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Polyploidy, a numerical alteration of the karyotype, is one of the most important mechanisms in plant speciation and diversification, but could also be detected among populations, the cytotypes. For example, Psidium cattleyanum, a polyploid complex, has chromosome numbers ranging from 2n=3x=33 to 2n=12x=132. Polyploidization causes an increase in D...
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... (hydrogenated sesquiterpene) was the major compound present in all the accessions, followed by alpha-pinene (HM), copaene (HS), and alpha-humulene (HS) and eucalyptol (OM). The five major compounds (relative area > 10%) presented in the essential oils were identified in Figure 2. ...
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‘Ka Hua Kula’ (“golden fruit” in Hawaiian) guava ( Psidium guajava L.) has been released by the Department of Horticulture to fill the need of a better cultivar for processing guava puree.
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... having up to 100 genes) 26,39 and occurrence of lineage-specific pathways and products. Although the essential oil of Psidium species exhibits a great diversity in its chemotypes conditioned to environmental and genetic variations 24,27,40,41 , the evolution of TPS genes in Myrtaceae neotropical fresh fruits remain unknown. The increase of the values of 2C nuclear, CG% and 5-mC% was related to the decrease in (E)-Nerolidol and β-Bisabolol. ...
... Yield and chemical composition of the essential oil. We revisited the data about yield and chemical composition of the essential oil previously published by our research group for P. guajava 40,42 , P. guineense 48 and P. cattleyanum 24 . For the other accesses, the essential oil was extracted based on the methodology used for P. guajava 41 . ...
Diploid and polyploid species derived from the euploid series x = 11 occur in the genus Psidium, as well as intraspecific cytotypes. Euploidy in the genus can alter the gene copy number, resulting in several “omics” variations. We revisited the euploidy, reported genomic (nuclear 2C value, GC%, and copy number of secondary metabolism genes) and epigenomic (5-mC%) differences in Psidium, and related them to essential oil yield and composition. Mean 2C values ranged from 0.90 pg (P. guajava) to 7.40 pg (P. gaudichaudianum). 2C value is intraspecifically varied in P. cattleyanum and P. gaudichaudianum, evidencing cytotypes that can be formed from euploid (non-reduced) and/or aneuploid reproductive cells. GC% ranged from 34.33% (P. guineense) to 48.95% (P. myrtoides), and intraspecific variations occurred even for species without 2C value intraspecific variation. Essential oil yield increased in relation to 2C value and to GC%. We showed that P. guajava (diploid) possesses two and P. guineense (tetraploid) four copies of the one specific TPS gene, as well as eight and sixteen copies respectively of the conserved regions that occur in eight TPS genes. We provide a wide “omics'' characterization of Psidium and show the outcome of the genome and epigenome variation in secondary metabolism.
