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Configuration of three-phase SCES-MMC and its sub-module: (a) Three-phase SCES-MMC topology; (b) SCES-SM.
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This paper proposes a super capacitor energy storage-based modular multilevel converter (SCES-MMC) for mine hoist application. Different from the conventional MMCs, the sub-modules employ distributed super capacitor banks, which are designed to absorb the regenerative energy of mine hoist and released in the traction condition, so as to improve ene...
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Voltage source converter-based high-voltage direct current transmission system (VSC-HVDC) technology has been widely used. However, traditional half-bridge sub module (HBSM)-based module multilevel converter (MMC) cannot block a DC fault current. This paper proposes that a full-bridge director switches based multi-level converter can offer features...
Citations
... Normally, large capacitors are used to suppress the voltage ripple in an MMC. In [12], a supercapacitor-based MMC topology was proposed, and the super capacitor was added in each submodule. However, a large number of submodules are usually cascaded to achieve a high voltage level in the MMC, resulting in MMCs with expensive large capacitors. ...
Modular multilevel converters (MMCs) will be widely applied in onboard integrated power systems due to their high levels of electric power output and good-quality sine waveform outputs. However, the capacitor voltage of MMCs fluctuates greatly because the charge–discharge process of the capacitor is continuous when the system is working. In order to reduce voltage ripples efficiently, a capacitor voltage ripple-suppression strategy employing a reversed PWM switching channel is proposed in this paper. For one pair of the upper and lower arm submodules, a switching channel is built. Then, the highest ripple voltage possible can be offset since the voltage fluctuation direction of the upper and the lower arm capacitors would be reversed. In addition, a clamping capacitor is added to the switching channel to further suppress the fluctuation voltage by 78%. Compared to traditional large capacitance suppression methods, only 12% capacitance is used in the proposed method. The reliability and power density of the proposed MMC both increased, and there are no additional losses compared with previous voltage ripple suppression methods. The effectiveness of the proposed voltage ripple suppression strategy is verified by simulation results.
... The MMC shows good prospects for HVDC transmission. But the complex controls (e.g., capacitor voltage balancing control and circulating current suppression control) and relative high primary investment make the MMC less attractive in medium-voltage applications [13]. ...
Multilevel converters are well suited for high-power and high-quality power conversion. This paper presents a new seven-level V-clamp multilevel converter (VMC) with reduced clamping devices. All phases of the VMC share common DC-link capacitors and realize bidirectional power conversion without flying capacitors. Each branch of the VMC sustains only a single-level voltage of the DC-link capacitors during its commutation process. Hence, the series switches can be controlled as simple as one switch and the dynamic voltage unbalancing issue is avoided. In this paper, the operation principle and the modulation method of the VMC are analyzed in detail. In addition, compensation control for non-ideal factors is designed to improve the output performance. The output fundamental distortion is compensated and the harmonics are reduced. Finally, a laboratory prototype of the seven-level VMC is set up to verify the feasibility of the presented topology and analysis.
... 流器类似 [18,19] ...
In this paper, modular multilevel converter (MMC) based super capacitor energy storage system (SCESS) is employed as the front end of electrical energy router (EER) to access medium voltage distribution network. Utilization of energy storage capacity is limited by the state of charge (SOC) of each energy sub-module (ESM). To solve SOC balancing control issues, the concept of SOC equalization factor is introduced into the mathematical model. Then a modified SOC equalization control strategy among phase legs, upper and lower arms and ESMs in the same arm is obtained. Simulation results show that the proposed control strategy improves robustness and dynamic performance of the system, especially suitable for EER applications in future energy system.
... Many application areas in which supercapacitors are used can be mentioned like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that needs very short pulses with high current [2] or fuel cell supercapacitor hybrid bus, where the supercapacitor satisfy the dynamic power demand [3]. In addition, the supercapacitor can be used for the integration of a photovoltaic power plant [4], grid integration of renewable energies [5] and the improvement of energy utilization for mine hoist applications [6]. However, many applications are limited by the self-discharge behavior in wireless sensor network applications [7], where the new techniques of chemical modification to suppress this phenomenon are shown in reference [8] and reference [9]. ...
