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Capsules of Bryum archangelicum (B. inclinatum auct.) to show correlation of several characters with size of capsule mouth: (A, B) small-mouthed capsules; (C, D) capsules with intermediate mouth size; (E) large-mouthed capsule; (F) external view of portion of mouth of small-mouthed capsule to show exothecial cells and exostome; (G) external view of portion of mouth of large-mouthed capsule to show exothecial cells and exostome; in A-E small glossy exothecial cells near capsule mouth are shown shaded. Scale bars: A-E51.0 mm; F and G 5 200 mm. All capsules were drawn from dry specimens from the same gathering (Sweden, Sö dermanland, Dalaro, leg. M. Huss, 1886, S).
Source publication
The genus Bryum has more currently recognized species (ca 90) than any other moss genus in Europe and a reputation for taxonomic difficulty. It also includes numerous rare species, with 17 treated in the British Red Data Book. Despite large reductions over the past seventy years in the number of European taxa treated as species, several of the curr...
Contexts in source publication
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... synonymy proposed is therefore: Size of the capsule mouth is variable within B. inclinatum auct. (5 B. archangelicum). A large gathering of good material with mature and dehiscing capsules (Sweden, Sö dermanland, Dalarö ; leg. M. Huss; S) was examined in detail because within the same three tufts it includes small- mouthed capsules (ca 30, see Fig. 1A, B), large-mouthed capsules (ca 70, see Fig. 1E) and intermediate capsules (9, Fig. 1C, D). These plants were otherwise similar to each other and typical of B. inclinatum auct. in their synoicous sexuality, spore size (27-33.5 mm), lack of perforations in the exostome teeth, endostome with short to rudimentary cilia, processes with medium ...
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... mouth is variable within B. inclinatum auct. (5 B. archangelicum). A large gathering of good material with mature and dehiscing capsules (Sweden, Sö dermanland, Dalarö ; leg. M. Huss; S) was examined in detail because within the same three tufts it includes small- mouthed capsules (ca 30, see Fig. 1A, B), large-mouthed capsules (ca 70, see Fig. 1E) and intermediate capsules (9, Fig. 1C, D). These plants were otherwise similar to each other and typical of B. inclinatum auct. in their synoicous sexuality, spore size (27-33.5 mm), lack of perforations in the exostome teeth, endostome with short to rudimentary cilia, processes with medium to narrow perforations and bordered, ...
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... auct. (5 B. archangelicum). A large gathering of good material with mature and dehiscing capsules (Sweden, Sö dermanland, Dalarö ; leg. M. Huss; S) was examined in detail because within the same three tufts it includes small- mouthed capsules (ca 30, see Fig. 1A, B), large-mouthed capsules (ca 70, see Fig. 1E) and intermediate capsules (9, Fig. 1C, D). These plants were otherwise similar to each other and typical of B. inclinatum auct. in their synoicous sexuality, spore size (27-33.5 mm), lack of perforations in the exostome teeth, endostome with short to rudimentary cilia, processes with medium to narrow perforations and bordered, ovate-lanceolate leaves with red basal cells. ...
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... spore size (27-33.5 mm), lack of perforations in the exostome teeth, endostome with short to rudimentary cilia, processes with medium to narrow perforations and bordered, ovate-lanceolate leaves with red basal cells. Various characters of their exothecial cells, operculum and exostome teeth varied in close relation to size of the capsule mouth ( Fig. 1) and it appears that a closely correlated suite of character states is involved that are likely to show causal relationships to each other. Recognition of such causal correlations in character states is important since erroneous treatment of the characters as independent would result in an exaggerated impression of their taxonomic ...
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... the specimen from Dalarö , a small capsule mouth was associated with a wide band of glossy incrassate cells below the capsule mouth that included several outermost rows of transversely rectangular cells with greatly thickened walls (Fig. 1F), whereas this band was narrower in large- mouthed capsules and the transversely rectangular cells were lacking (Fig. 1G); the band was of intermediate width in capsules with intermediate mouth size. The small capsule mouth had apparently resulted from its expansion being constrained during growth by the strong and wide band of ...
