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Background/Objective
There is increasing evidence that positive life changes, such as posttraumatic growth (PTG), can result from the experience of coping with cancer. However, no interventions have been specifically designed to facilitate the development of PTG in cancer. In this article, we describe and assess the results of Positive Psychotherap...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... analysis of variance were performed to study the psychological changes between groups at T0 and T1 as well as the stability of the effects of the PPC at follow-up, and the reported effect size is partial 2. To examine the corroboration of PTG, intraclass correlation and simple linear regression were used, as appropriate reporting, respectively, ICC and lineal regression coefficients (B), as well as 95% confidence intervals. In Figure 1 shows a flowchart of the numbers of participants recruited and allocated to each group, followed-up, and analyzed. Of the 158 patients recruited, 28 refused to participate because of health issues (n = 6), lack of time (n = 9), and lack of interest (n = 13). ...
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Objective:
Head-and-neck cancer (HNC) and its treatment impact patients' quality of life (QoL) and survival. The symptom burden of HNC survivors severely affects QoL, while hope serves as an impetus for adjustment that enables survivors to sustain basic QoL. This study investigated the change of QoL, symptom burden, and hope and the predictors of...
Citations
... Post-traumatic growth (PTG) is characterized by five areas: (1) increased appreciation for life, (2) more meaningful relationships, (3) increased sense of personal strength, (4) identifying new priorities, and (5) a richer existential and spiritual life [18]. According to some studies, PTG can improve the quality of life and boost the psychological state in people who experience traumatic events [17,19]. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Kristine Olson and Martin Huecker emphasized the importance of investigating PTG and its facilitators among nurses [20,21]. ...
Background
Despite the negative outcomes, exposure to a crisis may cause people to experience positive changes. This study aims to analyze the prevalence of post-traumatic growth (PTG) and its relevant factors among nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Method
The research protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022329671), and PRISMA steps were taken in this study. PubMed, Scopus and ProQuest were explored on 1/9/2022 to create the research database. According to the inclusion criterion, all studies analyzing the prevalence of post-traumatic growth through the PTG Inventory were considered eligible. They were all qualitatively assessed through the modified version of the Quality Assessment Checklist for prevalence studies.
Results
A total of 15 papers met the inclusion criterion (n = 22756). According to the research results, the prevalence of PTG was randomly calculated ES [95% Conf. Interval = 0.15 [0.12–0.17]), and heterogeneity was reported I2 = 98.52% (P = 0.000). The results also indicated that the mean score of PTGI decreased in nurses as their work experience and mean age increased. However, the effect was not statistically significant for the mean age (P = 0.06). According to the results, the PTGI score decreased in nurses with more work experience, a finding which was statistically significant (P = 0.04).
Conclusion
This meta-analysis determined a 15% prevalence rate of PTG in nurses. Psychological interventions should be developed and applied to older nurses with more work experience in order to mitigate the harm caused by the pandemic and its consequent crises.
... 6 Positive psychology interventions have shown their important effects in increasing passivity. 7 Ryff considers psychological well-being as a person's effort to grow and progress, to flourish his potential abilities. It includes 6 dimensions: Autonomy, Personal Growth, Environmental Mastery, Purpose in Life, Self-Acceptance, and Positive Relations with Others. ...
Background
Having a parent with cancer is one of the risk factors for adolescents, which makes them face many psychological problems. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of Happiness Educational Program of Fordyce on the sense of coherence and psychological well-being of adolescents who have a parent with cancer.
Methods
In this randomized clinical trial study, 92 adolescents whose diagnosed parents have referred to the oncology ward of Shahid Rajaei Hospital in Yasuj, from June to September 2021, were selected through the convenience sampling method; however, they were randomly assigned to one of the two groups of the intervention or control. The number of sessions in the intervention group was 6, each consisting of 60 minutes and performed one day a week for 6 weeks. In addition to the demographic information form, the Antonovsky’s Sense of Coherence Questionnaire-13 and the Ryff’s scale of Psychological Well-being-18 were used before and immediately after the intervention. Data were analyzed through SPSS software, version 21, using statistical tests of Chi-square, t-test, Fisher’s exact, Mann-Whitney, and Wilcoxon.
Results
After the intervention, statistically significant differences were observed in the median scores of the sense of coherence (P<0.001) and psychological well-being (P<0.001) between the two groups of intervention and control.
Conclusion
Although the Happiness Educational Program of Fordyce could improve the sense of coherence and psychological well-being of adolescents who have a parent with cancer, more investigations are recommended to be conducted.
Trial Registration Number: IRCT20210331050795N1.
... Furthermore, this study highlights that among women with breast cancer, higher levels of positive emotions correlate with increased levels of PTG. These findings align with previous studies among cancer patients and survivors, indicating that positive affect plays a crucial role in fostering the experience of PTG Ochoa et al., 2017). ...
