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This is an evidence review that examines the trends in manufacturing and global supply chains, looking at the international trade, technology and users, and how these may change between now and 2040. The review has been commissioned by the Government Office for Science within the Foresight project. The Foresight Future of Mobility project is run fr...
Citations
... Data on the economic performance is obtained could not be obtained from a database. Commodity costs are based on global market commodity prices and transport costs are based on assumptions on the travelled distance and prices per kilogram per kilometer (Parkhurst & Paddeu, 2019). Storage costs are assumed to be zero, since the use case, a feed company, does not store the commodities. ...
Purpose-The aim of this paper is to propose a method for performance measurement of the livestock feed industry from an environmental and economic perspective. There is a knowledge gap both in the literature and society in the field of performance measurement of the livestock feed industry with environmental concerns. Livestock feed companies need support in the decision-making process to produce environmentally sustainable livestock feed at as low as possible costs. Design/methodology/approach-An environmental performance index for livestock feed is constructed based on techniques of the min-max transformation, the analytic hierarchy process and simple additive weighting. The verified environmental performance index for livestock feed is brought into practice; different scenarios, which all represent a feed composition, are quantitatively compared to a benchmark feed composition. The environmental performance index is validated with an uncertainty analysis and sensitivity analysis. Findings-The constructed environmental performance index for livestock feed is assessed by comparing nine scenarios against a benchmark feed composition. The results indicate that the environmental performance index for the livestock feed industry is technically feasible and effective to measure the performance of the livestock feed industry from an environmental and economic perspective. Research implications-The constructed environmental performance index for livestock feed can serve as a decision-making tool for livestock feed companies. As a response to climate regulations and a market pull, this paper provides a tool for livestock feed companies to select livestock feed compositions with the best performance based on environmental sustainability and economic performance. Originality/value-A new performance measurement method is designed for an environmental performance index for the livestock feed industry. From the literature, environmental sustainability variables are identified. The data on the environmental performance are obtained from a public database as well as a livestock feed company. The created index can contribute to decision-making in the livestock feed industry.
... Sie gelten folglich als vielversprechende Lösung lieferverkehrsbedingter Probleme und werden sowohl in der Wissenschaft als auch Praxis zunehmend untersucht. Eine breite Übersicht zu bestehenden Arbeiten bieten beispielsweise Paddeu et al. (2019), Graf und Anner (2021), Sorooshian et al. (2022) und Engesser et al. (2023), anhand derer die wesentlichen Fahrzeugkonzepte nachfolgend kurz dargestellt werden: ...
... Für die Umsetzung sind standardisierte Kommunikations-und Informationstechnologien notwendig, die auch Interoperabilität zwischen den Automatisierungs-Ökosystemen und der bestehenden Infrastruktur ermöglichen. Rechtliche Rahmenbedingungen und Vorschriften erweisen sich leider noch viel zu häufig als Hemmnis bei der Entwicklung von nachhaltigen und vor allem tragfähigen Geschäftsmodellen (siehe hierzu Paddeu et al. 2019). In diesem Kontext ist die von Engesser et al. (2023) vorgeschlagene Forschungsagenda von entscheidender Bedeutung. ...
... rden. Sie eignen sich besonders für die Zustellung einzelner, kleinformatiger (Express-)Sendungen sowohl im städtischen als auch ländlichen Raum; eine breite Anwendung für die Sendungszustellung auf der letzten Meile ist aufgrund ihres geringen Ladevolumens (ca. 15 bis 16 Drohnen ersetzen ein herkömmliches Lieferfahrzeug) jedoch nicht gegeben (vgl.Paddeu et al. 2019). ...
Zusammenfassung
Mikromobile, insbesondere Lastenräder, haben sich als vielversprechende Lösung für die städtische Mobilität und Logistik etabliert. Um jedoch langfristig relevant und effektiv zu bleiben, müssen sie sich den ständig wandelnden Anforderungen einer zukunftsorientierten Stadtlogistik anpassen. Dieses Kapitel beleuchtet, wie die Integration von Automatisierung und Brennstoffzellentechnologie in Lastenräder nicht nur deren Effizienz und Umweltfreundlichkeit steigert, sondern sie auch als nachhaltige Alternative im städtischen Lieferverkehr positioniert. Es werden sowohl technische als auch praktische Aspekte dieser Innovationen untersucht, um ein umfassendes Bild der nächsten Generation von Mikromobilen in urbanen Räumen zu zeichnen.
... The shipping industry is now better equipped to handle some of the issues that have been presented in the past because of technological advancements in materials, automation and control systems, weather routing systems, computational fluid dynamics, and wind tunnel testing [3]. ...
... Ownership issues require only reputable business houses with sound management experience and financial strength to bid for privatized airports. Mandating airport management experience for future eligibility is crucial (Paddeu et al., 2019). ...
