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Definitions of Cloud Computing

Definitions of Cloud Computing

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The construction industry has been characterised by fragmentation, lack of integration and complexities in processes and activities. These characteristics could threaten the delivery of project objectives which could ultimately have a negative impact on construction project success. The construction industry is associated with numerous activities,...

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... computing is the latest technology being developed by the IT industry as the next revolution that will influence how efficiently and effectively the internet and information systems could operate and be used worldwide. Table 1 illustrates the various definitions of cloud computing. Clusters of distributed computers (largely vast data centres and server farms), which provide on-demand resources and services over a networked medium (usually the Internet). ...
Context 2
... from Table 1 shows that cloud computing can be defined as the sharing and utilization of applications and resources within a network environment to implement the business without any concerns regarding the ownership, management and maintenance of the network's resources, applications and services. Furthermore, according to Zhang et al. (2011), applications on smartphones are traditionally constrained by limited resources, such as low CPU frequency, small memory and a battery- powered computing environment. ...

Citations

... Each of these stakeholders has unique needs and requirements, including the need to have adequate information needed to perform their tasks. Therefore, there should be efficient collaboration among them to address these needs and ensure the successful completion of the OSC project on time and within budget [5]. For instance, as manufacturers transport building components to multiple locations, it is essential to coordinate the production process and logistics with the schedules of the construction sites [28]. ...
... Key information required during this stage includes transportation schedules and loadhandling specifications, such as the dimensions of modular units, weight limits, and any site-specific challenges like access roads or crane placement [9,60]. Real-time data sharing through GPS tracking and shared scheduling platforms can facilitate coordination between manufacturers and site managers, reducing downtime by ensuring that the components arrive in the correct sequence and are installation-ready [5,60]. Any deviations from the delivery schedule due to factors like weather or traffic must be promptly updated to allow onsite teams to adjust their plans accordingly [61]. ...
... For instance, the inclusion of manufacturer and contractor input during the design stage ensures that practical considerations are embedded early, mitigating downstream inefficiencies [4]. Similarly, real-time updates to project schedules during manufacturing and detailed site logistics planning-encompassing laydown areas, access points, and transport routesaddress logistical bottlenecks that often hinder OSC projects [5]. RQ-1 (What are the key aspects of information sharing in OSC?) is addressed by identifying the critical stages and information requirements of OSC projects, including technical specifications during design, quality control measures during manufacturing, logistics details during transportation, and real-time updates during assembly. ...
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Recently, the adoption of offsite construction (OSC) has been gaining prominence in the building industry due to its unmatched efficiency, quality, and eco-friendliness. Despite its numerous advantages, OSC faces significant hurdles, notably the challenge of inadequate information sharing among stakeholders, which compounds other issues. While acknowledging its importance and challenges, researchers have predominantly focused on different aspects of OSC. Therefore, this study aims to systematically explore key aspects of information sharing in OSC, identify barriers, and propose strategies for improvement. By analyzing 53 articles published between 2013 and 2024, we found that most studies originated from developed countries, and almost 83% were published in the last 5 years. A thematic analysis revealed various information needs across project stages, from market analysis to safety protocols. Moreover, it uncovered factors hindering stakeholder communication and collaboration, including fragmented supply chains, inconsistent standards, and communication barriers. This paper discusses strategies to improve information sharing and proposes a conceptual framework to guide stakeholders in improving information sharing within OSC projects.
... Flexibility Adapt to changes in user needs [21,22] Reliability Trusted to accomplish required operations through smart construction technology [23,24] Integration Information sharing between project participants or the fusion of information from different systems [25,26] Immediacy The currency of the information provided by information technology [21,27] Presentation The extent to which smart construction technology information is appropriately presented [23,28] Automation Use computers or electronic information tools to process data or produce products [5,29] Initiative Provide timely and up-to-date information and predict future conditions [30,31] Shareability Exchange and sharing of information data between different levels and departments [3,32] Accuracy Users perceive that the information provided by smart construction technology is appropriate and accurate [33,34] Sustainability Smart construction technology covers the entire life cycle of the building during use and forms a sustainable experience [20,35] ...
