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... Further, Ibadan's peri-urban areas are predominantly residential, largely because they provide low-cost housing for Indigenous and non-Indigenous people who cannot afford rents in the core city and surrounding areas. This has stimulated an active land market in the periphery of the city compared to the core urban area, where the state strictly enforces and monitors land-use changes and ensures compliance with well-formed regulations (Adelekan et al. 2014;Alabi, Babalola, and Popoola 2021). In the periphery of Ibadan, land is available not only for housing but also for agricultural, industrial, commercial, and mining purposes. ...
... However, this situation makes land-governance activity more engaging in Ibadan peri-urban areas. The state of land governance in Ibadan has been well researched (Adelekan et al. 2014; Babalola 2023; Obuene, Akanle, and Omobowale 2022; Olaniran and Ashaolu 2017), but little is known about women's position on governance elements that matter in land administration. This, however, is the motivation behind this research. ...
The potential of land to foster peace, stability, and socioeconomic development makes "good" land governance a pathway through which cities can attain sustainable development. However, for land governance to achieve most of its objectives, it has to meet the demands of vulnerable populations, particularly women, since they also need to meet their housing needs. By employing importance-performance analysis (IPA), this study examines the importance of land governance attributes to women in the Ibadan urban periphery, as well as the corresponding performance of the attributes. One hundred and eight seven questionnaires, randomly administered to women across neighbourhoods in the sampled peripheries, were recovered for analysis. Results revealed that performance was unsatisfactory and inconsistent with their expectations. In particular, attributes under transparency, equity, and corruption resistance in land administration, though highly important, significantly underperformed. These attributes were recommended as areas to prioritise to protect women's interests and, by extension, promote gender equality in the urban periphery of Ibadan. ARTICLE HISTORY
... Personal observation from producer households affirmed that the city core lodges the bulk of the vegetables produced within urban and peri-urban landscapes of Ilorin. Therefore, the argument by Adelekan et al. (2014) that the practice of UA is more peri-urban than core (to the extent of 90 percent) in most cities of the world might have overstretched the facts because it is not applicable everywhere, as it fails to identify the distinct role of natural resources like inland rivers. Due to the expanding farm sizes along the intra-peri-urban transect, World Bank studies conducted in four cities only estimated the percentage of peri-urban producers at about 75% (World Bank, 2013). ...
Growing food in upper- and lower-income countries commands different connotations and dimensions. Urban agriculture (UA) is increasingly an essential urban fabric and a critical enabler of sustainable development goals (SDGs) 1 and 2. However, this study analyses the practice of UA in open spaces within the Ilorin metropolis. The study employed the use of primary and secondary data. Questionnaire administration, interview guide, digital cameras, UA survey form, and GPS all sufficed for the instrumentation of the study. The main findings showed that in Ilorin city, 14.34Ha (31.4 percent in the core) of land was dedicated to UA, which could at least help 1500 families escape poverty. Through Average Nearest Neighbour Analysis (ANNA), the spatial analysis revealed that UA sites were clustered and not randomly distributed. Secondly, this study affirmed through mean analysis that vegetables (3.09), maise (2.86), cassava (2.64), millet/sorghum (2.46), and yam (2.31) were the dominant food staples grown in Ilorin UA sites. Lastly, access to land, failed harvest due to pest/disease, price collapse, and adverse weather events were the leading challenges affecting the practice of UA in the Ilorin metropolis. The study then affirms the need for city-level integration of UA to recognise the rights of the urban poor and UA into the land-use plan within the Ilorin metropolis.
... Kathmandu Metropolitan city's urban growth rate was 3.94% during 2010-2015; In the valley, the urbanized area increased from 5.1% in 1989 to 26.06 % in 2016 (Ishtiaque et al., 2017). Since 1980, there has been an increase in urban sprawl in the valley (Dixit et al., 2014). As the Kathmandu Valley is a bowl shape with a high concentration of particulate matter and gases, temperature inversion can also accelerate the higher temperature in the cities (Islam et al., 2020). ...