Airport privatization in India has brought about changes in people management practices, driven by various privatization models and the integration of technology and innovation. This review explores the impact of privatization on people management strategies in Indian airports, highlighting challenges, opportunities, and implications. The study synthesizes 84 articles including mainly research articles, online sources (such as news articles and reports), and white papers from reputable sources including Scopus, Web of Science (WoS), EBSCO Host, other relevant case studies, and reports. The change management theory followed by a conceptual framework model is used to comprehensively examine the evolving dynamics of people management in airports post-privatization. It focuses on the role of strategic human resource practices in generating revenue, enhancing customer experiences, and prospering under private ownership or public-private partnerships. The review finds that airport privatization can catalyse operational efficiency, infrastructure development, and customer-centric services. It also emphasizes the importance of aligning organizational strategies with talent management practices to maximize the potential of privatized airports. The review offers strategic insights for policymakers, airport authorities, and scholars on how to channel privatisation's transformative power while ensuring the workforce's well-being, development, and productivity.
... Goodchild and Toy (2018) suggest drones might substantially reduce CO 2 emissions in a mixed delivery system where vans and drones are integrated. Paddeu et al. (2019) point to the critical issue pertaining to the extremely small load they can carry. The interest of relevant logistic stakeholders seems not to be thwarted if one considers the several pilot tests that DHL, Amazon, UPS, and Google 11 have performed (Paddeu & Parkhurst, 2020 Autonomous vehicles can be road-based (driverless cars or trucks) or ground-based (droids). ...
... Besides the expectations in terms of improved road safety across all modes of road transport (private vehicles, public passenger transport, freight transport), there are a few specific anticipated outcomes that drive the implementation of higher LoA for the case of driving professionals (see Figure 1). To begin with, the prospects point out that automated driving at higher LoA (from level 2 onwards) is expected to increase the number of mobility services and intensify total transport activity, enhancing productivity (Brown et al. 2019;Paddeu et al. 2019;Nikitas et al. 2021;WEF 2021), especially in the case of freight transport through solutions of truck platooning, for example. However, a similar expectation is also present in the case of automated services for public passenger transport (Smit et al. 2020; see Table 1). ...
... The increased productivity prospect is partially grounded on arguments anticipating that automation could support more efficient use of professional drivers' working hours, either in the case of intermediate LoA requiring a worker on board (levels 3 and 4) or in cases of workers operating vehicles remotely (level 5) (Paddeu et al. 2019;Smit et al. 2020;WEF 2021). Specifically, when operating vehicles at levels 3 and 4, workers may be able to do non-driving tasks when the automated mode is activated, such as processing documentation, assisting customers, or resting (Paddeu et al. 2019). ...
... The increased productivity prospect is partially grounded on arguments anticipating that automation could support more efficient use of professional drivers' working hours, either in the case of intermediate LoA requiring a worker on board (levels 3 and 4) or in cases of workers operating vehicles remotely (level 5) (Paddeu et al. 2019;Smit et al. 2020;WEF 2021). Specifically, when operating vehicles at levels 3 and 4, workers may be able to do non-driving tasks when the automated mode is activated, such as processing documentation, assisting customers, or resting (Paddeu et al. 2019). What is more, driving in automated mode could help drivers log more consecutive hours (e.g., enabling them to extend the consecutive driving time of 4.5 h allowed by the European driving time directive), a time during which the driver will expectedly "experience less cognitive load" (WEF 2021, p. 22). ...
Debates around the future of work have (re-)emerged strongly as concerns about a new era of workplace automation grow from a plethora of narratives estimating the potential of machine substitution. This research aims to analyse how these perspectives dictate current discussions based on taken-for-granted assumptions about work. The analysis takes the lens of work psychology and delves into the case of automated vehicles (AVs), an oft-debated form of automation by its implications for the transport workforce. We explore how the debate is subdued to a deterministic “metrological universe”, overloading the present epoch with certainty about imaginaries of “driverless futures”. However, when we move our attention beyond the quantitative speculation of future employment and connect automation with the concrete socio-professional realities of transport workers, such imaginaries are deconstructed while key issues regarding the quality of work with AVs emerge. By arguing that such issues remain “forgotten” in dominant technological discussions, bipartite and tripartite actions towards decent work are gathered, considering the institutional constellation in road transport. As future research, we propose to challenge those governance models predicated on the language of AV acceptance, which ultimately places the responsibility of managing the uncertainties that AVs hold on the shoulders of transport workers.
... Smart drones are being utilized for fleet monitoring, industrial inspections, infrastructure monitoring, delivery systems [22], agriculture, supply chain mapping and disaster management [23]. Advanced public services are nowadays capable of conducting complex operations for both natural and man-made hazards [24]. In the past few decades, the responsibilities of the fire services have been significantly progressing from ordinary rescue to technical, radiological and nuclear rescue [25]. ...
