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The use of public open data is an opportunity for citizens and businesses to create products that contribute to decision-making, monitor and control public institutions as well as to improve the quality of life. Open data allows citizens to have unrestricted access to information collected by the government. Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) is an app...
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... In addition, Web 3.0 sees the liberalization of data operation, user data ownership, and high security as crucial elements [59][60][61]. This element is equally applied to the metaverse. ...
Metaverse technology is expanding to industries in various fields, such as medical, national defense, and education, and training simulation programs have been mainstream so far. However, there have been increasing attempts to apply metaverse content to web-based platforms linked to social media services and, as a result, we face the problem of access to web-based metaverse content. Unlike traditional content, metaverse content interacts with many users, so content accessibility is the first important part to consider. In other words, to maximize the quality of metaverse content, it is essential to pull out the optimal UX through a detailed HCI (human computer interaction) design. Metaverse content development methodologies have effective methods proposed by many researchers. However, they are limited to web-based metaverse content that limits the use of high-end hardware. They are ineffective for platforms such as PCs and VR devices, as most studies focus on improving the visual performance of PCs or high-performance VR devices. Therefore, unlike existing research, the key theme of our research is to study optimized development standards that can be applied to web-based metaverse content and find out their effects through experiments. We created a development standard to be applied to a Web-based platform based on the existing metaverse content development methodology. Then, we redeveloped the VR content into the metaverse content and named them the VR build and the metaverse build. We had 25 people play virtual reality builds and metaverse builds simultaneously. Then, we measured the overall experience with an evaluation tool called the Game Experience Questionnaire (GEQ); the GEQ is a proven tool for evaluating content experiences by dividing them into positive/negative scales. When comparing the results measured from the two builds, the metaverse build showed consistent results with a higher positive scale, and a lower negative scale, than the VR build. The results showed that users indeed rated metaverse content positively. The bottom line is that the web-based metaverse content development standards that we have produced are practical. However, since generalization is limited, continuous research will be needed in more experimental groups in the future.
... Tang (2017) investigated an approach to interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy soft sets in decision making by means of grey relational analysis and D-S theory of evidence. A metamodel and its corresponding domain-specific language were presented by Rojas et al. (2018), which supported decision making from open government data. Wang and Chen (2017b) proposed a new multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) method based on IVIFSs, the linear programming (LP) methodology, and the extension of the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) method. ...
Interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets are widely used in multi-attribute decision-making problems to select the optimal alternative, but how to measure uncertainty is an open and significant problem. In this paper, a new distance measure of interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets is proposed based on the distance of interval numbers. With the advantages of taking account of the whole number in the interval and having definite physical meaning, the proposed distance measure of interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets shows superiority in measuring uncertainty and imprecision. In addition, the proposed distance measure is compared with some recent research works and classical distances through numerical examples. Graphs are drawn to visually display the variation characteristics and analyze the properties of the distance measures. The results prove that the proposed distance measure of interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets outperforms other metrics in measuring uncertainty and avoiding counterintuitive cases. Some illustrative examples of multi-attribute decision making under real life are conducted, which demonstrates the strong discrimination capability and effectiveness of the proposed distance measure.
The research discusses the implementation of open data program in DKI Jakarta Province. DKI Jakarta is the first region to implement an open data program in Indonesia. The implementation of open data program should pay attention to the various supporting aspects to run properly. This research uses a post-positivist approach by qualitative data analysis technique. The theory applied to this research is a theory of implementation drivers. There are three core components in the implementation drivers, namely competency drivers, organization drivers, and leadership drivers. The result of the research shows that the implementation of open data program has some disadvantages in fulfilling implementation drivers components for competency drivers and organization drivers. In the competency drivers component, indicators that have been in trouble are in staff selection, training, and coaching. Furthermore, in the organization drivers component, the problematic indicators are in facilitative administration and system level intervention.
Based on the principle of financial sustainable development of urban rail system, this paper discussed the essentiality of “value capture”, as well as the classification and stakeholders of different generated value. The first step is to identify the interrelationships between beneficiaries and payers during the process of urban rail development. It discussed the cycle process of value creation and value capture, and proposed different value capture principles according to different stakeholders. Then the value capture mechanism was simulated taking advantage of system dynamics model, which is used to demonstrate how added value is created, proliferated, transferred and ultimately captured by different stakeholders. Through analyzing the cause-effect relationship among elements under the system dynamics model, a customized system dynamic model for urban rail on its value creation and capture properties is developed. At last, urban rail system in Shanghai has been taken as a case study to research the benefit-burden relationships among all the interest groups. The data on Shanghai real estate and transport system was simulated with the model to predict the urban rail construction and operation trend, and the cost-benefit ratio of each stakeholder. The research shows the proportion of benefits for passengers, property owners and businesses along the line increases with the length of urban rail network. This fully reflects the economies of scale of metro system. Among all beneficiaries, property owners capture the most value created; while government receives a progressive gain in the initial stage, but begins to lose momentum in capitalization after a certain point.
Citizens’ attention to Open Data initiatives and Open Government policies is growing rapidly, but fragmentation in their implementation makes for a confusing approach. This research aims to bring structure to their assessment by analyzing 63 selected Spanish cities and 110 selected Italian cities and mapping their content. The analysis shows that (i) Open Data portals are not developed consistently; (ii) the various levels of public administration are not coordinated in their Open Data strategies; (iii) however, there are some good practices to be followed and underlined. Research into Open Data initiatives could benefit from previous examples regarding the success and failure factors of an Open Government. This paper highlights the main trends for an Open Data portal strategy in Spanish and Italian cities from the citizens’ point of view. The basic content, structure of the websites, quality, accessibility, crosscutting nature and data visualization of the datasets have been assessed from the user’s perspective. Currently, Spain has 115 open-data portals embedded in datos.gov.es (Government of Spain 2016), and Italy has 40 open-data portals at the city level. Open Data initiatives are the basis to achieve transparency, participation and collaboration, and also to establish the pillars for the integration of intelligent policies.
