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Smart building concept is an implementation of technology developed in the construction industry throughout the world. However, the implementation of this concept is still below expectations due to various obstacles such as higher initial cost than a conventional concept and existing regulation siding with the lowest cost in the tender process. Thi...
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... It helps decision-makers to assess how innovations affect both the quantity and quality of life, allowing comparisons between different innovations in healthcare. Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR) is a financial indicator that calculates the ratio of total benefits to total costs associated with an innovation project (Berawi et al., 2017). BCR helps organizations determine whether an innovation initiative is economically viable. ...
In the realm of innovative product development, a multidisciplinary and scientifically grounded approach plays a pivotal role in shaping the creation of novel solutions. As society faces complex problems and rapidly evolving needs, understanding the scientific methodologies and theories underpinning innovative product development is crucial. Research aim is to comprehensively analyze and synthesize the diverse theoretical foundations from various scientific disciplines that influence the process of innovative product development. Research methods include literature review, content analysis, and expert interviews were employed to identify and categorize relevant theoretical frameworks from various disciplines. The studyʼs key findings emphasize the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in innovative product development. The study highlights the roles of creativity, economics, and psychology in product development, stressing the need to weave diverse scientific theories into a systematic approach for user-centric solutions. The study highlights the integrative nature of innovation by elucidating the diverse theoretical foundations underpinning product development, enhancing understanding of how various scientific theories converge to drive innovation systematically. The findings underscore the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in guiding real-world product development, offering practical insights for innovators, educators, and professionals seeking to optimize the innovation process and create user-centric solutions.
... ICT significantly influences behavior, perception, and anticipation (Ahuja and RCDD, 2016). Smart buildings use automation for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning, enhancing energy efficiency, security, and telecommunications, thereby managing resources more effectively (Berawi et al., 2017;Ismail, 2021). Del , identified thirteen categories of smart home technology, including lighting, entertainment, health, wellness, clothing, household appliances, robots, safety, and security, among others. ...
Purpose-Despite the global shift toward smart building features and technologies, the level of awareness among stakeholders in Nigeria's construction sector remains unclear, limiting engagement with these innovations. This study examines the awareness of smart building features and technologies, providing insights to address knowledge gaps and improve understanding within the sector. Design/methodology/approach-This study adopted the quantitative research approach, using a questionnaire survey to obtain data from construction stakeholders that were purposively selected in Lagos State and Abuja, Nigeria. The collected data were analyzed using various statistical tools such as frequencies, percentiles, mean item scores, standard deviation and the Mann-Whitney U test. Findings-From the result of the analysis, the study concluded that the most cognizant smart building features and technology were security doors, escalators and lifts, solar panels and energy-saving equipment, fire alarms, heating, ventilation, air and conditioning. Practical implications-This study provides insights into the awareness of smart building features and technologies among Nigerian construction stakeholders, bridging theory and practice. It informs policy development, enhances professional knowledge and promotes educational initiatives. Its findings support sustainable construction efforts, potentially improving societal attitudes and quality of life. Originality/value-This study uniquely explores the level of awareness of smart building features and technologies among clients and professionals in Nigeria's construction sector. Identifying existing knowledge gaps provides critical insights that can guide efforts to enhance understanding and foster deeper engagement with these innovations.
... SBs give actionable information pertaining to a building or area inside a building to the building owner or tenant, allowing them to effectively manage the property or space (Sinopoli, 2010). Furthermore, Berawi et al. (2017) corroborate that the benefit-cost ratio of a smart building was substantially greater than that of a traditional structure, from 1.99 to 0.88. The smart building idea is a global deployment of technologies produced in the construction sector. ...
The notion of smart buildings is becoming a global trend. The smart concept is spread not only via buildings but also through cities, transportation, and communication. Many difficulties human beings face can be solved by smart building technology. For example, environmental contamination and resource depletion, such as water and fossil fuels. In Sri Lanka, smart building adoption was at a low level. As a result, the purpose of this research is to assess user comprehension of smart building service preferences and adoption from a Sri Lankan viewpoint. A questionnaire survey is used to obtain data from the community as part of the data collection approach. To achieve the objectives stated above, the data will be analysed using principal component analysis, multiple regression analysis, and Pareto analysis. Results indicated that the majority of Sri Lankans do not grasp smart building technologies. Using principal component analysis, eleven major service preferences were determined. Multiple regression analysis is used to identify the factors that influence service preference. The most essential elements impacting smart building adoption are competency to utilize new technology, preference for smart building attributes, and user satisfaction. This study would be an excellent resource for the future adoption of smart building technologies in Sri Lanka.
