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Introduction: COVID-19 vaccine have been indicated to successfully
decrease the hazard for symptomatic severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection furthermore associated
hospitalisations.
Objective: To study the immune response among different types of
SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
Methods: This study includes 100 vaccinated...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... was found that the second dose of vaccine caused a significant higher increase in the mean levels of SARS-CoV-2 IgG (29.08 ± 2.37) as compared to the mean levels (23.42 ± 1.25) of those who were administered the first dose only in all types of vaccine. The highest levels of IgG (35.56 ± 2.06) were produced in people vaccinated with the second dose of Pfizer, followed by AstraZeneca (30.09 ± 1.76) ;While Sinopharm show non significant differences (Table 3). Table 4 shows a significant increase in the mean levels of SARS-CoV-2 IgG for 2 weeks of vaccination with Pfizer and Sinopharm and then a gradual decrease for the third and fourth weeks, while SARS-CoV-2 IgG mean concentration increased gradually and reached the peak at the fourth week in persons vaccinated with AstraZeneca. ...Citations
... 4 This could result in the individual suffering from acute respiratory distress syndrome owing to the presence of pneumonia in several lungs and its complications being very diverse with some consequential psychological trauma in the future. 1,5 For effective management of COVID-19, the determination of the viral load circulating in the blood of infected individuals is an important factor. 6 Viral load is defined as the amount of virus capable of replication that is measured in the body. ...
Background: The SARS-CoV-2 virus causes COVID-19, a respiratory syndrome. It causes inflammation and damages several organs in the body. miRNAs play a role in regulating the infection resulting from SARS-CoV-2. MicroRNA-155, a kind of microRNA linked to viral defences, can affect the immune responses during COVID-19.
Objectives: Examination of the involvement of microRNA-155 in the development and severity of COVID-19, as well as finding the correlation between microRNA-155 and viral load (copies/mL) in severe cases of the disease.
Materials and Method: A case-control research study was performed between October 2022 and June 2023. It included a cohort of 120 hospitalised individuals with severe cases of COVID-19, together with 115 individuals with mild cases of COVID-19 and apparently healthy individuals. A real-time PCR procedure was applied to determine microRNA-155 expression in the studied groups and the viral load (copies/mL) in severe cases of the disease.
Results: MicroRNA-155 was expressed in severe cases threefold more than its expression in mild cases of COVID-19 and healthy individuals. Also, a strong association was demonstrated between microRNA-155 and viral load (copies/mL) in severe COVID-19.
Conclusion: MicroRNA-155 could be used as a biomarker for severe COVID-19 conditions and could have a role in disease severity and infectious particles of the virus. Since it is positively correlated with viral load (copies/mL) in severe cases of the disease.
... Upon reviewing earlier research, some of these researches showed results that were similar to those of the current study, 19,29 while other studies indicated that the mean value for all types of vaccines showed no significant differences in IgG-S for vaccinated males and females. 30 Inversely, IgG-S concentration was observed to be significantly more in males than in females with Pfizer and AstraZeneca. 31 People living in urban areas had significantly higher levels of IgG-S than those living in rural areas, which is consistent with previous studies. ...
Introduction:
Many countries have begun immunization programs and established protocols to combat pandemics caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Six months after vaccination, the antibody titers produced by the immunization begin to decline, and individuals whose first immunization (either one or two doses) did not provide adequate protection may require a booster dose.
Methods:
A quantitative cross-sectional survey of 18-year-olds and older was undertaken in the West Bank from June 15 to June 27, 2022. Each participant had 5 mL of blood drawn to be tested for IgG-S, IgG-N, and blood group.
Results:
All participants had positive IgG-S results; IgG-S values ranged between 77 and 40,000 AU/ml, with a mean value of 1254 AU/ml. The value of IgG-N ranged from 0 to 139.3 U/ml for all participants, with a mean value of 22.4 U/ml. 64 (37.2%) of the participants demonstrated positive IgG-N screening results, with mean values of 51.2 U/ml. Female participants' mean IgG concentration was higher than male participants. Furthermore, the results revealed that smokers had lower levels of vaccine-induced antibodies than nonsmokers. High significance was found in the time from the last vaccine till the blood sample test (T = 3.848, P < .001), and the group between 6 and 9 months was found to have higher mean values than the 9-months group (M = 15952).
Conclusions:
Participants vaccinated with a higher number of vaccines tend to have higher IgG-S. To elevate total antibodies, booster doses are essential. Additional researchers are needed to examine the positive correlation between IgG-S and IgG-N.
... [15] Moreover, Tretyn et al. and Abdul-Ghani documented that in vaccinated individuals who had experienced COVID-19 infection, IgG levels were found to be at their greatest. [13,16] The differences between the current study findings with other previously published data might be possibly due to the lack of confirmation for the absence of infection with COVID-19. It has been documented that there was a high proportion of individuals who are infected with COVID-19 and had never developed symptoms or experienced very mild or almost unrecognizable symptoms. ...
