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Direct shear test is one of the common method to study the parameters of shear strength and shear strength of soil. However, the current standard of geotechnical test method does not consider the calculation error caused by the change of shear area during shear process. In this paper, the direct shear test corrected calculation model considering ef...
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... Then, they are stored in plastic bags for testing [30,31,32]. [39]. Dry soil passes on sieve No.40, the weight of soil= 80 gm, the dimensions of the soil specimen were 60mm-in length, 60mm-in width, and 20mm in height, and the rate of shear displacement was 2 mm per minute [40]. ...
This research aims to study the impact of Zycobond and Terrasil (liquid nano-acrylic co-polymer) as additives with cement and hydrated lime for stabilizing highway subgrade silty soil. Laboratory tests were conducted to identify the most suitable rehabilitation technique for subgrade silty soils with high plasticity at optimal moisture levels, and to assess the related performance characteristics (i.e., unconfined compressive strength (UCS), California bearing ratio (CBR), and permeability) for the implementation of environmentally friendly road pavement systems. Atterberg's limits, hydrometer analysis, UCS, direct shear, AASHTO, and unified classification systems were used to identify the fundamental characteristics of the reference soil. Three types of soil modifiers were considered: Portland cement (PC), hydrated lime (Ca(OH)2), and nano polymer solution. To determine the best ratio for the nano polymer solution, three different percentages of PC and Ca (OH) 2 were selected by soil weight (1%, 3%, and 5%) at OMC. 1%Ca(OH)2 and 3%PC were more suitable according to the UCS, and the Atterberg limits. The results indicated that the reference soil's maximum compressive strength (qu) improved when treated with either 3%PC or 1%Ca(OH)2 combined with the nanopolymer solution. The compressive strength increased by 67.41 percent and 28.35 percent, respectively. The permeability of the soil modified with 3% PC and 1% Ca(OH)2 using the nanopolymer solution decreased by 87.55 percent and 93.3 percent compared with the reference soil, respectively. It was found that the increase in CBR in 3% PC-modified soil treated with a nano polymer solution was 378.66 percent, whereas in 1% Ca(OH)2-modified soil treated with the same solution, it was 231.17 percent compared to the reference soil.
... Figure 6 illustrates the main shear resistance parameters-friction angle (φ) and cohesion I-which were obtained based on the direct shear test. According to [34], the error does not exceed 10% if the horizontal displacement is less than 7.7% of the specimen size, which is respected in our tests (the maximum displacement is 7%). It was established that the friction angle is impacted less impacted by the modifications-it is in the range of 27-28 • for the majority of mixes. ...
... Figure 6 illustrates the main shear resistance parameters-friction angle (ϕ) and cohesion I-which were obtained based on the direct shear test. According to [34], the error does not exceed 10% if the horizontal displacement is less than 7.7% of the specimen size, which is respected in our tests (the maximum displacement is 7%). It was established that the friction angle is impacted less impacted by the modifications-it is in the range of 27-28° for the majority of mixes. ...
The Foundation of buildings in soft soil such as quaternary clay is often associated with
difficult compaction, settlement, non-uniform and /or excessive deformation, and unsatisfactory shear resistance. The present study aims to assess the possibility of using recycled fines from construction and demolition waste, such as mechanically treated gypsum and waste concrete powder (WCP), instead of standard binders or industrial waste, in the stabilization of quaternary clay. A detailed characterization of soil components is presented. Seven mixes with various proportions of gypsum
and WCP are prepared. Main geotechnical parameters of the modified soil are studied by applying standardized methods with a few deviations. XRD analysis and pH measurements are performed. It was found that the effect of 5% to 20% recycled di-hydrate gypsum is limited to improvement in moist soil compatibility. A gypsum content of 10% positively impacts soil cohesion and the pedometer modulus. WCP is an active component, containing non-hydrated cement, portlandite, calcite, and calcium silicate hydrate. As a result, by adding 5% of WCP only, significant improvement can be achieved: greater soil cohesion, reduced deformability, and higher UCS. When 5% of recycled gypsum is added, soil cohesion is further improved because of ettringite formation.
... Figure 6 illustrates the main shear resistance parameters-friction angle (φ) and cohesion I-which were obtained based on the direct shear test. According to [34], the error does not exceed 10% if the horizontal displacement is less than 7.7% of the specimen size, which is respected in our tests (the maximum displacement is 7%). It was established that the friction angle is impacted less impacted by the modifications-it is in the range of 27-28 • for the majority of mixes. ...
