Fig 8 - uploaded by Daniel Kaplan
Content may be subject to copyright.
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... where they would not go without the presence of their caretakers. An important component is also the care of caretakers for their child's safety and basic needs, such as helping small children to get off trees or attractions. Based on this, it can be argued that caretakers serve as an affordance, allowing children a certain kind of movement (Fig. 8). On the other hand, fear can also be approached negatively through various bans or simply by holding a hand while walking. Caretakers sometimes use a public space for children as a place to learn. Smaller children learn to ride a bike, kick a ball, throw a frisbee, or, with bigger children, play table tennis. In most cases, caretakers ...
Context 2
... where they would not go without the presence of their caretakers. An important component is also the care of caretakers for their child's safety and basic needs, such as helping small children to get off trees or attractions. Based on this, it can be argued that caretakers serve as an affordance, allowing children a certain kind of movement (Fig. 8). On the other hand, fear can also be approached negatively through various bans or simply by holding a hand while walking. Caretakers sometimes use a public space for children as a place to learn. Smaller children learn to ride a bike, kick a ball, throw a frisbee, or, with bigger children, play table tennis. In most cases, caretakers ...
Similar publications
ResumenObjetivo: En los últimos veinte años Montevideo ha sido protagonista de un aumento sostenido de la violencia contra las personas, junto a su concentración territorial. Este artículo tiene por objetivo indagar sobre la exposición a la violencia en el espacio público de niños, niñas y adolescentes en un municipio periférico de la ciudad. Métod...
Citations
... Observations. In the reviewed studies (Table 3), systematic and participant observations are commonly used to explore how children appropriate, use, interact with, and experience their surrounding built environment (Janik, 2024;Agha et al., 2019;Kaplan, 2021;Prieske et al., 2015;Krishnamurthy, 2019;Guo et al., 2023). systematically observed children's interaction with certain space boundaries, such as fences, observing 167 h in three playgrounds. ...
... Fences enhance their curiosity as an element to play with, interact with, and climb on. Similarly, Kaplan (2021) revealed the actual affordances of the environment in enriching children's playing experiences, showing how they re-purpose the space's architectural elements and physical features, such as statues, climbable objects, shelters, and walls. Across the reviewed studies, systematic observations are combined with interviews and participatory methods for children's interpretations. ...
Purpose
The aim is to examine, critique, and synthesize commonly used methodological approaches that capture middle-aged children’s experiences of their physical environments.
Design/methodology/approach
The systematic review identified 174 empirical studies from peer-reviewed journals published in English between 2014 and 2023. Fifty-two studies met the inclusion criteria. A thematic analysis (1) identified study characteristics and common methodological approaches, (2) synthesized the literature to reveal major themes and trends, and (3) pointed out significant research gaps.
Findings
Qualitative methods, combining traditional and participatory approaches, are most effective in capturing children’s spatial experiences. Participatory methods offer more authentic insights and reduce power imbalances compared to traditional methods. Place-based methods, such as child-led walks and participant observations, are particularly valuable for capturing the multidimensional and sensory aspects of children’s interactions with their environments.
Research limitations/implications
The choice of keywords, selected databases, and the English-language criterion restricted the number of captured reviewed articles that might contribute to the topic.
Originality/value
This systematic review contributes to a deeper understanding of the methodological approaches used in researching middle-aged children’s experiences of their physical environments. It highlights common strategies used with children to communicate their experience of place, identifying the strengths and limitations of each method. Additionally, the review discusses the various aspects of space revealed by different methods.
... This research tends to focus on specific population groups, rather than exploring the broader implications of this relationship. For instance, Kaplan (2021) examined how children use various public spaces in housing estates, while Spilkov� a (2015) focused on children's leisure activities in space and potentially risky behaviours and Frydrych (2023) examined the alterations in the rhythms of children's everyday lives during the Covid-19 pandemic. Regarding older adults, Temelov� a and Dvo� r� akov� a (2012) researched residential satisfaction of older adults in the regenerating Prague inner city, while Gal� canov� a and S� ykorov� a (2015) investigated how older adults cope with changing urban environments. ...
Neighbourhoods play a crucial role in residents’ everyday lives. People become attached to neighbourhood attributes throughout their lives and various activities performed within residential environments. Everyday time-space mobility routines actively impact how residents connect with their neighbourhoods. This paper aims to analyse residents’ links with their residential surroundings arising from their everyday spatial behaviours. It examines the topic in two dynamically transforming neighbourhood types in the Prague Metropolitan Area and from the perspectives of two population groups: older children from the suburbs and older adults from the gentrifying inner city. The study adopted qualitative data analysis using semi-structured interviews. Both groups fulfil neighbourhood attachments through various obligatory and optional movement types as well as accompanying social ties that constitute an important part of such moves. The neighbourhood links achieved through movement are shaped by complex mechanisms that occur at various spatial and temporal scales adding to the variety of functional and affective meanings of everyday mobility practices. They emerge along life-course shifts of individuals, changes in the neighbourhoods and activities happening within these spatial contexts. Residents then use numerous adaptive strategies to adjust their movements (and in turn their links with the neighbourhoods) to the combined effects of those conditions.
