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This cross-sectional study examines the relationship between poor employee well-being (PEWB) and work-related mental ill-health and substance consumption (MIH). It is proposed as a unification model that links both work-related negative consequences on the basis of the experiences of threat, loss, and frustration at work. PEWB contains the followin...
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... Other authors, such as Martín [38], have been concerned with understanding what an environment poor in well-being is and exploring the relationships with mental health symptoms. However, all of this is challenging given the complexity of the world of work, which is continuously changing. ...
... We chose these questionnaires with the intention that the first questionnaire would allow us to identify common psychological symptoms. We consider that an indicator of this nature is in line with Marchand and Durand [42] and Martín [38]. Taking inspiration from the WHO's positive concept of health, as we mentioned earlier, should not mean denying the psychic changes already experienced by workers. ...
... Thus, among those grouped into Demands, Contradictions, and Material Conditions, we have already commented that the impairment between Demands, Material Precariousness, and Physical Environment can signal stress, following the model of demands and control of the environment. So, we understand that the shared variance of these factors and health profiles corroborate previous studies that point to the role of stress preceding mental illness [38,42,67]. It also corroborates the findings, in Brazil, by Costa and Souza Neto [1], mentioned in the introduction, who observed a tendency towards an imbalance between competence requirements, work overload, and the identification of the public servant with their activities. ...
The highest prevalence of mental illnesses and mental suffering in contemporary society has raised awareness of the theme and their connection to work. In Brazil, university servants (professors and technical-administrative staff) are a focused occupational group. We developed this research with the objective of exploring the relationship between the perception of working conditions and the mental health of these servants. Structured questionnaires were applied to 285 servants, 33.5% being professors and 66.5% technical-administrative staff. Regarding working conditions, the questionnaires included items that measured 15 primary factors and questions about their contracts and legal conditions. To evaluate mental health, the participants answered a questionnaire about common psychic symptoms, negative and positive affects, self-esteem, and family-work conflict. We composed groups of participants according to their mental health indicator scores (cluster analysis), and after that, we compared the mean scores in working conditions for the groups. Then, we found that the mean scores of 13 from the 15 working condition factors were significantly different between the mental health groups. Our results showed the importance of improving working conditions in universities to prevent mental illnesses. Understanding the content of each working condition factor presents potency to contribute to defining the priorities among different aspects of working conditions.
... They also signaled the moderating and controlling role of aspects such as: psychosocial conditions (gender, life cycle, stressful vital events, and psychic traits), economic variables (related to the company and the markets), and unionization. However, like Martín (2010), despite contributing to the recognition of the nexus between work and health, covering the mental health background aspects of different levels of analysis, from individual to societal, they considered only changes or psychic disorders as health indicators. Such models apprehend distinct and complementary aspects of the relationship between mental health and work and, as a whole, expand the possibility of analysis. ...
... Structured questionnaires.To understand the participants' mental health conditions, we chose questionnaires based on the mental health indicators ofWarr's model (1987) and included a measure of psychic disorders, considering studies by other authors (e.g., C.Fernandes & Pereira, 2016;Kotera, Green, & Sheffield, 2019;Marchand & Durand, 2011;Martín, 2010;Palma Contreras, Ahumada Muñoz, & Ansoleaga Moreno, 2018;Rabelo, Silva, & Lima, 2018;Seaton et al., 2019). We applied the following questionnaires: ...
We compared the living and working conditions and mental health between miners who worked in Mariana when the Fundão dam broke, to other miners who worked in another city. We based our work on the ecological, social causation, biopsychosocial models, and other contributions. We applied the General Health Questionnaire-12, Rosenberg's self-esteem scale, and the Work-Family Conflict scales to 164 miners, interviewing 25 of them. We observed that the living and working conditions of the miners of Mariana differ unfavorably and are more prone to common mental disorders. The impoverishment of the social environment, the loss of social support, the increasing conflicts in families , the attribution of guilt for the dam collapse, and the economic decline of the city contributed to accentuating feelings of malaise, depression, and anxiety.
... Three scores can be derived from the Irritation Scale: cognitive irritation, emotional irritation, and an overall irritation score. The remaining studies either used the Work-Related Rumination Scale (Cropley and Millward Purvis, 2003) or irritation items reported in other studies (Büssing, 1996; Caplan et al., 1980; Felfe et al., 1994; Jacobsson et al., 2001; Martín, 2010). Age and workrelated stress and Eder (2005), we classified each study which investigated a single occupational group into one of the six categories (realistic, investigative, artistic, social, enterprising, and conventional) according to Holland's (1997) taxonomy/classification schema. ...