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The application of smart construction technologies is becoming a crucial approach to improving safety performance in the construction industry. Existing research often focuses on the qualitative analysis of specific technologies, neglecting a comprehensive empirical examination of the characteristics of smart construction technologies and their impact on project safety performance. This study identifies five principal characteristics of smart construction technology: integration, automation, initiative, shareability, and sustainability. By integrating the technology acceptance model (TAM) and the task–technology fit (TTF) model, we propose a theoretical path of “technology characteristics–perceived behavior–behavioral intention–safety performance” and develop a structural equation model to assess the effect of these characteristics on safety performance. The results indicate that these characteristics have a significant direct impact on safety performance, with the estimated direct effect reaching as high as 0.61. Additionally, these characteristics positively influence safety performance indirectly through mediating variables such as perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, usage intention, and usage behavior. This study empirically verifies the pathways through which smart construction technology characteristics affect safety performance, providing theoretical support for the widespread application of these technologies in construction engineering and enhancing safety management.
... Kumar et al. (2010) stated that anything that includes providing hosted services through the internet is called cloud computing. The use of cloud computing in the construction industry has become more significant and accessible due to the progress in manufacturing tablets and smartphones at reasonable prices (Fathi et al., 2012). Rawai et al. (2013) emphasized that using cloud computing in green construction would facilitate the processes of cooperation, communications, relationships and networks in the building industry. ...
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Purpose This study aims to examine the challenges facing the construction industry practitioners toward adopting digital construction technologies in the Jordanian construction industry. Design/methodology/approach Quantitative methods were used by reviewing the related literature to include 16 challenges that face the Jordanian construction industry in adopting digital construction. A questionnaire was used to achieve the desired study objectives for 373 respondents from various institutions and companies. The questionnaire was analyzed with SPSS using statistical tests such as mean score, Kruskal–Wallis H test and factor analysis. Findings After collecting the quantitative data, the study showed that the most challenges facing construction industry practitioners toward adopting digital construction techniques are lack of qualified workers, high requirement for computing equipment’s, high initial cost of bringing these technologies to the market and construction firms low investment in research and development. These challenges faced by respondents were divided into three main factors, namely, construction’s nature, financial constraints and poor management support. Originality/value This study provides information and statistics on the challenges that face individuals or companies toward adopting digital construction techniques in Jordan. It proposes recommendations and proper practical implantation strategies to overcome the challenges.
... Efficient collaboration among project participants is a key factor in completing construction projects on time and within budget. The precedent of collaboration is to share accountable information among the participants [1]. However, the construction industry is fragmented, with many geographically dispersed participants working together toward a common goal [2]. ...
Article
Efficient collaboration among various stakeholders is important for the successful completion of a construction project. However, stakeholders in construction are fragmented, which in turn hinders accountable information sharing. To address this issue, the authors aim to develop and test an integrated digital twin and blockchain framework for traceable data communication. The digital twin updates building information modeling in near real-time using internet of things sensors, while the blockchain authenticates and adds confidence to all data transactions to the digital twin. The authors tested the framework with a case project where virtual positioning data from a prefabricated brick is transmitted to digital twin in near real-time, recorded on the blockchain with time stamps. The results show that the integrated digital twin and blockchain framework makes all data transactions traceable. This paper's primary contribution is the development of a framework that realizes accountable project-related information sharing across stakeholders.
... The delivery of a construction project generally involves multidisciplinary stakeholders including clients, project managers, architects, structural design teams, consultants, site engineers, and contractors. This fragmented industry cannot fulfill its goals without onsite and offsite cooperation from the project stakeholders (Fathi et al., 2012). Recently, construction Tea, S., Panuwatwanich, K., Ruthankoon, R. and Kaewmoracharoen, M. (2021), "Multiuser immersive virtual reality application for real-time remote collaboration to enhance design review process in the social distancing era", Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology, Vol. ...
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to develop and assess the real-time multiuser virtual reality (VR) application that can be used in the design review process. In particular, the application was aimed to accommodate the design review meetings conducted among participants who are in different locations, which has become commonplace during the COVID-19 outbreak. Design/methodology/approach This paper presents a methodology for the development of a real-time multiuser immersive VR application, to support remote collaboration during the design review process. The developed application can immerse remote project participants into the same virtual environment and provide virtual face-to-face discussions. An experiment was conducted with 44 university students to investigate the applicability and performance of the developed application by comparing it with the traditional approach. Findings Results indicated that the group of students who used the developed immersive VR application outperformed the group that used the traditional approach. This was measured by the percentage of correctly identified design errors during a building inspection experiment. Originality/value The difficulty of bringing remote stakeholders together in a virtual environment has impeded the implementation of VR technology in the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry. Most research has focused on the improvement of a single user’s experience. Most of the previous multiuser VR studies were conducted in other industries while similar research in the AEC industry is limited. The study presented in this paper contributes to the AEC industry by presenting the development of multiuser immersive VR applications for real-time remote collaboration and the empirical evidence to substantiate its potential benefits.
