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Basic components of GIS (reproduced with permission, John Wileyand Sons, Ltd. Longley et nd al., "Geographic Information Systems and Science", 2 edition, 2005).
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Spatial decision making problems are multi-facetted challenges. Not only they often involve numerous technical requirements, but may also contain economical, social, environmental and political dimensions that may have conflicting values. Solutions for these problems involve highly complex spatial data analysis processes and frequently require adva...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... functional GIS has six major components as shown in figure 1 (Zeiler 1999;Longley et al.2005). These components are: 1) People -People are the most important component of a GIS. ...
Context 2
... in space as points, lines, or areas. A geographic information system manipulates data a bout these points, lines, and areas to retrieve data for ad hoc quires and analysis”. Star and Estes (1990) defined GIS as “an information system that is designed to work with data referenced by spatial or geographic coordinates. In other words, a GIS is both a database system with specific capabilities for spatially – referenced data, as well as a set of operations for working with the data”. Burrough and McDonnell (1998) defined GIS as “a powerful set of tools for storing and retrieving at will, transforming and displaying spatial data from the real world for a particular set of purposes”. Clarke (2001) defined GIS as “an automated system for the capture, storage, retrieval, analysis, and display of spatial data”. Davis (2001) defined GIS as “A computer– based technology and methodology for collecting, managing, analyzing, modeling, and presenting geographic data for a wide range of applications.” Worboys and Duckham ( 2004) defined GIS as “A computer -based information system that enables capture, modeling, storage, retrieval, sharing, manipulation, analysis, and presentation of geographically referenced data”. Whereas Longley et al. (2005) defined GIS as "A special class of information systems that keep track not only of events, activities, and things, but also of where these events, activities, and things happen or exist." Any functional GIS has six major components as shown in figure 1 (Zeiler 1999; Longley et al.2005). These components ...
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Citations
... Content, data, and services may all be found in one place. It can be altered to suit the user's preferences a position with the company [2]. Nowadays automated scheduling systems have been widely used by different institutions. ...
... There are cases that a panel/adviser and the secretary were scheduled in two thesis groups that are presenting at the same time; And there are cases where thesis groups are scheduled twice. (2) The manual process of generating overall ratings takes up a lot of time since panels do not submit at the same coming from individual repositories. ...
Many students have difficulty deciding on research ideas, supervision, and administration processes during the thesis writing process are ambiguous and as a result, they are unable to graduate on time. Behind this complex activity is the faculty who prepare on plotting for their schedule on proposal defense and final oral defense, taking down minutes of defense proceedings, and gathering rating sheets and different thesis documents from different thesis groups. This system's main objective is to offer a portal that will make it simpler to follow and finish the thesis cycle. Part of the thesis cycle is the scheduling of oral defense by the students to the panel members; automating the defense scheduling is a key to fast-tracking the thesis cycle process. The automated defense schedule in this paper is implemented using a genetic algorithm. To evaluate the system's functionality and usability, standard usability tests are carried out. Results show that 94% of the system is appropriate and recognizable and the system’s overall functionality is 84%. Hence, the study on automating the thesis cycle, which includes automated defense scheduling, can address the problems in the execution of theses document gatherings, retrieving defense minutes, and scheduling oral defense presentations