The rate of urbanization growth has accelerated and made urban areas comparatively warmer than surroundings which are the main issues of urban heat worldwide. The Kathmandu Valley is one of the million plus cities with the fastest rate of urbanization and consequent extreme heat. In this study, urban heat was analyzed using both in-situ and satellite-based observation and estimated temperature lapse rate. The Mann Kendell test, Sen's slope, raster image analysis and lapse rate estimation methods were used. The results showed that average temperature difference in between urban core and surrounding was 4.07°C from 1990 to 2020. Likewise, the summer day temperature in Putalisadak was 8.8°C higher than the Nagarkot. The maximum temperature has increased in all stations where Godavari station has increased significantly (0.073°Cyr −1 , p<0.0001). During all seasons, the daytime temperature is higher than the nighttime temperature. The maximum 32.86°C daytime temperature was recorded on August 4, 1pm and the minimum temperature was 3.67°C on Jan 20, 6am, 2020 at the city core. Similarly, the highest temperature was recorded at 31°C in Bagbazar and 33°C in Patan on July 10 and July 11, 2022 respectively when the humidity was lower. Satellite-based observation also shows that the urban heat scenario of the Kathmandu Valley was higher in the urban core which was ranges from 21.06 to 26.09 during 2000-2020. The temperature of the city has increased. However, temperature lapse rate in response to Nagarkot (reference station) is normal i.e decreased temperature in response to increased height. The higher lapse rate is generally found in the Godavari and lower was observed in the Machhegaoun. Overall, the Kathmandu Valley is getting more warmer compared to the surroundings. This comprehensive study is useful to explore the understanding of urban heat islands and temperature lapse rate in the major cities in compared to the surroundings in Nepal.
... This study was conducted within Ibadan metropolis, Oyo State, located in South-Western Nigeria, 128 km inland northeast of Lagos and 530 km southwest of Abuja, the federal capital. Ibadan ( Figure 1) is located between latitude 3°3′ N and 4°10′ N and longitude 7°2′ E and 7°40′ E. Ibadan with a total area of 3123 km 2 , as reported by (Adelekan et al., 2014), has eleven local governments, of which five are urban, which constitute the 'Ibadan Metropolitan Region', and six are semiurban areas. The Ibadan Metropolis, Nigeria, is an urban study area with diverse habitat types and a mix of activities such as residential and commercial. ...
Urbanisation and its associated habitat loss and fragmentation are considered a major
threat to wildlife. In this study, we assessed the predictors of bird species abundance,
richness and composition within 70 cells of 500 m by 500 m spread across the five
urban areas constituting Ibadan metropolis. A total of 4167 individuals of 55 species
belonging to 30 families were recorded. We report that Laughing dove Streptopelia
senegalensis, Speckled pigeon Columba guinea and Yellow-billed
kite Milvus aegyptius
contributed to a greater proportion of bird abundance across sites and Columbidae
was the most abundant bird family. Bird species richness increased significantly with
tree abundance but decreased significantly with the number of pedestrians. Similarly,
foraging guild richness declined significantly with the number of pedestrians.
Granivores and scavengers constituted the most abundant foraging guilds. Areas with
high pedestrians' traffic were associated with fewer trees and were dominated by
fewer numbers of species belonging to a few foraging guilds. This is likely because
such areas offer limited foraging opportunities or cover from potential predators.
We conclude that improving urban landscape characteristics through revegetation,
establishment of green spaces and buffering from human disturbance will improve the
composition and richness of avian species in the Ibadan metropolis.
... The total population of Ibadan was about 2.5 million from the last national census conducted in 2006 and is currently estimated to be over 3 million [12]. While the majority of Ibadan residents are traders, many are civil servants and farmers producing a variety of agricultural products that contribute to the food system serving the urban population [13]. The climatic condition characterized by warm temperature, humid conditions, and high rainfalls in Nigeria and in the study location makes the setting endemic for malaria with detrimental impact on pregnant women and children aged under five years old [14]. ...
Introduction:
socio-economic status (SES), especially for women, influence access to care. This study aimed to determine the relationship between SES and uptake of malaria intervention by pregnant women and non-pregnant mothers of children under 5 years old in Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria.
Methods:
this cross-sectional study was conducted at Adeoyo teaching hospital located in Ibadan, Nigeria. The hospital-based study population included consenting mothers. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered modified validated demographic health survey questionnaire. The statistical analysis involved both descriptive (mean, count, frequency) and inferential statistics (Chi-square, logistic regression). Level of statistical significance was set at 0.05.
Results:
mean age of the study´s total of 1373 respondents was 29 years (SD: 5.2). Of these, 60% (818) were pregnant. The non-pregnant mothers of children under five years old showed a significantly increased odds (OR: 7.55, 95% CI: 3.81, 14.93) for the uptake of malaria intervention. Within the low SES category, women aged 35 years and above were significantly less likely to utilize malaria intervention (OR=0.08; 95% CI: 0.01-0.46; p=0.005) compared to those younger. In the middle SES, women who have one or two children were 3.51 times more likely than women with three or more children to utilize malaria intervention (OR=3.51; 95% CI: 1.67-7.37; p=0.001).
Conclusion:
the findings provide evidence that age, maternal grouping, and parity within the SES category can significantly impact on uptake of malaria interventions. There is a need for strategies to boost the SES of women because they play significant roles in the wellbeing of members of the home.
