Figure - available from: Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology
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Composition of A. manicatum male groups in regard to body mass of individuals. Observations were sorted by the mass of the largest male and all individuals within a group in ascending order. Individuals are identified as dots; males of the same serial number of adjacent groups are connected by lines to clarify the association. The number of males in a group is given on top of the respective panel
Source publication
The wool carder bee Anthidium manicatum is one textbook example of resource defense polygyny among solitary bees, known for intense male–male competition, forced copulations, and the extreme form of interspecific territoriality toward other flower visitors. This mating system depends on the spatial structure of the defended resource and requires se...
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