Confirmatory factor model Note. JO = Enjoyment; HO = Hope; PR = Pride; AX = Anxiety; BO = Boredom.

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Factor loadings in the CFA for latent variables in all samples

Fit indices for CFA of EFL-related AEQ across gender and grade

Manifest intercorrelations and internal consistency of the EFL-related...

Fit indices for measurement invariance across gender and grade groups

Investigating latent mean differences in achievement emotions among Chinese secondary EFL learners: A gender and grade perspective

Article

Full-text available

May 2024

Kunbang Wang
Yajun Wu
Xia Kang

The control-value theory (CVT) of achievement emotions posits that achievement emotions are significantly associated with the key indicators of academic outcomes, including academic motivation, engagement, and performance. Existing studies have tested the theoretical hypothesis of the CVT in a variety of cultures, disciplines, and samples. However,...