Causative agents of drug-induced acneiform eruptions

Causative agents of drug-induced acneiform eruptions

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This review focuses on the treatment options for adult female patients with acne. Acne in adult female patients may start during adolescence and persist or have an onset in adulthood. Acne has various psychosocial effects that impact patients' quality of life. Treatment of acne in adult women specifically has its challenges due to the consideration...

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... addition, underlying systemic causes for acne including hyperandrogenism should be assessed. Causes of drug-induced acne are detailed in Table 2. ...
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... therapies are considered one of the mainstay treatments for patients with mild-to-moderate acne (Nast et al., 2012). These topical Acne keloidalis nuchae Often seen in black patients; lesions localized to the posterior neck; initially papules and pustules that may progress to confluent keloids Acneiform eruptions Secondary to systemic medications, topical corticosteroid medications, contrast dye, and cosmetic products; may be abrupt in onset and correlation with exposure; improvement with cessation of exposure (See Table 2 for agents that cause drug-induced acne) Chloracne ...

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... Acne vulgaris, commonly known as acne, is a high incidence of pilosebaceous gland inflammation chronic skin disease, is also a big worry for many people in adolescence, its pathogenesis is not completely clear, Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes, formerly called propionibacterium acnes) is considered to be a very key factor [1]. Approximately 85% of adolescents worldwide are affected by acne, some of which may persist until adulthood [2]. Acne may appear as non-inflammatory (acne) and inflammatory (papules, pustules, cysts, nodules). ...
Article
Acne is a widespread and chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous glands affecting millions of people worldwide, particularly among adolescents. The current treatment method is mainly oral and smear medication, combined with a variety of physical and chemical therapy used as adjuvant therapy, alternative therapy or sequelae treatment. However, due to antibiotic resistance and bacteria evolve over time, need a vaccine as a new alternative treatment, in recent years, with the rapid development of molecular biology and immunology, based on specific antigen antibody technology acne vaccine has made significant progress, but there is still no successful development of acne vaccine. This paper analyzes the main four pathogenesis of acne and the current treatment, including oral and daub anti-inflammatory drugs and antibacterial drugs, supplemented by physical and chemical therapy, focus on the development of acne vaccine, present situation, challenges and future trend, hope to further promote the research and development of acne vaccine provide certain theoretical basis and reference value, and provide new ideas and methods for the prevention and treatment of acne. And acne pathogenesis complex and cannot determine the vaccine clinical trial effect these two problems are not solved, pathogenic mechanism involves multiple complex factors, a single vaccine may not have enough protective effect, difficult to completely prevent or cure acne, therefore, the next step need to consider targeting multiple pathogens and virulence factors combination of multivalent vaccine, and need for long-term clinical trials and observation.
... Acne (Acne vulgaris) is a common inflammatory skin disorder, which is the result of infection and the colonization of pilosebaceous follicles by the anaerobic Gram-positive bacterium Cutibacterium acnes. Bacterial colonization results in blockage and/or inflammation of the pilosebaceous follicles, with acne usually affecting adolescents (>85%), but sometimes persisting into adulthood [2]. Acne can adversely affect life quality of the people in both physiological and psychosocial ways. ...
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Galangal (Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd) and bitter ginger (Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Roscoe) are aromatic rhizomatous plants that are typically used for culinary purposes. These rhizomatous plants have many biological properties and the potential to be beneficial for pharmaceutics. In this study, we evaluated the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, with a specific focus on acne-causing bacteria, as well as the phytochemical constituents, of different parts of galangal and bitter ginger. The rhizomes, stems, and leaves of galangal and bitter ginger were separately dried for absolute ethanol and methanol extractions. The extracts were used to evaluate the antioxidant activity using a DPPH radical scavenging assay (0.005–5000 μg/mL), antimicrobial activity against acne-causing bacteria (0.50–31.68 mg/mL), and in vitro cytotoxicity toward human keratinocytes and fibroblasts (62.5–1000 μg/mL), as well as analyses of bioactive phytochemicals via GC-MS and LC-MS/MS (500 ppm). The ethanol and methanol extracts of bitter ginger and galangal’s rhizomes (BRhE, BRhM, GRhE, and GRhM), stems (BStE, BStM, GRhE, and GRhM), and leaves (BLeE, BLeM, GLeE, and GLeM), respectively, showed antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The extracts of all parts of bitter ginger and galangal were greatly antioxidative with 0.06–1.42 mg/mL for the IC50 values, while most of the extracts were strongly antimicrobial against C. acnes DMST 14916, particularly BRhM, BRhE, GRhM, and GRhE (MICs: 3.96–7.92 mg/mL). These rhizome extracts had also antimicrobial activities against S. aureus TISTR 746 (MICs: 7.92–31.68 mg/mL) and S. epidermidis TISTR 518 (MICs: 7.92–15.84 mg/mL). The extracts of bitter ginger and galangal rhizomes were not toxic to HaCaT and MRC-5 even at the highest concentrations. Through GC-MS and LC-MS/MS analysis, phytochemicals in bitter ginger rhizome extracts, including zerumbone, tectorigenin, piperic acid, demethoxycurcumin, and cirsimaritin, and galangal rhizome extracts, including sweroside and neobavaisoflavone, were expected to provide the antioxidant and anti-microbial activities. Therefore, the results suggest that the bitter ginger and galangal extracts could be natural anti-acne compounds with potential for pharmaceutic, cosmetic, and aesthetic applications.
