to be a constant value, which allows us to calculate the aerodynamic losses. However, at lower speeds and wind, this value could be distorted. This also applies to buses in urban environments where due to traffic, the speed is relatively low. Since the schedule of the buses is fixed, based on the driving cycle, they travel at a nominal cruising speed. This makes it possible to examine the drag losses in a quasi-steady condition. To find the magnitude of this distortion in losses, a large-eddy simulation method was used with the help of commercially available software. Symmetrical and asymmetrical flows were induced into the digital wind tunnel to assess the distribution of the forces in the cruising direction and examine the flow patterns. It was discovered that the drag forces behave differently due to the low speeds, and calculations should be performed differently compared to high-speed drag evaluations.
The European transport sector is evolving rapidly, and so do the challenges associated with its fuel needs. The advanced biofuels of second and third generations based on Lignocellulosic (LC) and microalgae biomass have emerged as promising alternative biofuels producers. The paper reviews the renewable energy scenario and its contribution to the transport sector in the European region. A techno-economic analysis is presented for LC, algae-based advanced biofuels. A SWOT analysis is performed to understand the challenges and opportunities associated with 2nd and 3rd generation advanced biofuels for making them market-ready.