Purpose - The ongoing demographic changes in many industrialized countries affect managerial decisions in many ways, and require sound knowledge of systematic age differences in central work-related variables. The current paper aims to address age differences in the experience of work-related stress. Based on life-span approaches, the authors focus on age differences in different components of the work-related stress process and meta-analyze existing empirical studies on the relationship between age and short-term indicators of work-related stress (i.e. irritation). Design/methodology/approach - The authors conduct both a literature review and a meta-analysis of age and indicators of work-related stress. Findings - The literature review revealed that age might affect several components of the stress process at work. However, as these effects are partly conflicting, they might nullify each other in the overall relation between age and stress. Indeed, the conducted meta-analysis showed no general correlation between age and irritation as a short-term indicator of work-related stress. Instead, this relationship was significantly moderated by type of occupation and gender. Research limitations/implications - The meta-analytic results are limited to short-term indicators of stress. Based on both the literature review and the meta-analytical findings, the authors introduce a research agenda for future research, including a call for more thorough research on the whole work-stress process and the integration of life-span theories. Practical implications - A more differentiated understanding of age differences in different stages of the stress process at work facilitates the implementation of age-differentiated stress prevention and intervention strategies. Originality/value - This study is the first meta-analysis on the relationship between age and short-term consequences of work-related stress.
... El bienestar laboral se define sobre las dimensiones cognitiva, afectiva, conductual, física y social del trabajador en su trabajoen consonancia con otros autores (Vg., González, Peiró y Bravo, 1996)-, y la salud mental en el trabajo, como la ausencia de síntomas o alteraciones mentales y consumos debidos al trabajo. Los dominios de bienestar y salud en el trabajo, fijados ahora con mayor precisión, han facilitado el estudio de sus relaciones intrínsecas (Duro, 2010). ...
En este estudio se examina la validez de constructos y se explora la estructura factorial de las escalas de medida de un modelo unificado para explicar el bienestar laboral y la salud mental en el trabajo. El modelo comprende cuatro grupos de condiciones teóricas básicas: (i) condiciones de trabajo, (ii) condiciones de
adaptación, (iii) condiciones de ajuste, y (iv) condiciones de experiencia subjetiva – bienestar y salud en el trabajo. Su instrumento de medida, la Encuesta de Calidad de Vida y Salud Laborales, consta de 15 escalas y 166 ítems. Con un diseño transversal, 719 trabajadores participantes cumplimentaron la encuesta en su puesto de trabajo o domicilio. En general, los resultados del análisis factorial exploratorio respaldan los constructos del modelo, clarificando el contenido de sus escalas Los factores extraídos son teóricamente interpretables y explican un porcentaje aceptable de la varianza. La fiabilidad de las escalas y factores normalmente es elevada.
... They also signaled the moderating and controlling role of aspects such as: psychosocial conditions (gender, life cycle, stressful vital events, and psychic traits), economic variables (related to the company and the markets), and unionization. However, like Martín (2010), despite contributing to the recognition of the nexus between work and health, covering the mental health background aspects of different levels of analysis, from individual to societal, they considered only changes or psychic disorders as health indicators. Such models apprehend distinct and complementary aspects of the relationship between mental health and work and, as a whole, expand the possibility of analysis. ...
... Structured questionnaires.To understand the participants' mental health conditions, we chose questionnaires based on the mental health indicators ofWarr's model (1987) and included a measure of psychic disorders, considering studies by other authors (e.g., C.Fernandes & Pereira, 2016;Kotera, Green, & Sheffield, 2019;Marchand & Durand, 2011;Martín, 2010;Palma Contreras, Ahumada Muñoz, & Ansoleaga Moreno, 2018;Rabelo, Silva, & Lima, 2018;Seaton et al., 2019). We applied the following questionnaires: ...
Las investigaciones sobre valores humanos se han incrementado bajo la influencia de la teoría de los tipos motivacionales que abarca una tipología de valores y una estructura dinámica. En dicha perspectiva, se han desarrollado cuestionarios para la medición de los distintos tipos de valores, siendo uno de ellos el Portrait Values Questionnaire (PVQ). En Brasil existe la necesidad de contar con instrumentos de investigación útiles para segmentos de la población de bajo nivel educativo. En la presente investigación se aplicó el referido cuestionario a 474 trabajadores de sectores económicos en los que predomina un nivel educativo bajo. Para analizar las respuestas se aplicaron el análisis factorial (AF) y el smallest space analysis (SSA). A partir de los resultados del AF se identificó una estructura con cuatro factores—Pacifismo-hedónico, Poder, Religiosidad y Conformidad—mientras que gracias al SSA se identificaron siete tipos de valores: Poder-logro, Poder-estimulación, Autodirección, Hedonismo Religioso, Universalismo, Benevolencia y Conformidad. Los resultados revelaron que, entre las personas de bajo nivel formativo, las diferencias entre tipos de valores pierden en exactitud pero presentan nuevos sentidos.