... [1][2][3] AV management has been challenging because of various diagnostic parameters and treatment options globally accommodating each nation's condition. 3,4 Several acne guidelines are available in Indonesia, such as the consensus of the Indonesian Acne Expert Meeting (IAEM) in 2015 2 , clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) of the Indonesian Society of Dermatology and Venereology (INSDV) 5 and Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital 6 in 2017, which have similarities in the recommended treatment choices. These national guidelines emanate from the best available evidence and relevant international guidelines with some adjustments; however. ...
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Purpose To evaluate the effectiveness of standard therapy for acne vulgaris based on Indonesian guidelines. Patients and Methods New patients with acne vulgaris at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Central General Hospital, the national referral center in Indonesia, who met the criteria were included in this study. Patients were treated with standard therapy for acne vulgaris based on the 2017 guidelines of Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, depending on severity. Changes in the number of non-inflammatory, inflammatory, and total lesions and the proportion of acne severity after three months of therapy were analyzed retrospectively. Results Among the 131 subjects, 63.4% had moderate acne; 20.6% had mild acne, and 16% had severe acne at baseline. Most patients (29 (22.2%)) received a combination of retinoic acid, benzoyl peroxide, and topical or oral antibiotics. Standard therapies reduced the median of non-inflammatory (25 (5–135) vs 8 (0–53)), inflammatory (10 (0–93) vs 2 (0–22)), and total lesions (41 (10–160) vs 10 (1–71)) at week 12 (all p < 0.001). The proportion of acne severity differed significantly after three months, with an increasing proportion of mild acne (20.6% vs 93.1%) and a decreasing percentage of moderate and severe acne (moderate = 63.6% vs 6.1%; severe, 16% vs 0.8%; p < 0.001). Conclusion Standard therapy for acne vulgaris based on the clinical practice guidelines in Indonesia improved acne lesions and severity after 12 weeks. These results support the implementation of national guidelines for acne management in Indonesia, with the practice of improving antimicrobial stewardship.
... Patofisiologi Acne vulgaris menjelaskan adanya empat mekanisme atau faktor yang mempengaruhi timbulnya Acne vulgaris yaitu: (i) peningkatan hormon testosteron dan androgen yang berdampak terhadap produksi sebum berlebih karena terjadinya hiperplasia dan hipertrofi pada kelenjar sebasea; (ii) penyumbatan saluran kelenjar sebasea oleh keratin dan sebum; (iii) adanya bakteri Propionibacterium acnes atau P. acnes pada saluran kelenjar sebasea; dan (iv) terjadinya inflamasi mikrokomedo (Tan et al., 2018). ...
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Acne vulgaris adalah penyakit peradangan kulit yang meskipun tidak membahayakan jiwa, dapat memengaruhi estetika dan rasa percaya diri, bahkan menyebabkan kecemasan dan depresi, terutama pada remaja. Prevalensi tertinggi acne vulgaris terjadi pada usia 16 hingga 18 tahun, baik pada remaja laki-laki maupun perempuan. Salah satu faktor yang memengaruhi acne vulgaris adalah kebersihan wajah atau Personal Hygiene. Kebersihan wajah yang buruk menyebabkan kulit kotor dan berminyak, sehingga bakteri Propionibacterium acnes mudah berkembang biak dan menyebabkan acne vulgaris. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara personal hygiene wajah dan keparahan acne vulgaris pada remaja SMA Negeri 3 Jakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei analitik dengan rancangan potong lintang pada 91 siswa yang dipilih secara consecutive sampling. Data personal hygiene dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner, sedangkan keparahan acne vulgaris diukur menggunakan Global Acne Grading System (GAGS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hubungan bermakna antara personal hygiene wajah dan keparahan acne vulgaris, dengan p-value 0,000 dan korelasi negatif tinggi (r = -0,610). Sebum berlebih yang bercampur dengan kotoran dapat menutup pori-pori, menyebabkan inflamasi dan acne vulgaris. Remaja laki-laki cenderung memiliki keparahan acne vulgaris lebih tinggi dibandingkan perempuan, karena perempuan lebih menjaga kebersihan wajahnya.