... The place provided affordances and the young visitors perceived many of them. The nature of the affordances, like the mode of territorial production, varied significantly with respect to the physical characteristics of the person or if the person was part of a group, i.e., family or friends (Kaplan, 2021). In the case of the territorial appropriation of the outdoor gym, the discrepancy between the users' intentions and actual use is again materialised and can be captured by affordances (Kesner, 2009). ...
The ongoing Covid-19 pandemic has not only presented novel challenges but has also brought to light previously unaddressed issues, such as children's rights, their interdependence on adults, and the vulnerability of children concerning their mental well-being. The pandemic has served to accentuate the distinction between those spaces that have traditionally been designated for children or adults, and the manner in which they coexist. Some researchers posit that this phenomenon can be attributed to the emphasis placed on so-called child-friendly spaces. This article presents a critical examination of and challenge to the concept of child-friendly places, advocating for a shift towards multigenerational places. This critique draws on data from an observational study conducted in a community playground in Brno, Czechia. The concept of territorial production was employed as a tool to unveil the intricate assemblage of ever-changing control over territories and power dynamics within the playground among its visitors. The findings offer valuable insights into the practices through which children assert temporary control over spaces that are considered to be communal. Teenagers employ loud music or personal belongings to mark their territory, while younger children utilise movement to establish control. Territorial production coexists with those of the adults who also frequent the site. This highlights the necessity to create environments that are conducive to the needs of both children and adults, discouraging the design of exclusive spaces for children. The promotion of a multigenerational city can foster inclusivity, whereby the diverse needs and behaviours of different age groups within shared spaces are recognised and accommodated.
... While access to water may not be universal, where it is available, children are naturally drawn to interact with it, regardless of whether it is explicitly designed for play (Kates and Katz, 1977). Various forms of water, such as ponds, waterfalls, ditches, rivers, fountains, and puddles, provide valuable features that support activities like pouring, mixing, splashing, and floating (Gülgönen and Corona, 2015;Kaplan, 2021). Bozkurt et al. (2018) and Bozkurt and Woolley (2020) conducted a case study in Sheffield, exploring child-water affordances and their relationship with age, temperature, and gender. ...
... Indeed, various materials offer affordances for children's play and contribute to the development of social and individual competences. Gravel (Kaplan, 2021), sand (Said, 2006), leaves, branches (Arvidsen, 2018;Laaksoharju et al., 2012), and stones (Rautio, 2013) are among the materials that children can engage with in their play. Playing with materials like gravel and sand can stimulate constructive and symbolic play (Fjørtoft and Sageie, 2000). ...
... It is important to note that while the case study extended across multiple seasons, there was one winter season in which snow was scarce, which affected the number of observation notes gathered. Since this research was part of a broader study conducted throughout different seasons (Kaplan, 2021), there was no rigid restriction imposed on the winter season, particularly considering that snow is primarily present during winter. The primary focus was on examining the physical interactions between children and their environment, specifically their interactions with snow, which were easily distinguishable during observations. ...
The presence of children in outdoor activities has been continuously declining in recent years, which negatively impacts their mental and physical health. Research has highlighted the positive effects of nature interactions on children's manual skills, socialization, and overall well-being. However, most studies have focused on regions with stable winter snow or warm regions without snow. In this study, drawing on affordance theory, both children and snow are considered as agents to examine child-snow interactions. Data were collected during the 2017/2018, 2018/2019, and 2019/2020 winter seasons, utilizing covert observation as the primary research method. The findings demonstrate that children's presence and interactions varied with the seasons, highlighting the influence of snow on public spaces and how its temporality attracts and motivates children to previously unoccupied areas.
This research aims to explore the perceptions of residents regarding environmental factors and theft in Calabar South Local Government Area of Cross River State, Nigeria. To achieve the purpose of the study two hypotheses was formulated. Relevant literature was reviewed and two theories employed to explain the phenomenon under study. Pearson Product Moment Correlation Analysis statistical tool was utilized to test the hypotheses. The results revealed that, a significant relationship exist between the aforementioned environmental features and theft. Based on the findings, the study recommended among other things to include: the need for homeowners to block unnecessary access points within their premises that are used by pedestrians to reach other streets or houses; government should facilitate the provision of affordable housing in the area to alleviate congestion resulting from the limited availability of buildings, which underscores the significance of addressing crowded and permeable premises as crucial contributors to theft- whence possible to mitigate the prevalence of theft and enhance the safety and well-being of residents in the area.