... We measure the total harmonic distortion current and voltage. Smart building efficiently uses existing resources and technological developments [10], [11]. The purpose of applying technology is ultimately to provide efficiency in electricity consumption. ...
... The resistor (R) is the linear load. Smart building efficiently uses existing resources and technological developments [10], [11]. The purpose of applying technology is ultimately to provide efficiency in electricity consumption. ...
The need for buildings with the concept of green building is now very important for environmental conservation. The smart building concept is to do efficiency to get better governance in optimizing a building. However, the combination of green and smart buildings is still very rare. We researched a new building belonging to the government of the Republic of Indonesia with a green building concept. With the application of smart building technology, one way is to use the latest and most modern HVAC systems. Technology by utilizing this inverter provides significant electrical efficiency. Researchers feel interested in investigating the air conditioning system used in this new building. In this research, an infestation of the quality of electrical energy was carried out due to the use of an inverter. The study results show that the harmonics of the total distortion current reach more than 5 % at a load current exceeding 159.06 amperes. In comparison, the total distortion voltage harmonics reach up to 41.83 %. The impact of this condition greatly affects the performance of the transformer. To overcome this problem, recommended using a harmonic filter on the capacitor bank.
... It acknowledges and reflects the technological advances and convergence of building systems, the shared aspects of the systems, and the added functionality provided by interconnected systems (Sinopoli, 2010). In a smart building, intelligence and control as a fully automated building system are incorporated by utilizing advanced information and communication technology (ICT) as an integrated approach to generate a more efficient building design, construction, and operation (Berawi et al., 2017). With the constant advancement of technology comes a new chance to improve people's lives through pervasive computing technology in smart buildings that facilitate enhanced communications, awareness, and functionality. ...
Smart building is a building development approach utilizing digital and communication technology to improve occupants' comfort inside the building and help increase energy usage efficiency in building operations. Despite its benefits, the smart building concept is still slowly adopted, particularly in developing countries. The advancement of computational techniques such as machine learning (ML) has helped building owners simulate and optimize various building performances in the building design process more accurately. Therefore, this study aims to assist energy efficiency design strategies in a building by identifying the features of the smart building characteristics that can potentially foster building energy efficiency. Furthermore, an ML model based on the features identified is then developed to predict the level of energy use. K-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN) algorithm is employed to develop the model with the openly accessible smart building energy usage datasets from Chulalongkorn University Building Energy Management System (CU-BEMS) as the training and testing datasets. The validation result shows that the predictive model has an average relative error value of 17.76%. The energy efficiency levels obtained from applying identified features range from 34.5% to 45.3%, depending on the reviewed floor. This paper also proposed the dashboard interface design for ML-based smart building energy management.
... Through the efficient control of key building elements like heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and lighting systems, smart buildings have the potential to save 34.78% more energy than traditional ones [11]. Recent years have seen an increase in the use of TW systems for passive heating/cooling in buildings. ...
The simplicity of design and construction following the researcher's or company's notion is the most typical description of solar panels. There will be a set of sensors in every design to derive information about the environment's shifting seasons and days. Two chambers of 1 m2 and 2 m in height were constructed for this study. A solar panel made from a unique exchangeable material has been installed instead of one of the walls, allowing a space between them for experimental reasons. Several temperature sensors were mounted inside and outside the chamber, as well as on the surface of the solar panel and within the air openings, in this work to record the temperature readings in various places. The used controller, an Arduino, is in charge of several operations, including controlling the solar panel's cooling device, reading and recording sensor data and storing it in RAM, controlling the orientation of the solar panel, controlling the vacuums, and regulating the on-off time of the motors. The findings show that by using sensor data, the system can keep the temperature constant when it is turned on. Additionally, the battery life will be preserved to the greatest extent feasible thanks to the well-balanced regulation of the loads.
