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Because of the impending energy crisis and the environmental problems caused by the excessive use of fossil fuels, biofuels produced from renewable energy biomass have been playing a more significant role in the world. This follows from their obvious environmental and economic advantages. Bioethanol, the most widely used transportation biofuel, is...
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... organization of the data analysis system (DAS) is shown in Fig. 1. The four necessary modules are on the left of Fig. 1 The data collection module interrogates the initial literature database and obtains the most relevant information. The ISI Web of Science was chosen as the primary database, as it has access to multiple databases and provides researchers, administrators, faculty, and students with ...
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... organization of the data analysis system (DAS) is shown in Fig. 1. The four necessary modules are on the left of Fig. 1 The data collection module interrogates the initial literature database and obtains the most relevant information. The ISI Web of Science was chosen as the primary database, as it has access to multiple databases and provides researchers, administrators, faculty, and students with quick, powerful access to leading scholarly literature. ...
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... is delivered to the ethanol plant, it needs to be carefully stored and conditioned to prevent early fermentation and bacterial contamination. Through pre-treatment, simple sugars are proportionally made available, depending on the type of biomass used and the pre-treatment process. The main steps, for the different feedstock are summarized in Fig. 10, which provides a general production Xu et al. (2015). "Bioethanol technological paradigm," BioResources 10(3), 6285-6304. 6298 flowsheet for the different bioethanol stages and shows the technological foci for the second and third-generation feedstock. Fig. 9. Keywords focus trend analysis graph ("technology" area) Fig. 10. ...
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... are summarized in Fig. 10, which provides a general production Xu et al. (2015). "Bioethanol technological paradigm," BioResources 10(3), 6285-6304. 6298 flowsheet for the different bioethanol stages and shows the technological foci for the second and third-generation feedstock. Fig. 9. Keywords focus trend analysis graph ("technology" area) Fig. 10. "Generations" of bioethanol production PEER-REVIEWED REVIEW ARTICLE bioresources.com Xu et al. (2015). "Bioethanol technological paradigm," BioResources 10(3), 6285-6304. ...
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... Использование изобутанола в качестве добавки к бензину поможет решить текущие проблемы, с которыми сталкиваются люди, такие как истощение ископаемых ресурсов и парниковый эффект [1][2][3][4][5]9]. ...
Intensive research is underway in all developed countries to create an economical process for the production of butanol and its derivatives from biomass, which reduces the cost of the product compared to existing processes for producing synthetic butanol based on fossil raw materials. This is primarily due to the prospects of using butanol and its derivatives as an alternative fuel. The paper proposes a technology for the production of isobutyl alcohol, which provides for the processing of by-products of alcohol production by hydrogenation of crotonaldehyde. A concentrate of ethyl alcohol head fractions (KGF) and a concentrate of ethyl alcohol head fractions (KGF) were used as objects of research. In the process of work, a technology for processing by-products of alcohol production is proposed, which includes a number of stages with the production of isobutyl alcohol as a finished product, which can be used in the production of plastics, rubber, coatings, medicine and the production of special solvents, as well as as an additive to fuel. Experimental studies were conducted to obtain isobutanol and study its physicochemical properties: color, density; mass fraction of isobutyl alcohol, mass fraction of acids in terms of acetic acid, bromine number, mass fraction of carbonyl compounds in terms of oil aldehyde, mass fraction of non-volatile residue. The technological process at the isobutanol production plant is differentiated by stages, which are carried out sequentially in separate reactors with the treatment of intermediates with catalysts. As a result of the developed technology, butyl alcohol with a mass fraction of isobutyl alcohol of at least 99.3% was obtained.
... Most of the social, economic, environmental, operational, and technical issues relating to bioethanol generation and consumption have been a subject of debate in the past few decades. The application of starch crops such as corn, sugarcane, or sweet sorghum as feedstocks has sparked food vs fuel debates and ethical concerns in various fora (Xu et al., 2015). These have directed research efforts to be increasingly concentrated on the applicability of non-food feedstock alternatives for bioethanol production. ...
