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Background: Heart rate variability (HRV) is the change in time intervals between heart beats, reflecting the autonomic nervous system’s ability to adapt to psychological and physiological demands. Slow breathing enhances parasympathetic activity, increasing HRV. Pranayama, a yoga breathing technique, affords the conscious regulation of respiration...
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Context 1
... deviation of heart rate (Table 6) was significantly different between conditions (χ r 2 (45,2) = 27.94, p < 0.001, W = 0.31). ...Context 2
... comparisons revealed difference among all conditions (complete baseline T = 4.430, p < 0.001, r = 0.47; complete abdominal T = 3.957, p < 0.001, r = 0.42; abdominal baseline T = 2.988, p = 0.003, r = 0.31). Table 6. Descriptive statistics for estimated temporal parameters, standard deviation of heart rate, proportion of NN50 divided by the total number of RR intervals, root mean square of successive differences, heart rate variability triangular index and standard deviation RR interval, SD1, SD2 and SD1/SD2, for each condition. ...Context 3
... breathing afforded the greatest variation around the mean heart frequency, followed by abdominal breathing (Table 6). ...Context 4
... were no significant differences between conditions in the proportion of pairs of normal-to-normal intervals that differed by more than 50 ms (pNN50). However, the maximum value and mean and standard deviation were found to be inferior during the breathing yoga techniques (Table 6). No significant differences were observed between conditions in rMSSD, with a slight reduction in mean and standard deviation values and a superior minimum value during yoga breathing techniques (Table 6). ...Context 5
... the maximum value and mean and standard deviation were found to be inferior during the breathing yoga techniques (Table 6). No significant differences were observed between conditions in rMSSD, with a slight reduction in mean and standard deviation values and a superior minimum value during yoga breathing techniques (Table 6). ...Context 6
... results of the paired comparisons indicated there were no statistically significant differences between the two yoga techniques (complete abdominal T = 1.930, p = 0.054). However, there were significant differences between these techniques and the baseline (complete baseline T = 3.950, p < 0.001, r = 0.42; abdominal baseline T = 3.443, p < 0.001, r = 0.36), with superior minimum and mean values, which were further supported by a lower standard deviation (Table 6). ...Context 9
... bradypnea, decreased rMSSD and pNN50 were observed [70], as in our study during breathing yoga techniques (Table 6), which is usually associated with sympathetic activation. This pattern probably occurred because, in this study, the mean breathing frequency was very low, around four cycles per minute (0.05 Hz), for both yoga techniques (Table 3), so within the LF spectral power (0.04-0.15 Hz). ...