... Acne, a prevalent and chronic inflammatory condition of the pilosebaceous follicles, affects over 85% of teenagers and can persist into adulthood, with females comprising two-thirds of dermatologist consultations for acne [1,2]. From a clinical perspective, acne manifests as open and closed comedones, papules, and pustules and can lead to significant dermal tissue damage and scarring over time. ...
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Acne is a common inflammatory condition characterized by comedones, papules, and pustules, often resulting from increased sebum production influenced by hormones such as insulin-like growth factor-1 and androgens. Factors like Cutibacterium acnes, medications, sun exposure, cosmetics, and genetics exacerbate acne. This study aims to assess the safety and effectiveness of a novel acne treatment regimen, including a cleanser and serum containing Diacnemide™, in improving acne symptoms in adults. This prospective, interventional, open-label, single-center, single-arm clinical study was designed to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and in-use tolerability of the test treatment regimen (serum + cleanser) for facial acne. Ethical approval was obtained from the Independent Ethics Committee, and all participants provided written consent. The study assessed changes in the severity of acne by dermatological assessmentusing the Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA) scale, changes in inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions, skin hydration, sebum levels, and facial blemishes using various bioinstrumentations from Courage+Khazaka Electronic GmbH, Germany - Visiopor® PP34N, Corneometer® CM 825, Sebumeter® SM 815, and Mexameter® MX 18, respectively. Evaluations were conducted at baseline, T15 minutes, day 8, and day 15 post-usage. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS (version 29.0.1.0) and Microsoft® Excel 2019 software, with results reported using p-values and confidence intervals at a 5% significance level.
... Iranian Journal of Dermatology, Vol 27, No 2, June 2024 addition, these individuals frequently experience a profound sense of isolation within society 2,3 . Acne affects women more frequently than men and is more severe in women 4,5 . The lingering redness and discoloration following acne vulgaris can impact an individual's self-perception of beauty. ...
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Background: Since the condition of the skin affects mental health, skin manifestations such as acne vulgaris might result in some psychosocial distress, including depression, anxiety, and social isolation. This study aimed to investigate feelings of loneliness and suicidal thoughts in patients with acne vulgaris. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 147 patients with acne vulgaris, who were referred to the skin clinics affiliated with Guilan University of Medical Sciences (Rasht, Iran) in 2020, were requested to complete the UCLA feelings of loneliness and the Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSSI) questionnaires. The patients’ demographical data and dermatological characteristics were recorded, and all data were analyzed using SPSS 21. P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean age of the participants was 26.75 ± 8.65 years, with females accounting for 83%. About 7.5% and 3.4% of patients had feelings of loneliness and suicidal thoughts, respectively. Being single was significantly associated with increased UCLA and BSSI scores (P < 0.05). Unemployment and using isotretinoin were correlated with higher BSSI scores (P < 0.05). The area under the ROC curve for predicting active or passive suicidal tendencies, based on the BSSI questionnaire and using the UCLA score, was 0.842, and the cut-off point of the UCLA score was 39.5, with sensitivity and specificity of 90% and 68.6%, respectively. A significant positive correlation was observed between the two questionnaires (r = 0.407, P < 0.001). Conclusion: A significant association between acne vulgaris and an increased risk of feelings of loneliness and suicidal thoughts demonstrated that dermatologists should consider the mental health status of these patients. Keywords: feelings of loneliness; suicidal ideation; acne vulgaris; skin manifestations
... Acne vulgaris is a common condition with a prevalence of approximately 85% and occurs mostly during adolescence [4]. Acne can persist into adulthood, with a 50.9% prevalence in women ages 20 to 29 years and 26.3% in women ages 40 to 49 years [5,6]. Adult female acne (AFA) affects women over the age of 25 and may persist continuously or manifest for the first time in adulthood [7]. ...
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Acne-prone skin is a common condition in adult women, and skin imperfections could affect quality of life and self-esteem. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of a cosmetic combination regimen for face care (a cleanser gel and a serum containing niacinamide, retinol, and alpha hydroxy acids). A total of 20 women with acne-prone mixed or oily skin were enrolled in a prospective 42-day trial. Sebum content, skin radiance, skin profilometry, and evaluation of face area occupied by pores were evaluated at baseline and after 14, 28, and 42 days. In addition, a face lipidomic evaluation was performed at baseline and after 42 days. Finally, self-assessment questionnaires at each visit checkpoint were performed to evaluate efficacy and tolerability of the tested products. All the subjects but one concluded the study. Both products were very well tolerated and 84% of the subjects reported a global clinical improvement. Skin sebum content was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced at each of the evaluation time points (−9.9% at day 14, −19.4% at day 28, and −23.7% at day 42). The tested regimen significantly decreased the gloss parameter (mattifying effect) at day 14, 28, and 42, with a maximum reduction of 7.2% at the end of the study period. The pores area demonstrated a significant reduction at each of the checkpoint evaluations in comparison with baseline. Inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions were significantly reduced by 16% at day 28 and day 42 (p < 0.01). Lipidomic analysis demonstrated that this cosmetic face care regimen induced significant and positive effects in face sebum lipids composition, characterized by a significant increase in ceramides and triacylglycerols and a decrease in fatty acids and oxidized fatty acids.