The current observational study aimed to examine the relationship between mindfulness and posttraumatic growth (PTG) among patients with breast cancer. Additionally, it explores the mediating role of illness perceptions and positive emotions. A total of 697 women with breast cancer were recruited from four clinical sites as part of the Bounce project in Finland, Portugal, Italy, and Israel. The study measures were mindfulness (MAAS), illness perceptions (IPQ), positive affect (PANAS), and post-traumatic growth (PTGI) at three time points: near the time of diagnosis, 6 months, and 12 months post-diagnosis. A higher level of mindfulness was associated with perceptions of the illness as less chronic. Specifically, the perception of a limited timeline of breast cancer was associated with positive emotions, thus leading to enhanced PTG. Emphasis should be placed on promoting mindfulness, elaborating on illness perceptions, and maintaining positive affect as part of clinical interventions for PTG among breast cancer patients.
... In order to thrive, not just survive, after a traumatic life event, it is essential to understand the psychological mechanisms that will facilitate adaptation and personal development. To date, it has been established that gratitude, intentional reflection, sharing negative emotions or experiences, adaptive coping styles such as positive reappraisal, and mindfulness practices have a positive impact on PTG (Henson et al., 2021;Ochoa et al., 2016). There are studies aimed at understanding the impact of metacognitive strategies on the ability to respond to negative emotions after traumatic events (Li et al., 2020). ...
The purpose of the article was to find out the role of emotional and metacognitive processes in the post-traumatic growth of student youth. For this purpose, an online survey was conducted using the following methods: Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), AAQ-II, Post Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), The Changes in Outlook Questionnaire (CiOQ). The point-biserial correlation coefficient was used for the mathematical analysis of the data. As a result of the theoretical analysis, it was found that the prevailing theoretical models of posttraumatic growth are fundamentally cognitive. However, there are studies that have examined the relationship between PTG and metacognitive beliefs. A metacognitive way of thinking allows people to take a more critical stance on their cognitive capacities and can help facilitate PTG. It has also been found that emotivity as a linguistic embodiment of emotionality can play an important role in the development of PTG. The empirical study found that after 1 year of full-scale war in Ukraine, the average values of PTG indicators among the surveyed youth are quite high. Young people show positive changes in the perception of their own self, the emergence of new opportunities, an increase in personality strength, and a sense of inner integrity. We did not find a relationship between emotional expression and PTG. However, we did find a relationship between expression suppression and cognitive reappraisal, as well as significant relationships between cognitive reappraisal and PTG with all its components. These findings suggest that cognitive reappraisal can also be performed in relation to one's emotional reactions to traumatic events, helping young people to make sense of their traumatic experiences.
... Thus, a meta-analysis of 12 studies concluded that group interventions fostered higher levels of PTG, irrespective of whether PTG was a goal of the intervention (Roepke, 2015). For example, participation in a group for cancer survivors promoted significant long-term PTG (Ochoa et al. 2017). ...
... The studies' characteristics are described below, and presented in Table 1. 46,50,55,64,68,70,75,76 seven in the USA, 24,39,42,43,52,60,69 four in Australia, 37,47,51,63 four in Canada, 34,44,53,73 three in South Korea, 38,71,72 three in Spain, [56][57][58] two in Iran, 33,45 one in the Netherlands, 65 one in Portugal, 61 one in Israel, 59 one in Germany, 49 one in Switzerland, 40 and one in Turkey. 32 Notably, one of the included studies was a dissertation 53 with the remaining being peer-reviewed publications. ...
... Amongst those, 19 studies provided routine care or treatment and/or a waiting list as a control group. 32,33,39,45,46,[51][52][53]55,57,[59][60][61]64,65,68,73,75,76 Five studies included education to the treatment-as-usual condition. 24,34,47,71,72 One study mentioned only education. ...
... 71 Out of the six studies that used Positive Psychology to inform their interventions, four (66.67%) were effective (p < 0.05; d was not given for any of them) versus their control groups. 50,57,64,70 One reported an increase over time but had no control group comparison, 56 and one was found not to be effective (d = 0.06). 58 Only one of the four (25%) interventions using an existential framework was effective 51 ; it had a low to moderate effect (only reporting three subscales of the PTGI; d = 0.33-0.48). ...
Background
It has been increasingly recognized that some people experience post‐traumatic growth (PTG) as a result of struggling with cancer.
Objective
This systematic review aims to identify psychosocial interventions that might facilitate PTG in adults with cancer.
Methods
A search was conducted in PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, and ProQuest up to 16 September 2022. The PRISMA guidelines were followed; all included interventional studies had to comprise 30 or more adults with cancer, using the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, from 1994 forward.
Results
A total of 2731 articles were retrieved, 1028 of those were screened and 37 unique trials were included (46 articles). A large number of studies were published since 2018 (52.4%), were randomized controlled trials (43.2%), and had group interventions (34.8%), including mainly female participants (83.8%) with a single cancer type (54.1%). Most interventions (75.7%) were moderately to highly effective in increasing PTG ( d = 0.65, 95% CI 0.39–0.91) with the most effective interventions using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ( d = 1.24, 95% CI: 0.05–2.44), Mindfulness‐based ( d = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.14–0.94) and Education, Peer Support and Health Coaching interventions ( d = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.1–0.46). Expression‐based and Positive Psychology‐based approaches also showed promising results. Notably, the majority of studies had a high risk of bias.
