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![Table 1 . Greenhouse gas emissions by country [3].](publication/324237943/figure/tbl1/AS:670325402529811@1536829438564/Greenhouse-gas-emissions-by-country-3_Q320.jpg)
Regulating energy consumption can reduce both greenhouse gas emissions and expenditures. In order to maximize efficiency, appropriate energy protocols for buildings must be devised and implemented. This study examines predicted and real energy savings, the differences between them, and the methods which might reduce these discrepancies. Analyses fo...
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Context 1
... application of appropriate energy standards for buildings could promote economic gains and reduce GHG emissions through energy consumption regulation. Table 2 shows the energy efficiency management system of the US, Europe and Japan compared with the energy efficiency management system in Korea. The items that assess the performance of a building vary, but all of system put a premium on the building of energy efficiency. ...
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The energy efficient building or green building design and certifications was started in the starting of twenty-first century because of whole world's people wants warmth, peace and prosperous house. Low energy consumption or energy efficiency is the main component of the green building. In this communication the author's communicating the signific...
Citations
... Energy efficiency assessment of building has been widely discussed, such as, the optimization of energy-saving technologies for educational buildings (Zhao and Du 2019), improvement of the energy efficiency of apartments (Park and Kim 2018), and large-scale building energy efficiency retrofit in existing commercial districts in Shanghai (Zheng et al 2019). These studies are focused on the parameter optimization of the public buildings, or in major hot summer and warm winter regions in China. ...
Energy efficient building projects has become the focus of sustainable development. In this article, 2 indexes, energy-saving sensitivity and energy-saving contribution, are proposed to assess the energy efficiency of residential buildings. Four green measures to improve the energy efficiency of residential building with either passive or active technologies are designed and their saving performances are evaluated with the case study of a residential building simulation model in Changchun, region in China using the 2 indexes by simulations in the Designbuilder simulation software. The results reveal that improving the energy efficiency of residential buildings in severely cold regions should be focused on two key energy consumption factors, A1-heating (gas) and A2-zone sensible heating. Green measures M4-modifying the heating ventilating and air conditioning system and M1-improving envelope structures are found with high energy-saving sensitivities on the energy consumption factors A1 and A2. The energy-saving contribution of green measures M4 is the largest with the value of 80.17%, and that of green measure M2-adding shading facilities is the smallest with the negative value of − 8.53%. These results suggest that M4 and M1 are the effective green energy-saving renovation measures of the residential buildings in severely cold regions. The assessment method and simulation case study results provide a theoretical foundation and practical suggestions for the decision making to effectively reduce the energy consumption of residential buildings in severely cold regions by adopting appropriate green measures.
... 20 261-FZ). The main volume of activity falls on energy service contracts in the public sector, in the housing sector and in industry [6]. ...
The article discusses the features of energy service contracts as one of the types of state-business interaction in the form of a public-private partnership. The purpose of the article is to analyze the main problems accompanying the implementation of energy service contracts on the basis of a case analysis and to develop recommendations for those who are at the stage of concluding such agreements. The following causes of problems between the parties to the energy service contracts are highlighted: methodological, organizational and financial. The following recommendations are developed based on the experience of participation in forensic examinations: 1) careful study of the methodology for calculating savings using energy audit; 2) the method of calculating the economic effect should be an integral part of the energy service contract; 3) careful management of documents in order to be able to begin to resolve the conflict in the pretrial order according to the Civil Code; 4) the contractor must make sure that there are economic benefits based on detailed calculations of indicators such as payback period, net present value of the project, internal rate of return, which it is mandatory to compare with the cost of financial resources used in the project.
... Housing owners could stay in their apartments and participate in the planning and design for a sustainable renovation of their apartments. The main challenge was the quantification of monetary costs and achievable reductions of CO2 emissions and energy consumption associated with the renovation of buildings [37]. The associated monetary costs, as well as the results and impacts of a potential building renovation were the main influencing factors in the decision making pro or con the renovation of an existing building, of construction companies and residents alike [38,39]. ...
... Housing owners could stay in their apartments and participate in the planning and design for a sustainable renovation of their apartments. The main challenge was the quantification of monetary costs and achievable reductions of CO 2 emissions and energy consumption associated with the renovation of buildings [37]. The associated monetary costs, as well as the results and impacts of a potential building renovation were the main influencing factors in the decision making pro or con the renovation of an existing building, of construction companies and residents alike [38,39]. ...
Apartments in South Korea have high maintenance costs and an average lifetime of 25 years due to poor construction qualities. The common apartment redevelopment strategy is completely demolishing the neighborhoods and then replacing them with new buildings. However, this research discusses the framework for the refurbishment of an existing building in Seoul using Building Information Modeling (BIM) and parametric tools. The virtual model of an exemplary existing building is constructed in a BIM environment. Parametric software is used to simulate the building’s environmental performance, in order to determine its energy demand for heating and cooling and the indoor comfort. In order to reduce the energy demand for heating and cooling, improve the indoor comfort, generate photovoltaic energy and extend the building’s lifetime, a modular building envelope renovation system is developed. Building simulation results of the improved building envelope are used to quantify the differences with the existing building. The research results illustrate significant improvements in energy performance, comfort and lifetime extension that can be achieved. Furthermore, a guideline for a streamlined building optimization process is provided, that can be transferred and used for the planning and optimization of other building renovation projects.