... 6 For moderate acne, the adapalene + BPO combination was preferred [38]. 7 For women, oral contraceptives were considered a treatment option. However, dermatologists stressed that patients must be screened for contraindications and informed about the side effects of oral contraceptive pills before prescribing them [25]. ...
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Acne vulgaris, a prevalent inflammatory skin condition, significantly impacts individuals worldwide, particularly adolescents and adults. Its chronic nature, associated sequelae, and psychosocial impact underscore the substantial burden it poses. Current treatment guidelines primarily address facial acne, with limited guidance on managing truncal acne. Personalized approaches are increasingly recognized as essential for tailoring treatments to individual patient needs. This review integrates insights from an Indian Dermatology Experts' Meeting, featuring perspectives from nine leading dermatologists. Discussions centered on analyzing acne's burden, its effects on quality of life (QoL), unmet needs in management, trifarotene's role in Indian therapy, anticipated challenges, and the importance of ancillary care. The experts highlighted acne's profound impact on patients' QoL and identified gaps in current management guidelines, especially concerning truncal acne. Trifarotene, a fourth-generation topical retinoid approved by the FDA and Drug Controller General of India (DCGI) for facial and truncal acne, demonstrated safety and efficacy across age groups. This synthesis of expert perspectives underscores the need for personalized acne management. Trifarotene emerges as a promising therapeutic option but challenges remain, particularly in optimizing ancillary care to minimize treatment-related adverse effects. Addressing these issues will enhance treatment outcomes and patient satisfaction in acne management, emphasizing the importance of tailored approaches in clinical practice.
... Acne vulgaris is a disease of the pilosebaceous unit that results in non-inflammatory lesions, such as open and closed comedones, inflammatory lesions, such as papules, pustules, and nodules, as well as scarring of varied degrees [5] . Atrophic acne scarring is very common, with reports indicating some degree of scarring in up to >87% of patients with mild to moderate acne but severe or very severe acne was most likely to develop scarring [6] . ...
... Acne vulgaris is a multifactorial, chronic disorder of the pilosebaceous unit that manifests as inflammatory and noninflammatory lesions. 1 It mainly affects the face, but the neck, back, trunk, and chest are also commonly affected sites. 1,2 Global skin disease prevalence studies report that acne continues to be the most common skin condition, making it the eighth most prevalent disease in the world. 2 Nearly 9.4% of the world population is affected by acne vulgaris. ...
... Acne vulgaris is a multifactorial, chronic disorder of the pilosebaceous unit that manifests as inflammatory and noninflammatory lesions. 1 It mainly affects the face, but the neck, back, trunk, and chest are also commonly affected sites. 1,2 Global skin disease prevalence studies report that acne continues to be the most common skin condition, making it the eighth most prevalent disease in the world. 2 Nearly 9.4% of the world population is affected by acne vulgaris. 2 While it mostly affects adolescents, it even persists into adulthood. ...
Article
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Acne is a common skin condition affecting adolescents and young adults, characterized by the blockage of sebaceous glands along with bacterial colonization of the follicular duct and inflammation. Collagen and tissue damage secondary to acne inflammation brings about severe skin texture changes, including scarring. Timely treatment initiation is crucial to prevent acne progression to scarring. Topical retinoids, topical oral antimicrobials, or a combination of both are recommended as the first-line therapy for acne. The objective of the present survey was to assess the role of 0.3% adapalene/2.5% benzoyl peroxide (BPO) combination in those with mild-moderate acne. The objective of the present survey was to assess the role of 0.3% adapalene/2.5% BPO combination in those with mild-moderate acne. : A total of 438 healthcare professionals (dermatologists and cosmetologists) participated in the survey, through which their patients’ experiences with the product were recorded. : A significant proportion of the patient population (31%) experienced improvement just after 2 weeks of treatment with the combination. Most patients (84%) also found it easy to include the product in their skincare regime. Most healthcare professionals and patients (>80%) rated the effectiveness and tolerability of the intervention as ‘good’ to ‘excellent’. : The survey confirms the 0.3% adapalene/2.5% BPO combination as an efficacious, easy-to-use topical treatment option for moderate to severe acne with the potential to impact acne scars, in line with findings from other studies examining the effect of this combination.