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Descriptive data and gender differences for the target variables.

Descriptive data and gender differences for the target variables.

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This study was conducted with the purpose of analyzing the combined and mediating effect of actor’s withdrawal–partner’s demand conflict resolution strategies between avoidance attachment dimension and relationship satisfaction. We conducted a dyadic study with 175 heterosexual couples (aged between 18 and 72 years) who filled in the questionnaires...

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... rest of sociodemographic variables analyzed (i.e., being parents and education level) did not show any association with our study variables (i.e., small effect size): avoidant attachment, actor withdrawal, actor demand/aggression, and marital satisfaction. 3 Descriptive statistics and mean comparisons between men and women for target variables are presented in Table 2. Regarding MANOVA's analysis, we found some small gender differences [t(248) = 2.06, p = 0.04, d = 0.22]; specifically, men (M = 2.44, SD = 0.89) showed higher scores of avoidance than women (M = 2.25, SD = 0.78), which is commonly the case in the literature. ...

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... The accommodating strategy prefers to offer concessions and capitulation for mitigating the conflict. The avoidant approach aims to end the conflict by shifting the accountability to an unrelated person [32]. The compromise strategy assists the healthcare leaders to act as intermediaries and subside the conflict by selectively accepting the concerns of both parties and establishing a mutual consensus. ...
... The results confirmed the first hypothesis, showing that participants with a dismissing attachment style reported significantly higher levels of lack of control, rejection, and emotional attention than participants with secure or preoccupied attachment. These results are in line with previous studies that reported greater difficulties in the capacity for emotional regulation and avoidance patterns among individuals with an insecure dismissing attachment compared to individuals with secure attachment [35,36]. Cooke et al. [37], found that children who had developed a dismissing attachment style were less able to regulate emotions and experienced less general positive affect. ...
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Previous evidence has demonstrated a relationship between insecure attachment and the development of emotional dependence towards an individual’s partner. However, the possibility that this relationship may be indirect and mediated by individual factors such as difficulties in emotional regulation has not previously been explored. Consequently, the objectives of the present study were to analyze the (i) differences in emotional dependence on an individual’s partner and difficulties in emotional regulation capacity according to secure, preoccupied or dismissing attachment style and (ii) mediating role of difficulties in emotional regulation in the relationship between both insecure attachment styles and emotional dependence on an individual’s partner. The sample comprised 741 participants ranging in age from 18 to 30 years (M = 21.32, SD = 2.93). The mediations were tested with linear regressions with the macro PROCESS v4.0. The results showed that emotional dependence on a partner and difficulties in emotional regulation were greater among individuals who had developed a dismissing attachment compared those with secure or preoccupied attachment. Likewise, the mediation model confirmed the mediating role of difficulties in the capacity for emotional regulation in the relationship between dismissing attachment and emotional dependence, with rejection of negative or discomfort-generating emotions predominating. The findings provide preliminary evidence that rejection of negative emotional experiences may play an important role in the relationship between insecure dismissing attachment style and emotional dependence on an individual’s partner. Consequently, it is recommended that emotional dependence intervention programs include of the management of intolerance to negative emotions.
... González-Ortega et al. [18] stated that avoidantly attached individuals often prioritize their own safety over repairing relationships, leading to a lack of emotional support and empathy during difficult times. Instead of engaging in demand or aggression strategies, avoidant attachment is more closely linked to withdrawal strategies in conflict resolution [45]. Additionally, the results indicate that avoidant attachment has a positive correlation with avoidance (ρ=.148, p=.006), separation (ρ=.140, p=.009), and submission (ρ=.122, p=.023).This suggests that avoidantly attached individuals tend to avoid or withdraw from conflicts rather than actively engaging in resolution. ...
