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Anyphaena adnani sp. nov. A-D. Paratype, ♀ (CNAN-T01546). E-F. Paratype, ♂ (CNAN-T01545). A. Dorsal habitus. B. Lateral habitus. C. Ventral habitus. D. Prosoma, anterior view. E. Prosoma, anterior view. F. Prosoma, oblique view. Scale bars: A-C = 1.0 mm; D-F = 0.5 mm.
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The rhythm of biodiversity loss vastly surpasses the number of new species described per year, with several taxa going extinct without us even knowing about their existence. After more than 250 years of traditional taxonomy, it is clear that the rate of biodiversity description and discovery needs to be improved. Molecular data has greatly increase...
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... length 4.15. Carapace yellow, pattern with brown longitudinal bands around cephalic area extending over most of thoracic area and clypeus (Fig. 6A, D). Sternum surface yellow, covered with brown patches, intercoxal triangles present on all legs. Labium brown, white at tip, longer than wide. Endites yellow, rectangular, slightly broader at tip (Fig. 6C). Chelicerae dark yellow, paturon covered with brown patches (Fig. 6B, D), promargin with four teeth, retromargin with six to seven ...
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... length 4.15. Carapace yellow, pattern with brown longitudinal bands around cephalic area extending over most of thoracic area and clypeus (Fig. 6A, D). Sternum surface yellow, covered with brown patches, intercoxal triangles present on all legs. Labium brown, white at tip, longer than wide. Endites yellow, rectangular, slightly broader at tip (Fig. 6C). Chelicerae dark yellow, paturon covered with brown patches (Fig. 6B, D), promargin with four teeth, retromargin with six to seven denticles. Leg coloration: light yellow with scattered brown patches irregularly distributed from femora to tarsi (Fig. 6A-C). Abdomen white, hirsute, dorsal surface with two central brown chevrons, lateral ...
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... around cephalic area extending over most of thoracic area and clypeus (Fig. 6A, D). Sternum surface yellow, covered with brown patches, intercoxal triangles present on all legs. Labium brown, white at tip, longer than wide. Endites yellow, rectangular, slightly broader at tip (Fig. 6C). Chelicerae dark yellow, paturon covered with brown patches (Fig. 6B, D), promargin with four teeth, retromargin with six to seven denticles. Leg coloration: light yellow with scattered brown patches irregularly distributed from femora to tarsi (Fig. 6A-C). Abdomen white, hirsute, dorsal surface with two central brown chevrons, lateral and ventral surfaces white, covered with isolated dark patches, ventral ...
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... brown, white at tip, longer than wide. Endites yellow, rectangular, slightly broader at tip (Fig. 6C). Chelicerae dark yellow, paturon covered with brown patches (Fig. 6B, D), promargin with four teeth, retromargin with six to seven denticles. Leg coloration: light yellow with scattered brown patches irregularly distributed from femora to tarsi (Fig. 6A-C). Abdomen white, hirsute, dorsal surface with two central brown chevrons, lateral and ventral surfaces white, covered with isolated dark patches, ventral surface with clear rectangle and dark longitudinal midline cut by tracheal spiracle at center of abdomen ( Fig. 6A-C). Epigynum atrium rectangular, slightly longer than wide, ...
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... with scattered brown patches irregularly distributed from femora to tarsi (Fig. 6A-C). Abdomen white, hirsute, dorsal surface with two central brown chevrons, lateral and ventral surfaces white, covered with isolated dark patches, ventral surface with clear rectangle and dark longitudinal midline cut by tracheal spiracle at center of abdomen ( Fig. 6A-C). Epigynum atrium rectangular, slightly longer than wide, delineated by almost straight sclerotized borders. Hood flattened, midpiece semicircular. Copulatory openings inside atrium posterior border (Figs 7F, 8F). Copulatory ducts coiled 360° around spermathecae, entering dorsal surface of spermathecae. Spermathecae dorsally projected. ...
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... length 4.2. Cephalothorax (Fig. 6E) and abdomen coloration as in female. Ventral surface of coxa smooth ( Clypeus height 0.09. Eye diameters: AME 0.09, ALE 0.12, PME 0.09, PLE 0.07. Eye interdistances: AME-AME 0.03, AME-ALE 0.01, ALE-PLE 0.05, PME-PME 0.18, PME-PLE 0.09. Femur lengths: I 1.95, II 1.66, III 1.46, IV 1.95. Leg spination as in female except: femur I p0-1-2. ...
Citations
... genetic, morphological, ecological and behavioural characters; see e.g. Bond 2004;Hamilton et al. 2014;Rivera-Quiroz and Álvarez-Padilla 2023). Although the initial, more naïve proposals of barcode analyses relied on a universal genetic distance to mark the limits of species (Hebert et al. 2003a), it is now clear that the biology of each clade (e.g. ...
The identification of spider species presents many challenges, since in most cases the characters used are from genital structures that are only fully developed in the adult stage, hence the identification of immatures is most often not possible. Additionally, these structures usually also present some intra-specific variability, which in some cases makes the identification of closely related species difficult. The genetic barcode technique (DNA barcodes), based on sequencing of the mitochondrial marker cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), has proven a useful, complementary tool to overcome these limitations. In this work, the contribution of DNA barcoding to the taxonomy of the subfamily Amaurobioidinae is explored using the refined single linkage analysis (RESL) algorithm for the delimitation of operational taxonomic units (OTUs), in comparison with the assemble species by automatic partitioning (ASAP) algorithm, and presented in conjunction with an updated molecular phylogenetic analysis of three other markers (28S rRNA, 16S rRNA, Histone H3), in addition to COI. Of a total of 97 included species identified by morphology, 82 species were concordant with the operational taxonomic units obtained from RESL, representing an 85% correspondence between the two methods. Similar results were obtained using the ASAP algorithm. Previous observations of morphological variation within the same species are supported, and this technique provides new information on genetic structure and potentially cryptic species. Most of the discrepancies between DNA barcoding and morphological identification are explained by low geographic sampling or by divergent or geographically structured lineages. After the addition of many specimens with only COI data, the multi-marker phylogenetic analysis is consistent with previous results and the support is improved. The markers COI, closely followed by 28S, are the most phylogenetically informative. We conclude that the barcode DNA technique is a valuable source of data for the delimitation of species of Amaurobioidinae, in conjunction with morphological and geographic data, and it is also useful for the detection of cases that require a more detailed and meticulous study.
... Anyphaena Sundevall, 1833, the most species-rich genus of the family Anyphaenidae Bertkau,1878, is represented by 106 wander-hunting species widely distributed in Asia, Europe and the Americas (WSC 2024;Rivera-Quiroz and Álvarez-Padilla 2023). In contrast to the taxonomic study of the genus in the Americas, it remains poorly known in Asia, which only has 17 species records, most of them sporadically described and only known from the original description (Durán-Barrón et al. 2016;WSC 2024). ...
Four new species of the genus Anyphaena Sundevall, 1833 collected from Xizang, China, are described: A. cibagou Wang & Mi, sp. nov. (♂♀), A. linzhi Wang & Mi, sp. nov. (♂♀), A. shufui Wang & Mi, sp. nov. (♀) and A. yejiei Wang & Mi, sp. nov. (♀). Diagnostic photos of the habitus and copulatory organs and a distributional map are provided.