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... specimen from Dalarö , a small capsule mouth was associated with a wide band of glossy incrassate cells below the capsule mouth that included several outermost rows of transversely rectangular cells with greatly thickened walls (Fig. 1F), whereas this band was narrower in large- mouthed capsules and the transversely rectangular cells were lacking (Fig. 1G); the band was of intermediate width in capsules with intermediate mouth size. The small capsule mouth had apparently resulted from its expansion being constrained during growth by the strong and wide band of incrassate cells; conversely, large capsule mouths appar- ently result from lack of such constraint to outward growth. ...
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... width in capsules with intermediate mouth size. The small capsule mouth had apparently resulted from its expansion being constrained during growth by the strong and wide band of incrassate cells; conversely, large capsule mouths appar- ently result from lack of such constraint to outward growth. Small-mouthed capsules had a conical operculum (Fig. 1A), whereas the operculum over large-mouthed capsules was low-conical to almost flat with a lower apiculus (Fig. 1D); intermediate capsules had intermediate opercula. The relationship between size and form of the opercula and mouth size can be explained as consequences of differing amounts of outwards 'stretching' of the operculum as it ...
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... being constrained during growth by the strong and wide band of incrassate cells; conversely, large capsule mouths appar- ently result from lack of such constraint to outward growth. Small-mouthed capsules had a conical operculum (Fig. 1A), whereas the operculum over large-mouthed capsules was low-conical to almost flat with a lower apiculus (Fig. 1D); intermediate capsules had intermediate opercula. The relationship between size and form of the opercula and mouth size can be explained as consequences of differing amounts of outwards 'stretching' of the operculum as it grows simultaneously with outward growth of the capsule mouth; 'stretching' being greatest with the large capsule ...
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... characters also varied in direct relation to size of the capsule mouth (cf. Fig. 1F, G). With large-mouthed capsules the teeth were considerably longer (to ca 590 mm cf. 330 mm) and separated at the capsule rim by wider gaps (44-69 mm cf. 12-35 mm). It appears that, during capsule maturation, growth of the exostome teeth results in them closing the capsule mouth, although the mechanism by Journal of Bryology bry644.3d ...
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... rufifolium (Dixon) Demaret & R.Wilczek in R. Wilczek & Demaret, Bull. Jard. Bot. Belg. 52, p. 458, Fig. 8, 1982 (syn. nov.). Spence (1996) proposed that B. capillare and some other Bryum with rosulate leaves should be segregated in the new genus Rosulabryum, to which Ochyra, Z ˙ arnowiec & Bednarek-Ochyra (2003) added 19 more combinations. However, Rosulabryum is not adopted here because DNA sequence data imply it is polyphyletic, a rosulate habit and ...
Citations
... However, despite the increasing use of integrated taxonomic approaches combining morphological and molecular analyses (e.g. Pedersen 2000, Cox and Heddersen 2003, Pedersen et al. 2003, Holyoak 2004, Holyoak and Hedenäs 2006, Hills et al. 2010, phylogenetic relationships within this genus remain to be resolved. ...
Bryum is a moss genus that is widely distributed across the planet. Many of its species are characterized by large phenotypic and morphological plasticity, generating uncertainty in species identification exclusively based on morphological characteristics. In Antarctica, the extreme and harsh environmental conditions are further likely to promote intra-specific morphological variation, leading to complexity in the taxonomic attribution of Bryum species. In this study, we apply molecular phylogenetic analyses to assist in developing accurate species identification of B. pseudotriquetrum and two other relatively abundant Bryum species (B. archangelicum and B. pallescens) currently reported as Antarctic species.
A total of 51 Bryum samples collected in Antarctica (22) and from all other continents (29) were sequenced for ITS nrDNA and rps4 cpDNA regions, using markers widely used in moss phylogenetic studies. Phylogenetic trees were constructed including ITS (23) and rps4 (34) sequences representing the three more frequent of the seven Bryum species currently reported from Antarctica as well as several other Bryum species and related genera, incorporating all sequence data available in the literature and accessible databases. The molecular analyses provide strong support for a match between morphological and molecular attribution of specimens identified as B. pseudotriquetrum. The data also provide evidence of currently unrecognized Bryum diversity in Antarctica, with the identification of one individual of B. uliginosum. However, the analyses suggest that all Antarctic specimens currently assigned to other Bryum species are morphological variants of B. pseudotriquetrum. The integration of molecular and morphological analyses supports the presence of B. pseudotriquetrum as the most widely distributed species of the genus in Antarctica and of B. uliginosum with a much more restricted distribution (South Sandwich Islands). Our data suggest that further investigation is required of B. archangelicum and B. pallescens in other continents globally, as the identity of none of the herbarium specimens examined in this study could be confirmed with molecular data.