... Six of the total of 11 Local Government Areas that constitute Ibadan ( Figure 1) are classified as peri-urban settlements, while the remaining five are classified as urban metropolitan settlements. The proportions of the areas dedicated to urban and peri-urban land use amount to 15% and 85% of the total land area respectively (Adelekan et al., 2014). ...
Urban expansion, mainly occasioned by poorly controlled physical development, continues to pose severe threats to sustainable food production. While studies have concentrated more on food production in the hinterlands of Nigeria, there is a dearth of information on empirical investigations into urban food supply. This study, therefore, examined the effect of poorly controlled physical development on urban food production in Ibadan. An ecological footprint model was used to provide its theoretical anchor, while a longitudinal survey was the research design of choice. Both primary and secondary data were sourced. Geographical and remote sensing methods of analysis were used, with the primary focus being on Ibadan City and the dairy farm that has been converted to non-agricultural uses. This research revealed that Ibadan's total urban area increased from 70.3584 ha in 1986 to 411.8877 ha in 2019. This expansion was accompanied by the loss of agricultural land, the depletion of water bodies, and agricultural land conversion. Validation of the research findings revealed a relatively high accuracy in terms of the Kappa value of 0.72 and an overall classification accuracy of 79.17% for 1986, of 0.84 and 88.33% for 2000, and of 0.91 and 92.5% for 2019. This study recommends that farmers should be trained on soilless farming practices such as aeroponics and hydroponics which both require relatively small portions of land to produce food.
... It can offer revenue diversification and employment, particularly for the urban underprivileged and susceptible clusters, thus enhancing the comfort of billions of persons worldwide (El Bilali et al., 2013). For example, more than two-thirds of peri-urban farmers in Ibadan, Nigeria, sell over half of their agricultural produce in Ibadan and nearby towns (Adelekan et al., 2014). Also, peri-urban farming is supposed to produce an ''opportunity cost'', whereby local producers can either save income by consuming home-produced foodstuffs cheaper to have than buying, and increase income selling or selling their products. ...
... Rapid urban expansion and population upsurge in peri-urban regions negatively affect farming land availability (Adelekan et al., 2014). For example, urban transition in peri-urban interface within Lagos-Nigeria can be traced to numerous factors including socio-demography, linkages to the cities, availability of basic services, availability and affordability of housing for the lowincome migrants and the state government policy on land use. ...
Peri-urban agriculture plays an essential role in achieving sustainable development, especially in developing nations. The purpose of this chapter is to present the potentials of peri-urban farming in Nigeria, with a particular interest in geospatial tools for its establishment and assessment. Various aspects of peri-urban farming are covered, including the concept of peri-urban interface, peri-urban agriculture, significant functions of peri-urban agriculture, challenges of peri-urban agriculture, and geospatial tools for establishment and monitoring of peri-urban farming scheme. This chapter's content demonstrates that peri-urban agricultural practice can sustain the livelihood and ecological balance in Nigeria. Of course, it contributes to food security, employment opportunity, climate change adaptation and mitigation, etc. However, peri-urban agriculture and the environments its production systems rely upon are under threats by rapid urbanization. Thus, a modern method is required for the assessment of the peri-urban landscape and the activities therein. In this regards, geospatial technology allows a cost-effective manner for farmlands to be quickly established and monitored.
... It can offer revenue diversification and employment, particularly for the urban underprivileged and susceptible clusters, thus enhancing the comfort of billions of persons worldwide (El Bilali et al., 2013). For example, more than two-thirds of peri-urban farmers in Ibadan, Nigeria, sell over half of their agricultural produce in Ibadan and nearby towns (Adelekan et al., 2014). Also, peri-urban farming is supposed to produce an ''opportunity cost'', whereby local producers can either save income by consuming home-produced foodstuffs cheaper to have than buying, and increase income selling or selling their products. ...
... Rapid urban expansion and population upsurge in peri-urban regions negatively affect farming land availability (Adelekan et al., 2014). For example, urban transition in peri-urban interface within Lagos-Nigeria can be traced to numerous factors including socio-demography, linkages to the cities, availability of basic services, availability and affordability of housing for the lowincome migrants and the state government policy on land use. ...
The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals towards achieving a better and more sustainable future has ensuring availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all as its sixth goal. So many programmes have been put in place by the Nigerian government towards improving water supply and sanitation but are yet to meet the United Nations targets towards achieving this goal. This study aims to discuss innovative approaches to meeting water deficit challenges in rural areas in Nigeria as a step towards achieving the SDGs. The evolution of water supply and a historical review of rural water supply and sanitation in Nigeria was analysed. The benefits of improved water supply were deduced and subdivided into direct – relatively quick changes at individual household level - and indirect – longer term - benefits. Approaches towards solving water deficit such as Management strategy, capacity development, stakeholders’ workshop, stakeholders’ collaborations and promoting standards and surveillance was recommended.