Continuous environmental degradation, volatility in the oil market, and unimpressive functioning of fossil-based (FB) fuels in compression ignition engines have expanded the tempo of the search for alternative fuels. Due to the astronomical rise in global population, improved agricultural, commercial, and manufacturing activities, enhanced farming and other food production and utilization ventures, agricultural waste generation, renewable fuel consumption, and emission of toxic gases. The need for cost-effective, readily available, and environmentally benign agricultural waste to biofuels has never been more crucial. Biofuels are renewable, biodegradable, low-cost, and eco-friendly fuels that are produced by microorganisms from waste lignocellulosic biomass. Conversion of agricultural wastes to biofuel does not exacerbate food security, contributes to waste management, prevents environmental degradation, and ensures energy security. This study reviews the conversion of agricultural wastes into biofuels with special emphasis on bioethanol, biohydrogen, biobutanol, biomethane, biomethanol, and biodiesel for various applications. It is safe to conclude that wastes generated from agricultural activities and processes are useful and can be harnessed to meet the affordable and accessible global renewable energy target. The result of this investigation will improve the body of knowledge and provide novel strategies and pathways for the utilization of agricultural wastes. Going forward, more collaborative and interdisciplinary studies are required to evolve state-of-the-art, ecofriendly, and cost-effective conversion pathways for agricultural wastes to promote the utilization of the generated renewable fuels. More human, financial, and infrastructural investments are desirable to motivate the conversion of agricultural waste into biofuels to ensure environmental sanitation and sustainability, promote renewable fuel utilization, and avert the raging implosion of our planet.
... In response, many countries are developing renewable energy, including biofuel production. Biofuels are any fuels produced from biomass, such as organic waste materials [1], and such fuels can have a significantly reduced ecological footprint compared to traditional fossil fuels [2]. One such biofuel is bioethanol, the production of which is projected to surpass 130 billion liters/year worldwide [3], with the United States and Brazil supplying most of the world's ethanol [4]. ...
Fossil fuels are a major contributor to climate change, and as the demand for energy production increases, alternative sources (e.g., renewables) are becoming more attractive. Biofuels such as bioethanol reduce reliance on fossil fuels and can be compatible with the existing fleet of internal combustion engines. Incorporation of biofuels can reduce internal combustion engine (ICE) fleet carbon dioxide emissions. Bioethanol is typically produced via microbial fermentation of fermentable sugars, such as glucose, to ethanol. Traditional feedstocks (e.g., first-generation feedstock) include cereal grains, sugar cane, and sugar beets. However, due to concerns regarding food sustainability, lignocellulosic (second-generation) and algal biomass (third-generation) feedstocks have been investigated. Ethanol yield from fermentation is dependent on a multitude of factors. This review compares bioethanol production from a range of feedstocks, and elaborates on available technologies, including fermentation practices. The importance of maintaining nutrient homeostasis of yeast is also examined. The purpose of this review is to provide industrial producers and policy makers insight into available technologies, yields of bioethanol achieved by current manufacturing practices, and goals for future innovation.
... With the gradual maturity of technical paradigm theory system, the application fields of the technical paradigm are becoming more and more extensive, involving energy, electricity, economy, finance, science and technology. There are many studies on technology paradigm in energy field, such as hydropower [14,15], geothermal energy [16], wind energy [17], biofuel [18], bioethanol [19], natural gas and renewable energy hybrid power generation [20], carbon-free hydrogen production [21]. In short, the low-carbon technology represented by renewable energy has a good development and is a trend in the future energy development [22]. ...
Photovoltaic (PV) has been regarded as the most promising, technically viable large-scale renewable energy source for a sustainable society. However, as the demand for solar energy is generally rising, the world needs to fundamentally reconsider the development of PV generation technology. The objective of this study is to propose a comprehensive method to study the role of technological paradigms in the development of PV generation, and to contribute to PV generation policy recommendations and system management. A novel document data mining analysis system and the technological paradigm theory are used to conduct the study. PV generation technology paradigm composed of paradigm competition, diffusion and shift is established to explain the technological changes in the use of PV energy. In this paper, the autoregressive moving average model is used to make short-term forecasts of the PV generation installed capacity, and to compare with the data predicted by Prospective Industry Research Institute. The results show that the forecasting method herein is effective and reliable. Also, this paper discusses the benefits and barriers of PV generation technology. However, to achieve higher market share in electricity generation, more support policies, multi-level cooperation, technical support and capital investment are needed. Moreover, this study provides an analysis framework for the soft path analysis of PV generation technology to achieve sustainable PV technological development.
... Besides, their reservations are very unlikely to be enough for supporting growing population and economy. Therefore, the interest in the development and utilization of renewable energy from biomass has increased (Xu et al. 2015). ...
