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![Figure 1. The evolution of the technological paradigm [28].](publication/316255202/figure/fig1/AS:679537104920576@1539025679706/The-evolution-of-the-technological-paradigm-28_Q320.jpg)
Renewable energy plays a significant role in the world for obvious environmental and economic reasons with respect to the increasing energy crisis and fossil fuel environmental problems. Biomass energy, one of the most promising renewable energy technologies, has drawn increasing attention in recent years. However, biomass technologies still vary w...
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... provides three options for visualization, in which the default is the cluster view (the right of Figure 3), which focuses on the structural features of the clusters. Through automatic labeling, 25 clusters were found, then according to the two indices-silhouette and size-also considering the relevant keywords in clusters, we chose some important clusters and their containing keywords are shown in Figure 4. ...
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... turning point is the bridge which connects different clusters. The map in Figure 4 clearly shows three clusters, and there is a link between these clusters. In accordance with the arrangement of mean year, biomass energy technologies appeared, in turn, from cluster 2 to cluster 4, and then to cluster 3. ...
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Citations
... Having analyzed the role of biomass energy in achieving sustainability, this research now proceeds to address the following question: what technological advancements have been made in biomass energy to enhance its efficiency and sustainability? The findings reveal that biomass energy technologies have evolved significantly in recent decades, driven by advancements in bioenergy research, engineering innovations, and increased investment in renewable energy sectors [69,70]. Globally, countries are adopting diverse technological approaches to improve the efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and environmental sustainability of biomass energy systems. ...
Biomass energy has emerged as a vital renewable energy source in the global transition towards sustainable development, aligning with the United Nations sustainable development goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 7 (affordable and clean energy) and SDG 13 (climate action). This study evaluates biomass energy’s contributions by integrating real SI-unit-based data on energy usage in China, India, Denmark, Germany, Brazil, Namibia, and Ghana. An interpretative review was employed, incorporating primarily qualitative analysis and supplemented by the quantitative analysis of biomass energy deployment, cost assessments, and policy evaluations. The findings reveal that biomass contributes 8% to China’s renewable energy mix (500 TWh), 12% in India (370 TWh), 20% in Denmark (43 TWh), and 27% in Brazil (160 TWh), yet its expansion faces economic, technological, and policy challenges. This study integrates cutting-edge catalysts (e.g., ZnO, TiO2, Ni) and nanotechnology applications (e.g., nanocatalysts, nanomembranes) to enhance biomass energy efficiency. A comparative technical analysis of combustion, anaerobic digestion, pyrolysis, and gasification highlights gasification as the most efficient process (70–85%), with the lowest carbon emissions (30–50 kg CO2/GJ) but requiring higher capital investment (USD 0.07–0.14/kWh). This study concludes with policy recommendations, emphasizing targeted subsidies, international collaboration, and infrastructure investments to improve biomass energy adoption globally.
... In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to green and renewable energy sources, which should not only replace the bulk of today's energy sources but also preserve the environment, thus reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions [1][2][3][4]. The main sources of energy are still non-renewable, obtained from fossil fuels-coal, oil and oil derivatives, natural gas, and nuclear energy. ...
... Original data from Pandur et al.[24]. 2 Calculation of GWP was performed according to Abbas and Handler[38].3 Calculation of GWP was performed according to Sullivan et al.[39].4 Calculation of GWP was performed according to Audsley et al.[40]. ...
The paper presents the process of electricity and thermal energy production in a cogeneration plant and the process of wood pellet production. The aim of this study was to analyze the energy gain—EROI for energy products that are created as a product contained in electrical and thermal energy and the energy contained in wood pellets. According to the obtained results, the production of only electrical energy from wood biomass in a cogeneration plant was not sustainable from an energy point of view, since the obtained electrical energy was only 1.46 times greater than the input wood energy (EROIel = 1.46), while the obtained energy of the produced wood pellets was 4.82 (EROIpel = 4.82). According to the results of equivalent carbon emission, positive net value was achieved only with cogeneration plant and pellet plant working in synergy. Wood is a renewable source of energy, and its economic use can create a significant energy gain. However, due to the trend of using renewable energy sources and the increasing need for electricity, such a process of obtaining electricity is financially profitable, although it is not justified from the energy profitability and environmental sustainability point of view.