... The fourth part constituted the core part of the survey, highlighting sustainable delivery methods-other than traditional delivery-that were based on the advancements of the emerging vehicle automation technology, and on how the participants would prefer to receive their parcels. Four different delivery methods were given as alternatives in the SP experiment [6,30]: ...
As the private sector is under heavy pressure to serve the ever-growing e-commerce market, the potential of implementing new disruptive mobility/logistics services for increasing the level of the current last-mile delivery (LMD) services, is emerging. Vehicle automation technology, characterized by high-capacity utilization and asset intensity, appears to be a prominent response to easing this pressure, while contributing to mitigation of the adverse effects associated with the deployment of LMD activities. This research studied the perceptions of Greek end-users/consumers, regarding the introduction of autonomous/automated/driverless vehicles (AVs) in innovative delivery services. To achieve this, a mixed logit model was developed, based on a Stated Preferences (SP) experiment, designed to capture the demand of alternative last-mile delivery modes/services, such as drones, pods, and autonomous vans, compared to traditional delivery services. The results show that the traditional delivery, i.e., having a dedicated delivery person who picks up the parcels at a consolidation point and delivers them directly to the recipients while driving a non-autonomous vehicle—conventional van, bike, e-bike, e-scooter—remains the most acceptable delivery method. Moreover, the analysis indicated that there is no interest yet in deploying home deliveries with drones or AVs, and that participants are unwilling to pay extra charges for having access to more advanced last-mile delivery modes/services. Thus, it is important to promote the benefits of innovative modes and services for LMD, in order to increase public awareness and receptivity in Greece.
... For this reason, it has indeed been identified as one of the key areas to intervene to meet the emission reduction targets at a global and local scale (CCC 2019). Interventions might include the design and implementation of new specific policies for road freight, but also the development and adoption of new technologies and automation (Jonkeren et al. 2019;Paddeu et al. 2019). In the last decade, autonomous vehicles (AVs) and platooning have drawn high attention from experts and practitioners, due to their high potential to transform transport systems (Patella et al. 2019). ...
... The reduced distance between vehicles allows vehicles to accelerate or brake simultaneously (COMPANION 2016). The adoption of platooning would have an overall positive impact on safety, efficiency, congestion and pollution (Paddeu et al. 2019) and would result in a reduction in fuel consumption for all the vehicles in the platoon (Janssen et al. 2015). Another benefit would be the reduced travel time, which can be estimated in economic terms as approximately 167.7 million US dollars in 2020 (Jo et al. 2019). ...
... Several studies claim that truck platooning will improve both environmental sustainability and profitability of trucks Paddeu et al. 2019), thus the road freight industry might potentially start investing in automation systems earlier than other sectors (Janssen et al. 2015). This is confirmed by other authors (Guerra 2015;Shladover 2017;Wadud and Anable 2016;Paddeu et al. 2019), who argue long-haul truck platooning is more likely to be applied to trucks rather than other road vehicles in the short-to-medium term. ...
Governments, industry and academia are paying high attention to autonomous vehicles and platooning, due to their high potential to transform public and private transport and reduce carbon emissions generated by road transport. The road freight sector is expected to be an early adopter of the autonomous technology due to the potential cost reduction for logistics companies. However, despite the expected fuel savings and polluting emission reductions due to truck platooning, actual benefits would strongly depend on the adopted technology and the operational conditions of the system. This paper investigates the potential for truck platooning to reduce carbon emissions from road freight, presenting a series of scenarios that vary by adoption rates, operational models and platoon size. Scenarios were co-designed with freight stakeholders to build a Truck Platooning Roadmap (2025–2050), considering a specific case study: the UK. Polluting emissions and related external costs are calculated across the different scenarios. Results show that there is high uncertainty for the adoption of truck platooning, with a potential first phase involving a small pool of low-automated trucks, and a second phase with a larger pool of high-automated trucks, reflecting higher economic and environmental benefits. A series of other technological and policy considerations are presented to support policymakers to draw a zero-carbon road freight strategy.
Graphic abstract
... If the receivers live in high rise apartment, this space might not be available. Other issues also need to adhere such as the security aspects, noise pollution, changing the current air space regulation and difficult to operation during bad weather could jeopardize the efficient operations of drones [35]. ...
This article is discussing the basic trend and challenges in city logistics operations. The role of each actor in city logistics has been highlighted. The actors have enabled city logistics to generates the main benefits for the city logistics operations need to focus. Critical trends and challenges that contributed towards city logistics development has shown that city logistics efficiency need to be addressed to ensure sustainable impact to the cities. Different approaches in making the city logistics operations were implemented to ensure that the customers get their possession according to the stipulated time. The usage of new technology has also assisted in enhancing the efficiency of city logistics deliveries. By providing the right strategies, the objective of achieving sustainable city logistics can be obtained.
