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Comparison of environmental conditions in three ecological engineering implementation areas over the past 40 years. a Precipitation. b Temperature. c Soil temperature. d Soil moisture content. e Vegetation health index. f Leaf area index. g Elevation. h Soil organic carbon
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China has implemented a series of ecological engineering projects to help achieve the 2060 carbon neutrality target. However, the lack of quantitative research on ecological engineering and the contribution of climate change to terrestrial carbon sinks limits this goal. This study uses robust statistical models combined with multiple terrestrial bi...
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... study first compared the environmental characteristics of three ecological engineering implementation areas, including temperature and precipitation, soil, vegetation, and elevation (Fig. 3). The water and thermal conditions in the SKRDCCP area are usually better than those in the other two ecological engineering implementation areas, and the local vegetation conditions in the SKRDCCP area are also significantly higher than those in the other two areas, with an average LAI of around 2.0. The ...
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... methods have their own advantages, and their applicability varies greatly ( Sarkar et al. 2022). The top-down atmospheric inversion method can estimate real-time changes in carbon sources and sinks ). However, the structure of terrestrial biosphere models is complex with numerous parameters, and there are significant differences in various models (Fig. 3). Therefore, this study used multiple model integrations for comprehensive carbon sink research, which is an effective method to reduce the uncertainty of results caused by model differences ( Bastos et al. 2021). Additionally, due to the numerous model parameters, different parameters affect different ecological processes, especially ...
Citations
... [10][11][12][13][14] This could become an essential part of the strategies to minimize the negative aspects of climate change in the 21 st century until carbon neutrality will be achieved. [15][16][17][18][19] In the past few years, notable technical advancements capturing CO 2 directly from the atmosphere have been made and several demonstration units were installed. For instance, companies like Shell, [20] Aramco [20] and Carbon Direct [20] work on Direct Air Capture (DAC) and have announced several demonstration units/pilot applications. ...
Increasing emissions of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere due to the use of fossil fuels and ongoing deforestation are affecting the global climate. To reach the Paris climate agreement, in the coming decades low emission technologies must be developed, which allow for carbon removal on a Gt per year‐scale. In this regard, we propose the electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide to oxalic acid as a potentially viable pathway for large scale CO2 utilization and storage. Combined with water oxidation, in principle this transformation does not need stoichiometric amounts of co‐reagents and minimize the necessary electrons for the reduction of carbon dioxide.
The Chaobai River Basin, which is a crucial ecological barrier and primary water source area within the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region, possesses substantial ecological significance. The gross ecosystem product (GEP) in the Chaobai River Basin is a reflection of ecosystem conditions and quantifies nature’s contributions to humanity, which provides a basis for basin ecosystem service management and decision-making. This study investigated the spatiotemporal evolution of GEP in the upper Chaobai River Basin and explored the driving factors influencing GEP spatial differentiation. Ecosystem patterns from 2005 to 2020 were analyzed, and GEP was calculated for 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. The driving factors influencing GEP spatial differentiation were identified using the optimal parameter-based geographical detector (OPGD) model. The key findings are as follows: (1) From 2005 to 2020, the main ecosystem types were forest, grassland, and agriculture. Urban areas experienced significant changes, and conversions mainly occurred among urban, water, grassland and agricultural ecosystems. (2) Temporally, the GEP in the basin increased from 2005 to 2020, with regulation services dominating. At the county (district) scale, GEP exhibited a north-west-high and south-east-low pattern, showing spatial differences between per-unit-area GEP and county (district) GEP, while the spatial variations in per capita GEP and county (district) GEP were similar. (3) Differences in the spatial distribution of GEP were influenced by regional natural geographical and socioeconomic factors. Among these factors, gross domestic product, population density, and land-use degree density contributed significantly. Interactions among different driving forces noticeably impacted GEP spatial differentiation. These findings underscore the necessity of incorporating factors such as population density and the intensity of land-use development into ecosystem management decision-making processes in the upper reaches of the Chaobai River Basin. Future policies should be devised to regulate human activities, thereby ensuring the stability and enhancement of GEP.