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It is generally accepted that the world's reliance on fossil fuels had negative implications, such as a decline in crude oil supply, a drop in air quality, an increase in global temperature, unpredictable weather change, etc. Biofuel production is one of the best options for minimizing the quantity of conventional fuel used. This article presents theoretical and practical methods for process improvement, as well as a brief review of the characteristics of bioethanol production and limitations by using various pre-treatment techniques with wastes such as fruit and lignocellulose biomass to ethanol production using various microbe species. Bioethanol has a variety of applications, including petrol blending, solvent use, and distillery sectors. The pH (4–4.3), temperature (32 °C), and kind of microorganisms all have a significant impact on bioethanol production. Many significant phenolic chemicals and bioactive substances have been extracted from waste during bioethanol manufacturing. The approaches discussed in this study, such as pre-treatment, extraction, and distillation, can enhance the yield of bio-ethanol, which can be beneficial in many ways in the future.
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... Viable terrestrial biomass waste to generate heat, electricity and biofuels includes agricultural waste, organic waste, sewage sludge and municipal green waste [32,33]. However, some limitations and drawbacks have yet to be overcome, including a relatively low energy content, seasonality, and the discrete geographic availability of biomass feedstocks [34]. Also, the use of terrestrial resources may imply sacrificing natural areas, polluting waterways favoring eutrophication, threatening food supplies, and increasing net carbon emissions of increased deforestation [35,36]. ...
... To look for an alternative, renewable power sources must be readily available, renewable, and available. Henceforth, biofuels are being explored as a suitable substitute for petroleum oil because they are nontoxic, sulfur-free, and biodegradable, renewable sources, pollution management, and fuel efficiency are equivalent [90]. Liquid ethanol and biodiesel are the two most prevalent kinds of biofuel used in transportation and aircraft [91]. ...
... Up to 50% [90] Fischer-Tropsch fuels ...
... By 2040, it is expected that greenhouse gas emissions will reach an estimated 43 billion metric tonnes. Consequently, it is vital to have additional power sources that are quickly available, renewable, and easy to access [3]. ...
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... Biomass offers a significant energy capacity, and it can be utilized as a key energy source with significant advantages in terms of economic growth (Hernández et al. 2018;Hanif 2018). Various studies have investigated the relationship between economic growth and environmental quality to attain the required duality of sustainable environment and economic growth (Bildirici 2017;Bekhet and Othman 2018;Li et al. 2017;Nosheen et al. 2020). The majority of the studies have evidenced a significant association among environmental quality, economic growth, and energy utilization (Boamah et al. 2017(Boamah et al. , 2018Nosheen et al. 2021a, b;Wen et al. 2019). ...
In recent years, biomass energy tends to be one of the important sources of renewable energy in the world. The main objective of current research is to evaluate the impact of biomass energy on the economic growth of NEXT-11 economies. The data used in “the study is based on panel data of NEXT-11 covering the period 1990 to 2019. The included variables are GDP, biomass energy (BE) school enrollment gross ratio (SEGR; trade openness (TO; population growth (PG; and CO2 emission (CO2).” For estimation, this study applied the fully modified ordinary least square (FMOLS) and dynamic ordinary least square (DOLS) approaches. The results of FMOLS and DOLS analysis indicate a statistically significant and positive relationship among all the variables in our sample of nations. According to the findings, an increase in biomass energy use tends to positively affect economic growth. To meet the challenge of global warming, these countries need to increase their technical development and inventions as well as they need to improve biomass energy use.
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... This is a significant problem in countries like "Brazil", "the USA", "Argentina" and "Indonesia" (Adamczyk & Sajdak, 2017;Li et al., 2020;Trinh et al., 2012). Biodiesel can be made from a variety of raw materials, including "algae oil", "animal fats", "vegan oils" and "microbial oil resources", albeit the content and quality of biodiesel made from different sources might vary (Li et al., 2017). ...
... The dispute over nourishment and fuel is aided by the first generation of biofuels (Jin et al., 2015;Li et al., 2017). The advancement of genetically modified yields has steadily increased since their introduction in 1996-1997(Areal et al., 2013. ...
The utilization of non-renewable sources of energy has directly affected the economies of developing countries. So far, man has succeeded to utilize nature’s renewable forms of energy to a large extent. However, deriving energies from such kind of sources involves the huge amount of costs. In the recent times, energy production from bio-sources has gained a huge focus. This chapter discusses the various methods and mechanism involved in the production of biofuels from organic wastes and biomass. Furthermore, the chapter also stresses the involvement of microalgae and other microbes for the sustainable recovery and generation of biofuels.KeywordsBiofuelsFermentationBiotransformationCarbon cutBiomassWood waste