The charcoals of Amapá, a Brazilian state located in the Amazonia forest, have been produced from wastes of high-quality native and exotic wood species. However, there is no control to avoid mixing raw materials with different potentials for bioenergy. This work aimed to compare the quality of two brands of Amapá charcoals for domestic use, besides to analyze the variability of properties within and among packages. Charcoals of brands A and B were produced from harvesting wastes of Acacia mangium wood and sawing wastes of mixed native wood species, respectively. Five packages of each brand were acquired, from which thirteen samples were randomly selected for physical and chemical analyses. The higher heating value was estimated from the chemical composition. The brands were compared by analysis of variance or Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney test. The variability within and between packages was investigated through box plots. The Amapá charcoals showed moisture content (≈ 7.3%) somewhat above the stipulated (5%) by the Brazilian standardization for domestic use. The proper quality of the charcoals was attested by high apparent density (≈ 0.568 g/cm3), high fixed carbon (≈ 87.2%), low volatile matter (≈ 11.7%), low ash content (≈ 1.0%) and high higher heating value (≈ 32,925.40 kJ/kg). The charcoal of the brand B showed better quality considering significant higher average apparent density, no outlier of ash content above the maximum ideal value and overall lower variability within and among packages of the properties. The apparent density greatly varied among packages, while a greater variation within packages was observed for the other properties.
... The development of economically viable processes for the production of second-generation biofuels is currently a growing topic in the field [14,15]. These fuels are produced mainly from nonfood lignocellulosic biomass and give rise to fewer problems regarding the competition with the use of agricultural land for food [16]. In light of growing concerns associated with climate change, there may be a significant role for sustainable biofuel technologies, because they can be generated from locally available sustainable biomass feedstocks. ...
Reliable search results are necessary in the empirical analyses utilizing patent data. In this study, we evaluate the tagging schemes for patent documents related to low carbon technologies and provide a patent analysis of bioethanol with PCT patent publications between 2010 and 2016. The classification-based queries were optimized to find grain bioethanol (1G), cellulosic bioethanol (2G) and patents belonging to grain and cellulosic bioethanol (1G AND 2G) trajectories. The results reveal that based on original search strategy, only second-generation cellulosic bioethanol patents could be identified with a good match. Through use of co-classification and content analysis of patents we expand understanding of bioethanol inventions and potential future technology generations in the field.
... CiteSpace is a visual analysis software which is designed for scientific literature research, and its cluster analysis is used to find the foci and display it in a visual way [20,21], which can help to explore the research foci, the evolution trend, and the frontier of the field of biomass energy technology. From the visual graphs generated through CiteSpace, the trend foci which were found and expressed in the keywords and clusters are in accordance with the characteristics of technological paradigm theory [22][23][24]. ...
Renewable energy plays a significant role in the world for obvious environmental and economic reasons with respect to the increasing energy crisis and fossil fuel environmental problems. Biomass energy, one of the most promising renewable energy technologies, has drawn increasing attention in recent years. However, biomass technologies still vary without an integrated framework. Considering the theory of a technological paradigm and implementing a literature analysis, biomass technological development was found to follow a three-stage technological paradigm, which can be divided into: BETP (biomass energy technological paradigm) competition, BETP diffusion, and BETP shift. Further, the literature review indicates that waste, like municipal solid waste (MSW), has the potential to be an important future trend in the world and waste-to-energy (WTE) is designed for sustainable waste management. Among WTE, anaerobic digestion has the potential to produce energy from waste sustainably, safely, and cost-effectively. The new BETP technological framework proposed in this paper may offer new research ideas and provide a significant reference for scholars.
The key factor in sustainable biogas production is a feedstock whose production has no adverse impact on the environment. Since maize cultivation harms the environment, biogas plant operators seek a more sustainable feedstock. Common reed is an invasive species mown as part of wetland conservation measures, or it can be harvested from paludiculture. This study aimed to investigate wet co-digestion of maize silage with 10%, 30%, and 50% content of common reed silage using the biochemical methane potential (BMP) test. In addition, the potential energy generated and avoided greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions were calculated. The substitution of maize silage with 10%, 30%, and 50% content of reed silage reduced the methane (CH4) yield by 13%, 28%, and 35%, respectively. A disadvantage of reed silage addition was increased ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) concentrations in biogas. Although substituting maize silage with reed silage decreases the CH4 yield, the co-digestion of maize and reed biomass from conservation or paludiculture may positively affect environmental aspects of energy generation. The substitution of maize with reed in biogas plants decreases the area used for maize cultivation and reduces GHG emissions.
Increasing urbanization and waste generation along with rapidly depleting fossil fuel reserves and the need for energy security are some of the major global issues the world is facing today. This has led to growing interest in transforming wastes to energy and other value-added products because of its potential of solving the dual issues of waste management as well as energy security. Thus, waste is now being looked upon as a raw material for production of numerous value-added products having the potential to supplement the petroleum feedstock to a large extent, provided it is properly utilized. The book chapter deals with providing an overview of waste as a resource for production of different energy sources—Bioethanol, Biogas and Biohydrogen. It gives an insight into the future when fossil-based economy will be replaced with a sustainable waste-derived circular economy where energy and value-added products will be recovered from discarded materials.