... Figure 6 illustrates the main shear resistance parameters-friction angle (ϕ) and cohesion I-which were obtained based on the direct shear test. According to [34], the error does not exceed 10% if the horizontal displacement is less than 7.7% of the specimen size, which is respected in our tests (the maximum displacement is 7%). It was established that the friction angle is impacted less impacted by the modifications-it is in the range of 27-28° for the majority of mixes. ...
Foundation of buildings in soft soil such as quaternary clay is often associated with difficult compaction, settlement, non-uniform and/or excessive deformation, and unsatisfactory shear resistance. The present study aims to assess the possibility of using recycled fines from construction and demolition waste, such as mechanically treated gypsum and waste concrete powder (WCP), instead of ordinary binders or industrial waste, in the stabilization of quaternary clay. A detailed characterization of soil components is presented. Seven mixes with various proportions of gypsum and WCP are prepared. Main geotechnical parameters of the modified soil are studied by applying standardized methods with a few deviations. XRD analysis and pH measurements are performed. It was found that the effect of 5% to 20% recycled di-hydrate gypsum is limited to improvement in moist soil compatibility. A gypsum content of 10% positively impacts soil cohesion and the oedometer modulus. WCP is an active component, containing non-hydrated cement, portlandite, calcite and calcium silicates hydrate. As a result, by adding 5% of WCP only, significant improvement can be achieved: greater soil cohesion, reduced deformability and higher UCS. When 5% of recycled gypsum is also added, soil cohesion is further improved because of ettringite formation.
ABSTRAK Pengujian direct shear adalah metode eksperimental umum untuk memperoleh nilai kuat geser tanah dengan melakukan penggeseran pada sampel tanah dengan variasi pembebanan vertikal. Metodologi penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental di laboratorium. Pengujian yang dilakukan antara lain uji parameter tanah, uji kepadatan standard proctor, dan uji direct shear. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi respons tanah merah pada kepadatan optimum standar proctor terhadap variasi kecepatan penggeseran. Pengujian dilakukan menggunakan alat direct shear dengan 3 variasi kecepatan penggeseran. Sampel tanah merah diambil dari Leungsir-Cikarang, Jawa Barat, dan dipersiapkan sesuai standar pengujian. Sejumlah pengujian direct shear dilakukan dengan mengubah kecepatan penggeseran pada rentang yang ditentukan. Data pengujian mencakup pengukuran gaya geser dan perpindahan relatif antara dua bagian sampel tanah. Analisis data menunjukkan bahwa kecepatan penggeseran memiliki dampak signifikan terhadap sifat mekanik tanah merah. Pengujian pada kecepatan yang berbeda menghasilkan kurva kuat geser dan perpindahan yang bervariasi, mencerminkan respons tanah merah terhadap perubahan kecepatan penggeseran. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan wawasan mendalam tentang perilaku tanah merah dalam kondisi pengujian direct shear yang diuji dengan variasi kecepatan, yang dapat digunakan untuk memilih metode pengujian yang sesuai, sesuai dengan kebutuhan parameter geoteknik. Temuan ini berpotensi meningkatkan pemahaman tentang respons tanah terhadap pengaruh kecepatan penggeseran, memberikan kontribusi pada pemilihan metode pengujian tanah yang lebih akurat dalam konteks rekayasa Geoteknik. Kata Kunci: Direct shear, standard proctor, kadar air optimum, kecepatan penggeseran, tanah merah ABSTRACT Direct shear testing is a commonly employed experimental method to obtain soil shear strength values by subjecting soil samples to shearing with varying vertical loads. This study aims to evaluate the response of red soil at the optimum standard Proctor density to variations in shearing rates. The tests were conducted using a direct shear apparatus with different shearing rates. The red soil samples were collected from Leungsir-Cikarang, West Java, and prepared in accordance with testing standards. Multiple direct shear tests were performed by altering the shearing rates within predetermined ranges. The test data included measurements of shear force and relative displacement between two portions of the soil sample. Data analysis revealed that shearing rate significantly influences the mechanical properties of red soil. Testing at different shearing rates resulted in varying shear strength and displacement curves, reflecting the red soil's response to changes in shearing rates. The findings of this study provide a deeper insight into the behavior of red soil under direct shear testing conditions with various shearing rates, which can be instrumental in selecting the appropriate testing method based on geotechnical parameter requirements. This research has the potential to enhance our understanding of soil response to shearing rate influences, contributing to the selection of more accurate soil testing methods in the realm of geotechnical engineering.
