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Source publication
Mass mortality events (MMEs) on fish tend to increase recently both for cultured and wild fish both in coastal and inland waters. The MMEs on wild fish are mostly unknown. Mass mortality events on wild fishes of Mimika estuary, Papua have been recorded since long time ago and limited information was provided due to its remote area. A rapid appraisa...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... of manganese in the sediment is more than 140 fold than that in the water column. There is a tendency that concentration of all heavy metals observed in this sediment decrease along with the distance from the the west tailing ( Table 3). ...
Context 2
... of manganese in the sediment is more than 140 fold than that in the water column. There is a tendency that concentration of all heavy metals observed in this sediment decrease along with the distance from the the west tailing ( Table 3). ...
Citations
... Furthermore, the accumulation of heavy metals in fish, such as cadmium, chromium, nickel, arsenic, copper, mercury, lead, and zinc can cause severe toxicity. It can also weakens the immune system, causes organ and tissue damage, inhibit growth and decreases the reproductive ability [3] as well as cause mass mortality [4,5]. In humans, the high accumulation of these metals in the body through the consumption of contaminated fish can lead to the occurrence of neurological disorders, kidney damage, circulatory system problems, gastrointestinal disorders, and an increased risk of cancer [6]. ...
... Several studies reported that the exposure of fish to these contaminants can weaken the immune systems [45], interfere with reproduction hormones and induce pathological changes [46], as well as inhibit growth and development [47]. It can also lead to mass mortality events, such as in the Czech Republic [4] and Yamaima River, Papua, Indonesia [5]. Therefore, the presence of heavy metals in the aquatic environment was harmful to the fish fitness and their population. ...
The contamination of aquatic environments with heavy metals poses a serious threat to fish, potentially leading to diseases or even death. Therefore, there is an urgent need for studies to investigate the adaptability of fish in heavy metal-contaminated environments. Several studies have explored the adaptability of suckermouth catfish (P. pardalis) to survive in the contaminated Ciliwung River. The findings obtained showed that the presence of intestinal bacteria helped these fish overcome the heavy metals in their intestines, thereby enabling the fish to survive. Analysis using the Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technology has succeeded in identifying diversity of these bacteria in P. pardalis living in the Ciliwung River, which contaminated with Cd (0.3–1.6 ppm in the water & 0.9–1.6 ppm in the sediment), Hg (0.6–2 ppm in the water & 0.6–1.8 ppm in the sediment), and Pb (59.9–73.8 ppm in the water & 26.1–58.6 ppm in the sediment). Diversity index of intestinal bacteria in P. pardalis was relatively high, but it had a negative correlation with the presence of these contaminants. Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria were abundant in the intestines of P. pardalis from the upstream to downstream of the river, with an overall abundance range of 15–48%. Furthermore, Mycobacterium along with 6 other genera were identified as core intestinal bacteria. The presence of these bacterial communities in all the samples affected their survival in heavy metals-contaminated rivers. The fish's adaptability to live in this harsh environment indicated that it has the potential to be utilized as a bioremediator of heavy metals in river sediments.
... Fenomena kematian massal ikan di perairan umum daratan lebih banyak terjadi di danau dan waduk, meskipun pada beberapa kasus pernah terjadi di perairan estuaria, seperti di Mimika, Papua (Husnah et al., 2018). Dari telaah yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa kasus kematian massal ikan di danau dan waduk yang pernah terjadi dominan di Pulau Sumatera (Tabel 4). ...
Degradasi kualitas perairan di danau dan waduk semakin meningkat menyebabkan terjadinya kasus kematian ikan secara massal. Untuk itu dilakukan kajian yang bertujuan untuk merumuskan upaya pencegahan dan penanganan kematian massal ikan di danau dan waduk, terutama bagi ikan-ikan budidaya, melalui telaah dan analisis berbagai literatur. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa kasus kematian massal ikan dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor, diantaranya: i) perairan kekurangan oksigen; ii) ikan mengalami keracunan akibat gas-gas beracun; iii) serangan penyakit pada ikan; iv) kelebihan daya dukung perairan; v) perubahan suhu perairan; serta vi) lokasi keramba jaring apung (KJA) berada di perairan waduk yang dangkal. Untuk meminimalkan kasus kematian massal ikan, upaya pencegahannya antara lain: (a) memahami penyebab kematian ikan; (b) fokus pada pencegahan; (c) perhatikan sanitasi ikan yang dibudidayakan; (d) pengecekan rutin kesehatan ikan; (e) memahami jenis parasit/pathogen, dan perlunya diagnosa dan perlakukan terhadap penyakit ikan yang diketahui; (f) pengurangan kepadatan ikan budidaya; (g) pemberian pakan ikan tidak berlebihan untuk meminimalkan buangan limbah organik ke perairan; (h) pemasangan sistem aerasi darurat; dan (i) pemindahan unit KJA ke perairan yang lebih dalam. Langkah-langkah penanganan jika terjadi kematian massal ikan diuraikan dalam tulisan ini. Diperlukan kolaborasi diantara pemangku kepentingan dalam upaya penanganan kematian ikan untuk mencegah terjadinya dampak yang lebih buruk pada ikan yang belum mengalami kematian massal.Water quality degradation which caused mass fish mortality has increased in lakes and reservoirs. This study aimed to provide information on efforts of prevention and to handle the fish mass mortality through reviewing and analyzing various literatures. Results showed that the mass mortality of fish was caused by several factors, including: i) oxygen-deficient waters; ii) fish poisoning due to toxic gases; iii) disease attack on fish; iv) excess waters carrying capacity; v) water temperature changes; and vi) the location of floating net cages (KJA) in shallow waters reservoir. To minimize the fish mass mortality, preventive measures that can be taken include: (a) understanding the causes of fish mass mortality; (b) focus on prevention; (c) paying attention on sanitation of cultivated fish; (d) routine checks on the fish health; (e) understanding the types of parasites or pathogens and the need for diagnosis and treatment of the typed fish diseases; (f) reduction in the abundance of cultivated fish; (g) reduction in fish feeding for minimizingorganic waste disposal; (h) installation of emergency aeration systems; and (i) transferring the cages net to other deeper water areas. Furthermore, handling efforts in the event of a mass mortality occurrence of fish are described in this paper. Collaboration and coordination among stakeholders are needed in efforts to deal with the mass mortality of fish in lakes and reservoirs, to prevent a worse impact for fish which are still alive in cages net.