Conclusions
PTG facilitation is a promising field that should be pursued as it not only allows people with cancer to overcome their trauma but also results in them going over and above their pre‐cancer state, enhancing resilience, health, and well‐being.
... There is a wealth of resources to help fund cancer research and support those living with cancer. The psychological and psychosocial aspects of living with cancer are accommodated through being able to tap into various counselling programs (Lleras de Frutos et al., 2020;Ochoa et al., 2017). Toni did receive counselling for cancer but not the day-to-day issues of LwFED. ...
People living with facial eye disfigurements (LwFED) are often shunned by a society that makes spontaneous judgements based on appearance. This article is a case study of the lived experience of Toni, a 27-year-old woman LwFED, the result of her treatment for ocular cancer. Semi-structured interviews facilitated the exploration of her experiences. We present the findings chronologically but interwoven with themes such as: being strong for others; responding to her partner’s abuse; dealing with strangers; and reinventing her sense of identity and supporting others. We identified institutional perspectives of work, hospital, and family within the prevailing UK that impacted Toni’s experiences of LwFED and argue that institutional perspectives need to be educated about the ordinary person’s daily grind of LwFED to address unrecognised bias and assumption. Only when identified and addressed can the reframing of social, institutional, organisational, and medical understandings and responses facilitate and support the lives of those LwFED.
... However, there is some evidence that interventions based on positive psychology can increase the quality of life and life satisfaction of these women. [39][40][41][42][43][44] For example, Casellas-Grau et al 40 carried out a systematic review on positive psychology interventions in breast cancer patients and found that mindfulness-based approaches, expression of positive emotions, spiritual interventions, hope therapy, and meaning-making interventions enhanced quality of life, well-being, hope, benefit finding, and optimism. In addition, according to Peterson et al 38 strengths are involved in promoting both resilience in the face of adversity and adaptive coping with physical illness. ...
Background
Empirical evidence shows that life satisfaction is positively related to character strengths, and although this association has been observed in different populations, it is scarce in breast cancer patients. This study analyzes the relationship between character strengths and life satisfaction in Spanish women diagnosed with breast cancer.
Methods
A sample of 117 women completed the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and the Spanish version of the VIA Inventory of Strengths (VIA-IS). Correlation analysis and regression modeling were performed to determine which strengths predict life satisfaction.
Results
The results of the correlation analysis showed that 15 strengths were positively and significantly associated with life satisfaction, with the highest correlations corresponding to zest, hope, curiosity, social intelligence, love, gratitude, and judgment. Regression modeling indicated that of these, zest and hope were key strengths for predicting life satisfaction.
Conclusions
These findings suggest that intervention programs based on the development of zest and hope could help to improve life satisfaction and, therefore, the psychological well-being of women with breast cancer.
... También se ha demostrado la utilidad de las Intervenciones Positivas en personas que se han visto expuestas a un evento altamente estresante, como padecer y sobrevivir al cáncer ( Van der Spek, et al., 2017), o ser sometido a un procedimiento médico por enfermedad cardiaca (Nikrahan et al., 2016), aliviando el malestar emocional y facilitando el crecimiento postraumático (Ochoa et al., 2017;Cieslak et al., 2016). ...
El protocolo de intervención para personas adultas expuestas a eventos altamente estresantes que se propone a continuación se basa un enfoque Cognitivo Conductual Positivo. La selección de técnicas y estrategias presentes en este modelo se realizó a través de la revisión bibliográfica de intervenciones existentes en trauma desde la Terapia Cognitivo Conductual y la Psicología Positiva, realizando un análisis de sus resultados y considerando los aspectos técnicos de este protocolo: número de sesiones, tiempo y diversidad en los estresores.
... First, such results suggest that people should be provided with positive personal resources and adaptive coping strategies before hospitalization. This type of care appears relevant in that it will help patients better face this challenging hospitalization period and the next steps of the allograft, and help to improve psychological recovery after HSCT [64][65][66][67]. ...
Objectives:
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a stressful event that engenders psychological distress. This study examines the prospective effects of coping strategies during hospitalization on resilience and on various mental-health dimensions at five months after transplantation.
Methods:
One hundred and seventy patients (Mage = 52.24, SD = 13.25) completed a questionnaire assessing adjustment strategies during hospitalization, and 91 filled out a questionnaire five months after HSCT (Mage = 51.61, SD = 12.93).
Results:
Multiple regression analyses showed that a fighting spirit strategy positively predicted resilience (p < 0.05), whereas anxious preoccupations predicted anxiety (p < 0.05), poorer mental QoL (p < 0.01), and were associated with an increased risk of developing PTSD (OR = 3.27, p < 0.01; 95% CI: 1.36, 7.84) at five months after transplantation. Hopelessness, avoidance, and denial coping strategies were not predictive of any of the mental health outcomes. Finally, the number of transplantations was negatively related to a fighting spirit (p < 0.01) and positively related to hopelessness-helplessness (p < 0.001): Conclusions: These results highlight the importance of developing psychological interventions focused on coping to alleviate the negative psychological consequences of HSCT.