... All data centre and data base should be equipped with well-designed cyber security to secure the critical information (Holly Deadman 2017). The construction project is targeted preferably to steal the sensitive data (Fathi et al. 2012). ...
Article
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The architectural, engineering and construction (AEC) requires most efficient joint efforts between the construction project stakeholders with continuing exchange of large amount of project data. Nowadays, it is seen paradigm shift in construction industry to work on digital technologies like BIM from conventional methods of paper-based data exchange. The expanding volume of individual and sensitive information being digitally gathered by the AEC industry and store in the cloud, which makes it vulnerable to cyber attack. According to the Data Protection Act and the General Data Protection Regulation, organisation has to ensure security of people and security of sensitive data. Subsequently, it is crucial to establish the framework or method to provide the privacy of project data. Specifically, individual information, for example, individual health records, address and all other background information should be protected as per the legal regulation In this research paper, a technique called Hybrid-k anonymity has been proposed to protect the individual’s personal information as well as employees details, supplier details, cost details. In this technique, we modified original data using randomisation technique and then apply anonymisation on modified data which can provide better accuracy with minimum loss of information. This approach will enhance the privacy of sensitive information from cyber attack of the data miner.
... The paper proposes an energy aware layer in software architecture which evaluates amount of energy consumption at data-centers and then makes services migrate to hosts that use energy more efficiently. 5) Rawai(2012):This paper presents an in depth review of cloud computing in construction management. It shows that by using cloud computing technologies for construction collaboration will help in minimizing the usage of power and the emission of CO 2 into the atmosphere. ...
... Cloud Computing is a well-known contemporary platform which is an extended system of parallel computing, distributed computing and grid computing. According to NIST [26], cloud computing allows users to have global, on-demand and ease-IJSTR©2019 www.ijstr.org of use capability to access the shared distributed services and resources; a pay-per-use model where customer pay the usage of service cost [27]- [29]. Using internet, cloud offers a huge pool of resources where services are organized in a manner that give benefits to its users. ...
Article
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To accommodate the transportation needs of world's growing population, automobiles numbers are increasing rapidly around the globe. This resulted in increased number of road accidents and deaths. By adopting Internet of Things (IoT), vehicles can be turned into a Smart Vehicle Monitoring System (SVMS) to monitor driver's heath condition and prevent accidents due to emergencies. SVMS uses IoT devices in vehicles which connects, communicates and flow data using both IoT and cloud computing. This study reviews the existing literature and technologies in implementing Smart Vehicle Monitoring System (SVMS) to reduce emergencies and accidents caused by health related issues. It thoroughly evaluates IoT based infrastructural components needed for deploying SVMS in vehicles. This research also focuses on the key considerations and major challenges in executing health detecting IoT based steering wheel system into a car.
... This fact is creating uncertainties and therefore many security challenges and vulnerabilities concerning data leaks and intellectual theft, the accountability about risks and errors in the processes and the determination of roles and access privileges of each project member [22]. Blockchain is a possible solution for these issues [20], since it allows the security experts to immediately pinpoint where problems and deviations from standard behavior occurred in the BIM supply chain but also in the management and operation of the IoT architectural elements. Thus, the integration of Blockchain in the processes of BIM, may offer a completely secure and private environment to conduct business with full governance over the process. ...
... This openness and high decentralization is creating uncertainties and therefore many security challenges and vulnerabilities arise [24]. These concerns are resulted by: a) data leaks and intellectual theft, b) the determination of roles and access privileges of each project member according to the level of Detail (LOD) [25] and c) the accountability about risks and errors in the processes. ...
Conference Paper
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The Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry has not embraced digital transformation with the same enthusiasm as other industries (e.g. such as manufacture industry). Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a revolutionary technology that is characterized as the opportunity of the AEC industry to move to the digital era and improve the collaboration amongst the partners of this industry by exploiting Information and Communications Technologies (ICT). BIM provides all the necessary tools and automations to achieve end-to-end communication, data exchange and information sharing between project actors. Thus, the virtual 3D models generated in the context of engaging in the BIM process and as-delivered physical assets through Building Management Systems (BMS) could adopt Internet of Things (IoT) architectures and services. However, the orchestration of IoT in a highly modular environment with many moving parts and inter-dependencies between the stakeholders of this environment, lead to many security issues. Therefore, this paper proposes a system architecture that employs the Blockchain technology as a measure to secure and control the BIM technology coupled with IoT. The system architecture under scrutiny is considering the case of a museum building, where efficient security, management and monitoring are of great importance.