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Diagram of expanded (above) and contracted (below) slugs with the labels of the morphological characteristics. University of Florida Entomology and Nematology of Capinera 2018.
Source publication
Tañan VB, Sumaya NHN. 2024. Bio-inventory of terrestrial gastropod species in Northern Mindanao, Philippines. Biodiversitas 25: 3391-3402. Gastropods are the largest class in the phylum Mollusca, with an estimated 70,000 to 76,000 species. The prevalence of gastropods is undeniable evidence of their successful adaptation to various habitats, includ...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... length was measured from anterior to posterior tip, mantle length, body width which is the widest part of the body, and live weight in grams using electronic digital balance (0.001g) (Das and Parida 2015). These measurements were taken in accordance with Figure 2 to guarantee the reliability and consistency of the data gathered. ...
Citations
... Of the 73 studies published between 2000 and 2024 focused on the impacts of climate-induced changes in temperature, rainfall, and water bodies on schistosomiasisendemic regions [11][12][13]15,16,19,24,33,. The majority of the studies 91.8% (58/73) indicated that climate change would likely increase transmission in regions where schistosomiasis is already endemic [11,12,15,16,24,[38][39][40][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][70][71][72][73][74][76][77][78][79][80][81][84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][95][96][97]. In Sub-Saharan Africa [11,16,38,39], Southeast Asia [43][44][45][46], and parts of South America [33,47,48], higher temperatures and altered rainfall patterns were found to expand suitable habitats for snail vectors, potentially lengthening transmission seasons and increasing infection rates in both snails and humans. ...
... For example, regions in East Africa, such as Ethiopia and Sudan [79][80][81], were predicted to experience longer wet seasons, thus extending transmission periods. Similarly, in Southeast Asia, countries like Cambodia [84,85,[88][89][90] and Indonesia [76][77][78] were expected to see increased transmission risk due to intensified monsoon seasons and rising temperatures, which would enhance the survival and reproduction of snails that harbour schistosomiasis parasites. Interestingly, WHO data maps illustrating annual schistosomiasis prevalence trends across different regions highlight significant shifts in disease burden over time to the previously nonendemic regions ( Figure 6). ...
Schistosomiasis, a neglected tropical disease caused by parasitic worms of the genus Schistosoma and transmitted through freshwater snails, affects over 200 million people worldwide. Climate change, through rising temperatures, altered rainfall patterns, and extreme weather events, is influencing the distribution and transmission dynamics of schistosomiasis. This scoping review examines the impact of climate change on schistosomiasis transmission and its implications for disease control. This review aims to synthesize current knowledge on the influence of climate variables (temperature, rainfall, water bodies) on snail populations, transmission dynamics, and the shifting geographic range of schistosomiasis. It also explores the potential effects of climate adaptation policies on disease control. The review follows the Arksey and O’Malley framework and PRISMA-ScR guidelines, including studies published from 2000 to 2024. Eligible studies were selected based on empirical data on climate change, schistosomiasis transmission, and snail dynamics. A two-stage study selection process was followed: title/abstract screening and full-text review. Data were extracted on environmental factors, snail population dynamics, transmission patterns, and climate adaptation strategies. Climate change is expected to increase schistosomiasis transmission in endemic regions like Sub-Saharan Africa, Southeast Asia, and South America, while some areas, such as parts of West Africa, may see reduced risk. Emerging hotspots were identified in regions not currently endemic. Climate adaptation policies, such as improved water management and early warning systems, were found effective in reducing transmission. Integrating climate adaptation strategies into schistosomiasis control programs is critical to mitigating the disease’s spread, particularly in emerging hotspots and shifting endemic areas.
... Its native distribution includes Iceland, Greenland(Roth and Sadeghian 2003), and Central and Western Europe(Horáčková and Juřičková 2009). It has been reported as introduced in Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Czech Republic, Spain, and Portugal(Horáčková and Juřičková 2009;Borges et al. 2010; De Oliveira and Altonaga 2010; IUCN Red List 2017), and spread to Hawaii(Cowie 1997), Tasmania(Kershaw 1991), South Atlantic(Preece 2001), North America(Forsyth 2004), Colorado, the Pacific coast states(Roth and Sadeghian 2003), South America(Hausdorf 2002), Chile(Cádiz et al. 2013), Sri Lanka(Naggs et al. 2003), Madeira(Seddon 2008), and the Philippines(Tañan and Sumaya 2024).Distribution in Mexico. Puebla (Teopancingo), Transmexican Volcanic Belt Province. ...
This paper reports the first Mexican records of Oxychilus alliarius (Puebla, State of Mexico, Mexico City) and O. cellarius (Mexico City), and expands the Mexican distribution of O. draparnaudi to Querétaro, Tlaxcala, and State of Mexico. These three introduced land snail species were identified by combining their genital anatomy and mitochondrial COI DNA sequence data. A two-dimensional geometric morphometric analysis of shell shape variation based on both apertural and apical views showed that there were no significant conchological differences between the three species except, to some degree, size. Using locality data of newly collected specimens, information from previous studies, and data retrieved from GBIF and iNaturalist, an analysis of the potential distributions of Oxychilus species in Mexico was conducted with an R implementation of Maxent. This showed that Oxychilus tends to occupy principally the Southern Highlands and the Transmexican Volcanic Belt Province.