Supercapacitors with characteristics such as high power density, long cycling life, fast charge, and discharge response are used in different applications like hybrid and electric vehicles, grid integration of renewable energies, or medical equipment. The parametric identification and the supercapacitor model selection are two complex processes, which have a critical impact on the system design process. This paper shows a comparison of the six commonly used supercapacitor models, as well as a general and straightforward identification parameter procedure based on Simulink or Simscape and the Optimization Toolbox of Matlab®. The proposed procedure allows for estimating the different parameters of every model using a different identification current profile. Once the parameters have been obtained, the performance of each supercapacitor model is evaluated through two current profiles applied to hybrid electric vehicles, the urban driving cycle (ECE-15 or UDC) and the hybrid pulse power characterization (HPPC). The experimental results show that the model accuracy depends on the identification profile, as well as the robustness of each supercapacitor model. Finally, some model and identification current profile recommendations are detailed.
... Thanks to the increasing spread and development of performing microprocessors, the computation time of controller processors has been drastically reduced over the past decade, allowing the implementation of more and more complex control architectures. This fact, combined with the current more and more pressing issue of increased efficiency in each industrial field (e.g., in power generation [1][2][3][4], the transport sector [5][6][7], energy utilization [8,9], renewable energy [10][11][12], and so on), strongly favors the development and implementation of more sophisticated control theories, such as model-based ones. Among model-based control techniques experiencing wide popularity, model predictive control (MPC) [13][14][15], feedback linearization (FBL) [16,17], and sliding mode (SM) control [18] stand out. ...
Model-based control techniques have been gaining more and more interest these days. These complex control systems are mostly based on theories, such as feedback linearization, model predictive control, adaptive and robust control. In this paper the latter approach is investigated, in particular, sliding mode (SM) control is analyzed. While several works on the description and application of SM control on single-input single-output systems can easily be found, its application on multi-input multi-output systems is not examined in depth at the same level. Hence, this work aims at formalizing some theoretical complements about the necessary conditions for the feasibility of the SM control for multi-input-multi-output systems. Furthermore, in order to obtain the desired performance from the control system, a method for parameter tuning is proposed in the particular case in which the relative degree of the controlled channels is equal to one. Finally, a simple control problem example is shown with the aim of stressing the benefits derived from the application of the theoretical complements described here.
... One of the non-traditional ways is to store the energy in the super capacitors that are integral directly to the power converters. [10] VII. CONCLUSION Electrical Energy Router is a promising solution of some of the problems that arose with the transformation of the electrical energy grids into smart grids and with the accommodation of continuously growing amount of energy generated from renewable power sources. ...
... Mine hoisting work and the related operation status directly influence the safety of coal production and that of the operating personnel [1,2]. Studies on fault diagnosis methods for mine hoists are crucial to ensure safe, stable, reliable, and healthy mine operation. ...
To reduce the difficulty of acquiring and transmitting data in mining hoist fault diagnosis systems and to mitigate the low efficiency and unreasonable reasoning process problems, a fault diagnosis method for mine hoisting equipment based on the Internet of Things (IoT) is proposed in this study. The IoT requires three basic architectural layers: a perception layer, network layer, and application layer. In the perception layer, we designed a collaborative acquisition system based on the ZigBee short distance wireless communication technology for key components of the mine hoisting equipment. Real-time data acquisition was achieved, and a network layer was created by using long-distance wireless General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) transmission. The transmission and reception platforms for remote data transmission were able to transmit data in real time. A fault diagnosis reasoning method is proposed based on the improved Dezert-Smarandache Theory (DSmT) evidence theory, and fault diagnosis reasoning is performed. Based on interactive technology, a humanized and visualized fault diagnosis platform is created in the application layer. The method is then verified. A fault diagnosis test of the mine hoisting mechanism shows that the proposed diagnosis method obtains complete diagnostic data, and the diagnosis results have high accuracy and reliability.
In this paper, modular multilevel converter (MMC) based super capacitor energy storage system (SCESS) is employed as the front end of electrical energy router (EER) to access medium voltage distribution network. The utilization of the energy storage capacity is limited by the state of charge (SOC) of each energy sub module (ESM). To solve the SOC balancing control issues, the concept of SOC equalization factor is introduced in the mathematical model. Then a modified SOC equalization control strategy among phase legs, upper and lower arms and ESMs in the same arm is obtained. The simulation results show that the proposed control strategy improves the robustness and dynamic performance of the system, especially suitable for the EER applications in the future energy system.