Article
Understanding Attachment Styles and Romantic Conflict Management Skills is crucial for addressing relationship challenges like recurring conflicts and communication breakdowns due to unresolved attachment issues, which can cause emotional damage and deteriorate relationship quality over time. This study explores the relationship between Attachment Styles and Romantic Conflict Management Skills in university students, with 350 college respondents providing a diverse sample. The study found that attachment styles particularly avoidant attachment have a slightly high level while romantic conflict management skills show variations in subscales with compromise and avoidance tending toward higher levels. The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient showed a weakly positive connection, rejecting the null hypothesis and highlighting the influence of attachment styles on romantic conflict management skills. Moreover, the linear regression analysis identified avoidant and anxious attachment as significant predictors of Romantic Conflict Management Skills, suggesting that these styles may play a role in determining how conflicts are resolved in relationships. These results improve our understanding of the relationship between college students' attachment styles and their ability to resolve romantic conflicts. The study suggests that institutions should offer workshops on communication, attachment styles, self-awareness, and conflict resolution to foster healthy student relationships and provide counselors with guidance. Future research should explore additional variables and use advanced sampling techniques.
... From an individual perspective, withdrawal as a conflict strategy has been linked with lower relationship satisfaction (Bretaña et al., 2022(Bretaña et al., , 2023Gesell et al., 2020). In societies characterized by marked role differentiation, more commonly found in male-dominated societies, may result in women often assume a more passive and non-confrontational role during conflicts within couple (e.g., Johnson, 2006;Smedley et al., 2021;Straus & Gozjolko, 2014). ...
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The utilization of specific strategies to manage couple conflict has a differential impact on women’s relationship satisfaction. However, considering that women’s role within couple relationship is shaped by societal norms, such association should be examined by embracing a cross-cultural perspective. Thus, the objective of this study is to analyze the effect of individualism/collectivism and masculinity/femininity cultural values on avoidant attachment, perceived conflict solving, and relationship satisfaction. The sample consisted of 334 women from Israel, USA, Türkiye, and Spain. An unconstrained general model elucidates the connections among relationship satisfaction, avoidant attachment, and conflict solving strategies across all countries; yet, the strength of certain associations varies based on the dimensions of masculinity and individualism. In individualistic countries, avoidant attachment predicts lower relationship satisfaction in women. The prediction of own withdrawal by avoidant attachment remains similar among women, regardless of the individualism dimension. Nevertheless, in feminine (i.e., role egalitarian) countries, the link between female’s avoidant attachment and their partner’s use of positive conflict solving strategies is stronger. Additionally, the withdrawal strategy predicts partner demand to a greater extent in women from feminine countries. These findings will assist professionals from different countries in developing culturally sensitive and tailored prevention and intervention tools.
... Jovens com relações precoces pautadas por uma vinculação segura com sentimentos de confiança e apoio tendem a desenvolver comportamentos mais estáveis e confiantes com estratégias de resolução de conflitos construtivas face ao estabelecimento e qualidade das novas relações (Feeney & Karantzas, 2017;Tan et al., 2016). Jovens com padrões de vinculação pautados pela rejeição e baixo suporte emocional tendem a mostrar-se mais evitantes e ambivalentes nas relações de intimidade (Bretaña et al., 2022;Stover et al., 2018), ou excessivamente dependentes e submissos (Marcos et al., 2020), apresentando dificuldade na construção de estratégias de regulação emocional e resolução de conflitos adaptativas (e.g. Santona et al., 2019;Zimmermann & Iwanski, 2014 Cava et al., 2020;Watt et al., 2016). ...
... Os conflitos interparentais não resolvidos, particularmente face à sua frequência e intensidade, podem contribuir para o desenvolvimento de comportamentos desadaptativos por parte dos jovens nas suas próprias relações amorosas (Caridade & Machado, 2013;Goncy, 2020;Morris et al., 2015). Esta exposição culmina numa escalada de normalização do uso de estratégias de resolução abusivas, comportamentos violentos e ausência de sensibilidade moral nas relações de intimidade (Bretaña et al., 2022;Costa et al., 2022;Santona et al., 2019;Stover et al., 2018). A exposição continuada e não resolvida dos jovens a todo tipo de conflitos interparentais, não tão poucas vezes ocasiona distúrbios na relação com as figuras parentais, numa dinâmica de triangulação ou coligação que se traduzem frequentemente em processos depressivos e ansiosos (Melo & Mota, 2014;Mota & Matos, 2014;Verhees et al., 2021). ...