... It can offer revenue diversification and employment, particularly for the urban underprivileged and susceptible clusters, thus enhancing the comfort of billions of persons worldwide (El Bilali et al., 2013). For example, more than two-thirds of peri-urban farmers in Ibadan, Nigeria, sell over half of their agricultural produce in Ibadan and nearby towns (Adelekan et al., 2014). Also, peri-urban farming is supposed to produce an ''opportunity cost'', whereby local producers can either save income by consuming home-produced foodstuffs cheaper to have than buying, and increase income selling or selling their products. ...
... Rapid urban expansion and population upsurge in peri-urban regions negatively affect farming land availability (Adelekan et al., 2014). For example, urban transition in peri-urban interface within Lagos-Nigeria can be traced to numerous factors including socio-demography, linkages to the cities, availability of basic services, availability and affordability of housing for the lowincome migrants and the state government policy on land use. ...
This study assessed the comparison food expenditure and consumption patterns of rural non- farm and farm households in South East Nigeria. Descriptive statistics and t-test were used to achieve the objectives. The study found that the percentage per-capita expenditure of consumptions by non-farm households for the three commodities assessed in this study, garri (29.6%) ranks first, followed by rice (24.5%) and yam (21.0%) third. The overall mean food expenditure was ₦58,053.50. On the other hand, rural farm households consume 30.70% (yam), 22.2% (garri) and 22.1% (rice) with mean food expenditure of ₦46,282.60. The statistical test of significance (t=13.3 p<0.05) indicates the existence of a statistical difference between the mean food expenditure of non-farm and farm households in the study. Legumes such as beans (65.7%), groundnut (18.9%) and melon (11.6%) ranked first, second and third respectively for both non-farm and farm households. The statistical test of comparison (t=0.212 p<0.05) shows that there is no statistical relationship between the mean food expenditure of non-farm (₦32,348.25) and farm (₦16,807.5) households. The analysis on consumption pattern for non-farm households showed that, their average consumption rate per day has fruits (2.95) as top rank, followed by confectionaries (2.88) and meat/meat product (2.56) is ranked the least. For rural farm households, tubers and cereals (2.98), fruits (2.92) and legumes (2.76) are the three top ranked commodities, consumed. In conclusion, the mean monthly food expenditure of rural farm households was significantly lesser than the mean monthly food expenditure of rural non-farm households. Fruits, legumes and tubers constituted the prominent items in the consumption basket of rural farm and non-farm households. The study recommends that food security interventions need to support households in the rural areas.
Keywords: Food expenditure, consumption pattern, food insecurity, COVID-19 pandemic
... It can offer revenue diversification and employment, particularly for the urban underprivileged and susceptible clusters, thus enhancing the comfort of billions of persons worldwide (El Bilali et al., 2013). For example, more than two-thirds of peri-urban farmers in Ibadan, Nigeria, sell over half of their agricultural produce in Ibadan and nearby towns (Adelekan et al., 2014). Also, peri-urban farming is supposed to produce an ''opportunity cost'', whereby local producers can either save income by consuming home-produced foodstuffs cheaper to have than buying, and increase income selling or selling their products. ...
... Rapid urban expansion and population upsurge in peri-urban regions negatively affect farming land availability (Adelekan et al., 2014). For example, urban transition in peri-urban interface within Lagos-Nigeria can be traced to numerous factors including socio-demography, linkages to the cities, availability of basic services, availability and affordability of housing for the lowincome migrants and the state government policy on land use. ...
An automobile repair shop - also known as a garage - is where auto mechanics and technicians
repair automobiles. To many, the words "mechanic workshop or garage" portrays the picture of a
dirty and unplanned environment where mechanics repair cars.Following the influx of roadside
mechanic workshops, there has been a significant increase in the environmental pollution in
Awka. Fortunately, employing proper techniques in combating pollution through the
architectural spaces provided in the automobile workshop will help solve pollution. In doing so, I
employed the literature review and descriptive research method. Additionally, I reviewed related
literature to determine the best forms of automobile workshop design; data were collected and
analyzed.The study of existing projects all helped in carrying out the research work. Per the
research, I set specific objectives to guide the case studies. I considered pollution, circulation,
ventilation, lighting, and fire safety in the planning process. The concept here is sustainability,
which puts together all the components and functions of the automobile workshop into a unified,
organic whole to ensure an environmentally friendly industrial activity without compromising
efficiency and effectiveness. This research is geared towards assessing architectural design
strategies to combat pollution in the workshop environment and provide the comprehensive
service needed in a technologically changing world.