... As a terricolous species, it was found on bare soil in the Pinižula locality. Bryum barnesii was usually regarded as a distinct species in Central Europe (e.g. , 1980, 1980Demaret, 1993), but many plants and populations intermediate between B. barnesii and B. dichotomum do occur (Smith & Whitehouse, 1978;Holyoak, 2003Holyoak, , 2004. Both species belong to the complex of forms allied to B. bicolor Discks. in which six taxa are recognized . ...
Bryophyte flora of the Significant Landscape Lower ”Kamenjak and Medulin Archipelago” in Istria (western Croatia) was studied from 2019 to 2021. The study resulted in a list of 14 liverwort and 60 moss taxa. Tortula pallida, Bryum gemmilucens, Microbryum davallianum var. conicum and Microbryum muticum are new national records. The prevalence of Mediterranean-Atlantic, temperate and southern-temperate chorotypes corresponds well with the biogeographical characteristics of the studied area. The turf life-form and colonist life strategy, predominantly represented by small Pottiaceae species, prevailed within the study. They mostly inhabited periodically moist soil of open habitats in olive groves, maquis and garrigues. This study aimed to address the significant lack of current data on bryophytes in coastal parts of Croatia.
... Those taxa bearing filamentous axillary gemmae are known as R. moravicum, a characteristic species which is frequent on tree trunks, branches and rotten wood. It may occur, however although more rarely, on thin soils over rocks in woodland (for the confusion with Bryum flaccidum auct., B. laevifilum Syed and B. subelegans Kindb., see Holyoak, 2004). At present, the species is known in the Near and Middle East only from Iraq and Saudi Arabia (Kürschner & Frey, 2011 (NISM, 2004(NISM, -2017. ...
... has larger and fewer bulbils, and B. gemmiferum R.Wilczek & Demaret up to 30 smaller bulbils per leaf axil. Holyoak (2004) considers size and number of bulbils to be variable and therefore includes B. barnesii in the synonymy of B. dichotomum Hedw. However, according to the experience of continental bryologists, the two taxa Earlier reports of B. barnesii in Hungary (Dü ll, 1985) proved to be unsubstantiated (Erzberger & Papp, 2004), thus the taxon is missing in the latest checklist (Papp et al., 2010), nor was it reported in a survey of the genus in Hungary (Erzberger & Schrö der, 2013). ...
... 18. As follow-up to the work of taxonomic revision conducted by Holyoak (2004), it is necessary to review the herbarium samples of B. funckii and of B. caespiticium complex in general. 19. ...
... Bryum kunzei had long been considered a synonym of Bryum caespiticium var. imbricatum Bruch & Schimp., but according to recent taxonomic accounts (Holyoak, 2004; Guerra et al., 2010) it is an independent species distinguished by its concave leaves with plane and unbordered margins, quadrate to shortly rectangular marginal basal cells and a shorter excurrent nerve. It exhibits a widespread distribution occurring in North America and in Europe from Great Britain and the Azores to the Mediterranean area where it has recently been reported in Corsica (Sotiaux et al., 2007). ...
... Bryum kunzei had long been considered a synonym of Bryum caespiticium var. imbricatum Bruch & Schimp., but according to recent taxonomic accounts (Holyoak, 2004;Guerra et al., 2010) it is an independent species distinguished by its concave leaves with plane and unbordered margins, quadrate to shortly rectangular marginal basal cells and a shorter excurrent nerve. ...
... Although it is a relatively common species in Spain, where it is present in more than 12 provinces, found on soil overlying rocks and in rock crevices at altitudes between 100 and 3200 m (Guerra et al., 2010), this is the first record of this species in Portugal. The Portuguese material has morphological characteristics that agree with those given by Holyoak (2004). ...