... Smart buildings incorporate intelligence and control as a wholly automated building system that is adaptable by utilizing technological advances and information and communication technology (ICT) to create an integrated system that generates a more efficient building design, construction, and operation [5,25]. Information such as feedbacks from the occupants regarding their behaviors in the building is collected and utilized by the smart building system to make decisions that can help achieve the optimal combination of building energy efficiency, comfort, and satisfaction, as the drivers of building progressions [6]. ...
... While in Figure 4 is ECI compared to the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources No. 3 of 2012. Furthermore, the amount of ECI is based on [15], where the amount of ECI at the Commercial Office per year is 240 kWh/m2/year, then for the period November 2020 to October 2021, the amount of ECI is 78.34 kWh/m 2 /year, and this is still far from the value limit. waste and still included in the value very efficient. ...
The need for a building with a green building concept is now very important for environmental conservation. The concept of green building is to design a building that has a more efficient consumption of electrical energy. The Energy Consumption Intensity (ECI) of a building in Indonesia with a tropical climate is regulated in INS no 03-0196: 2010. In this standard, the ECI of an air-conditioned building is said to be efficient if it has a consumption of 7.93-12.08 kWh/M2/month. Meanwhile, according to the Indonesian Green Building Council (GBCI), the ECI in Green Building is 50% of a conventional building. In this study, electrical energy consumption was measured for at least 1 year. The research location is the Head Office Building of PT Indonesia Asahan Aluminium (Persero), a State-Owned Enterprise located in Batubara Regency, North Sumatra, Indonesia. According to the results of the analysis of existing data, it can be concluded that the Inalum Building has an efficient electricity consumption intensity according to INS standards, with a value of 78.34 kWh/m2/year or 6.53 kWh/m2/month. However, as a green building, the existing air-conditioned space still has an ECI value that exceeds the specified standard. According to the Indonesian National Standard classification, this building is still considered energy-intensive because the ECI value of an air-conditioned room is 243.56 kWh/m2/year or 20.29 kWh/m2/month.
... While in Figure 4 is ECI compared to the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources No. 3 of 2012. Furthermore, the amount of ECI is based on [15], where the amount of ECI at the Commercial Office per year is 240 kWh/m2/year, then for the period November 2020 to October 2021, the amount of ECI is 78.34 kWh/m 2 /year, and this is still far from the value limit. waste and still included in the value very efficient. ...
... The smart building concept emerged at the beginning of the 1980s and has been continuously evolving during the past decades [4][5][6], where the ability to adapt to the dynamic environments is considered as the central aspect in its definition [7]. Research shows that a potential energy saving of 34.78% could be achieved by the smart buildings comparing to conventional buildings, through the optimal control of major building components like the heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and lighting systems [8]. ...
... :/ : VWH (8) It is seen that only the window temperature difference Δ fVY is a function of time step T. All the other parameters are constant once the product configuration has been determined. The total energy harvested is therefore simplified into: ∑ F T Δ? ...
A new thermoelectric-powered wireless sensor network platform is presented for the low-cost environmental sensing in building envelopes through thermoelectric energy harvesting and ultra-low power management. It is designed and prototyped entirely inside a window frame without compromising architectural aesthetics. This self-powered sensing platform is achieved by maximizing the harvested energy from building envelopes and optimizing the wireless sensing unit’s energy consumption. It harvests milli-watt level thermoelectric power from the temperature gradient across building envelopes through thermoelectric generators with an optimized thermal connector. The harvested energy is voltage-boosted and regulated through two integrated circuits that are tailored for ultra-low-power input. A low power system-on-chip is used to supervise the environmental sensing and wireless data communication. The energy consumption is tailored by adjusting the system sleep time to match the harvested energy. The proposed platform is prototyped in a window frame and thoroughly tested, where 1.5 mW of power is harvested from thermoelectric generators under 6 °C of temperature difference, and a 33.4% efficiency to the battery. In the meantime, 0.42 mW power is consumed by the wireless sensing unit under a sampling period of 2 h, which reaches the energy equilibrium state. The energy equilibrium algorithm can project the battery energy based on historical weather conditions, so as to achieve the self-powered condition given a geographic location. This smart building envelope systems include the unique innovations in self-powered system architecture, thermally optimized internal structure, and milli-watt level power management.