... Nesta medida, os jovens expostos a uma vivência de conflitos interparentais frequentes e intensos são muitas vezes confrontados com conflitos de lealdade face à dinâmica das suas relações com as figuras parentais, pautadas por coligação ou triangulação, que conduzem a uma vinculação desorganizada e à emergência de psicopatologia (Melo & Mota, 2014;Mota & Matos, 2014;Verhees et al., 2021). Esta vivência no seio familiar pode conduzir à integração da normalidade das estratégias abusivas e dos comportamentos violentos, numa escalada que caracteriza a ausência de sensibilidade moral nas relações de intimidade (Bretaña et al., 2022;Costa et al., 2022;Santona et al., 2019;Stover et al., 2018). Na sequência dos resultados, o modelo observado aponta que a sintomatologia psicopatológica, nomeadamente a sensibilidade interpessoal prediz negativamente, e a sintomatologia depressiva e ansiosa predizem positivamente estratégias de resolução abusivas e comportamentos violentos. ...
Article
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Objetivo. Analisar em que medida a qualidade da vinculação amorosa, a presença de sintomatologia psicopatológica e os conflitos interparentais predizem os conflitos no namoro em jovens adultos. Método. A amostra foi constituída por 505 indivíduos, 366 (72.5%) do sexo feminino, com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 25 anos (M = 20.59; DP = 1.78). Resultados. Os resultados apontam que conflitos interparentais, a sintomatologia psicopatológica e a ambivalência na vinculação amorosa predizem negativamente estratégias de resolução não abusivas no namoro. As estratégias de resolução abusivas e os comportamentos violentos no namoro são preditos positivamente pela sintomatologia psicopatológica, conflitos interparentais e a ambivalência na vinculação amorosa. O sexo feminino associou-se às resoluções não abusivas, enquanto o sexo masculino se associou à resolução de conflitos abusivos e comportamentos violentos.
... Social image destruction is a kind of indirect harassment through slander, rumors, disclosure of private information, or involvement of others in discussions and arguments between spouses. One who uses this type of communication aggression aims to take advantage of social pressure to control his or her spouse (Bretaña et al., 2022). It can be generally stated that aggression in a marital relationship can lead to mistrust, jealousy, and frustration and also reduce the quality of the relationship for both spouses, resulting in a crisis of marital trust. ...
Article
Background: Marital trust as a fiduciary relationship is very important for ensuring the continuity of married life, and identifying its factors are critical. Female nurses are prone to marital problems due to involvement in stressful jobs with different work shifts and long working hours. Accordingly, the present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of covert aggression in relationships between attachment behaviors and marital trust in female nurses. Methods: This correlational study was conducted using structural equation modeling (SEM) from March to June 2021. The statistical population consisted of all married female nurses (aged 25-55 years) working in hospitals in Shiraz City, Iran. Of whom, 310 were selected as the sample through two-stage cluster random sampling. The research instruments included the Trust in Close Relationships scale, the brief accessibility, responsiveness, and engagement (BARE) scale, and the couples relational aggression and victimization scale (CRAViS). The proposed model was evaluated by SEM, and indirect relationships were examined using the Bootstrap method in AMOS-24. The significance level was considered to be 0.05. Results: The results showed that both indirect paths of dimensions of attachment behaviors and a marital trust, mediated by covert aggression (destruction of social image and emotional withdrawal), were statistically significant (P<0.05). In addition, the results demonstrated a significant and direct relationship between dimensions of attachment behaviors and marital trust (P<0.01). Conclusion: The study results show the acceptable goodness of fit of the proposed model. Therefore, policymakers, family consultants, and psychiatric nurses are recommended to pay special attention to the effects of attachment behaviors and covert aggression on the marital trust of female nurses.
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This chapter conceptualizes a gender perspective to conflict resolution, investigating some of the gender-sensitive conflict management styles, and describing the roles that women play in conflict. Some mainstream discourses which are instrumentalist in approach, see women as instrumental in bringing about sustainable peace, which is paramount in achieving sustainable development goals. We use a qualitative research approach by reviewing documentations and case studies on gender and conflict in Southern Cameroon. The qualitative analysis reveals that women's leadership travails across sectors. We conclude that ignoring gendered power relations and inequalities can lead to a misunderstanding of the fundamentals of conflict for sustainable peace-building. Again, portraying women as primary victims tends to obscure women's agency thus undermining their potentials in peace-building. We recommend some salient choices to position women as veritable instruments for peace and development.