Iran: Gilan province, Masouleh to Khalkhal road,
48u499E, 37u159N, 1400 m, on moist soil, 2 June 1996,
leg. S. Shirzadian 0297 (IRAN).
This species is found in very wet and damp
grasslands and is distributed in Europe, America
and Asia (Smith, 2004).
Many bryologists (e.g. Lawton, 1971; Horton &
Vitt, 1976) have elaborately discussed the distinctiveness
of Climacium dendroides and C. americanum Brid.
These two species differ in the shape of their leaves,
leaf cells, capsule size and peristome structure (Crum
& Anderson, 1981). Shaw et al. (1994) indicated that,
despite a lack of complete morphological discontinuity,
C. americanum and C. dendroides are evolutionary
distinct; reproductively isolated species. We concur
with Shaw et al. (1994) that, among these taxa, there is
no evidence that morphological intergradations could
be caused by interspecific hybridization.
This newly reported Iranian specimen of C. dendroides
was sterile, and represents a new record for the
family Climaciaceae in Iran. The Climaciaceae are
rather rare in the near and Middle East, represented
only by a single species, i.e. Climacium dendroides,
which was reported from Turkey (U¨ nal, 1973).
... ), and in view of its presence in Spain it was expected that it would be recognised in Portugal. Though very distinct and well-defined (Holyoak, 2004), this Bryum has not been unanimously recognised, and some authors have considered it to be conspecific with a broadly defined B. capillare. However Demaret et al. (1993) and Holyoak (2004) have adopted consistent taxonomic criteria based on the presence of axillary filamentous gemmae, generally narrowly decurrent leaves with plane margins, and a predominantly epiphytic habitat. ...
... Though very distinct and well-defined (Holyoak, 2004), this Bryum has not been unanimously recognised, and some authors have considered it to be conspecific with a broadly defined B. capillare. However Demaret et al. (1993) and Holyoak (2004) have adopted consistent taxonomic criteria based on the presence of axillary filamentous gemmae, generally narrowly decurrent leaves with plane margins, and a predominantly epiphytic habitat. It is also listed as an independent species in the recent European checklist (Hill et al., 2006). ...
... The current range of B. moravicum extends from North and Central Europe to Morocco and North America (Kučera & Holyoak, 2005), and in view of its presence in Spain it was expected that it would be recognised in Portugal. Though very distinct and well-defined (Holyoak, 2004), this Bryum has not been unanimously recognised, and some authors have considered it to be conspecific with a broadly defined B. capillare. However Demaret et al. (1993) and Holyoak (2004) have adopted consistent taxonomic criteria based on the presence of axillary filamentous gemmae, generally narrowly decurrent leaves with plane margins, and a predominantly epiphytic habitat. ...
... Though very distinct and well-defined (Holyoak, 2004), this Bryum has not been unanimously recognised, and some authors have considered it to be conspecific with a broadly defined B. capillare. However Demaret et al. (1993) and Holyoak (2004) have adopted consistent taxonomic criteria based on the presence of axillary filamentous gemmae, generally narrowly decurrent leaves with plane margins, and a predominantly epiphytic habitat. It is also listed as an independent species in the recent European checklist (Hill et al., 2006). ...
... ), and in view of its presence in Spain it was expected that it would be recognised in Portugal. Though very distinct and well-defined (Holyoak, 2004), this Bryum has not been unanimously recognised, and some authors have considered it to be conspecific with a broadly defined B. capillare. However Demaret et al. (1993) and Holyoak (2004) have adopted consistent taxonomic criteria based on the presence of axillary filamentous gemmae, generally narrowly decurrent leaves with plane margins, and a predominantly epiphytic habitat. ...
... Though very distinct and well-defined (Holyoak, 2004), this Bryum has not been unanimously recognised, and some authors have considered it to be conspecific with a broadly defined B. capillare. However Demaret et al. (1993) and Holyoak (2004) have adopted consistent taxonomic criteria based on the presence of axillary filamentous gemmae, generally narrowly decurrent leaves with plane margins, and a predominantly epiphytic habitat. It is also listed as an independent species in the recent European checklist (Hill et al., 2006). ...