Background
Due to increased vaccination rates and the continued spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, many people are developing “hybrid immunity” to the virus. On the other hand, a high body mass index (BMI) has been associated with a reduced immune response to vaccination.the aims of this study was to measuring the level of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) generated against different types of vaccines in vaccinated individuals with and without previous infection and with BMI. a cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2021 and April 2022.
Methods
A blood sample was obtained from 174 vaccinated persons. SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels and IFN-γ were detected using SARS-CoV-2 IgG II quant and ELISAtechniques, respectively. statistical Analysis Used IBM SPSS version 24 software was used. Quantitative results are indicated as mean ± standard deviation. The statistical significance level was set at P < 0.05.
Results
There was no statistically significant difference in IgG and IFN-γ mean levels between the vaccinated individual with and without confirmed previous infection. However, there was a significant difference in the case of the AstraZeneca vaccine regarding IgG levels only. The mean antibody concentration of patients with normal weight who received the Pfizer vaccine showed a slightly significant difference. Regarding the IFN-γ level, there was a significant difference among the three types of vaccines in obese individuals.
Conclusion
Previous infection with coronavirus disease-2019 seems to have no effect on IgG and IFN-γ levels after vaccination. In addition, normal-weight individuals might possibly respond better to the vaccine and produce more antibody levels.
... However, no significant differences between sexes were observed for each type of vaccine as shown in Table 4. Similarly, in a previous study, the mean value for all types of vaccines Sinopharm, AstraZeneca, and Pfizer showed no significant differences in IgG for vaccinated males and females. [17] Inversely, a significant difference in IgG concentration between males and females was observed previously. The anti-spike-RBD IgG response was observed to be significantly more in females than in males after vaccination with BNT162b2. ...
Background
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines represent the only way in combating the COVID-19 pandemic. Studying the differences in immune response to different types of vaccines is considered an important tool for optimizing vaccine selection and dosage required. The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentration following vaccination with Pfizer, AstraZeneca, and Sinopharm vaccines. A cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2021 and April 2022.
Methods
A blood sample was obtained from 174 vaccinated persons, IgG levels were detected using the SARS-COV-2 IgG II Quant assay on the ARCHITECT I system. Statistical analysis used IBM SPSS VERSION 24 software. Quantitative results are indicated as mean ± standard deviation. The statistical significance level was set at P < 0.05.
Results
Out of 60.3%, 33.9%, and 5.7% had received Pfizer, Sinopharm, and AstraZeneca vaccines, respectively. Ninety participants were men and 84 were women with ages ranging from 18 to 70 years. IgG concentrations were higher in participants vaccinated with Pfizer's vaccine. There were significant differences among the three types of vaccine within age groups. The mean IgG concentration was higher in male participants vaccinated with Pfizer and AstraZeneca. No significant variation was observed between the first and second doses for each type of the three vaccines. The IgG concentration for a vaccination with Pfizer varied significantly among the weeks after vaccination, the maximum concentration was seen between the 6 th and 7 th weeks.
Conclusions
Participants vaccinated with the Pfizer vaccine produce the highest antibody concentration as compared to other vaccines, especially in male participants. Younger participants produce higher amount of antibody response.
Vaccination against novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) become highly recommended. In Iraq, three vaccines are available. They are Pfizer-Biontech, Oxford-AstraZenica, and Sino harm vaccines. A cross-sectional retrospective study was performed to a total of 2399 individual who are vaccinated with one of the available vaccines. People who are infected with Covid-19 before and/or after vaccination of either studied SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were also involved in this study (1175 case). Signs and symptoms have been reported for each of confirmed positive cases of Coronavirus disease. Statistical data analyses were applied to reveal the effect of different SARS-CoV-2 vaccines on the incidence of novel coronavirus disease among Iraqi population. Also, the virulence of novel SARS infection after vaccination was determined in response to sings and symptoms of the disease. Pfizer-BioNTech and Sino pharm vaccines show the least percentage (5.1%; 34 and 6.5%; 13) of disease incidence after first dose of vaccination respectively, while Oxford-AstraZenica show the highest percentage 11.5%; 39. In respect to SARSCoV-2 infection after second dose of vaccination, Pfizer-BioNTech percentage are the least (4.5%), Sinopharm (16.5%) and Oxford-AstraZenica (18.0%). The study concluded that incidence of Covid-19 was decreased after second dose vaccination of Pfizer, Sinopharm and AstraZenica vaccines respectively. Oxford-AstraZenica shows the least efficacy upon incidence of Covid-19 than Pfizer-Biontech and Sinopharm vaccines, after first and second dose vaccination, and severity of the symptoms after second dose vaccination.
