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The influence of multinational enterprises on digital trade is growing significantly, resulting in profound transformations within global production networks. In this paper, we establish a comprehensive global digital trade network using the OECD-AMNE database and conduct empirical analysis to examine the impact of digital regulations and network s...
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... As these barriers increase in their restriction level, domestic enterprises face more challenges when exporting digital services. The deepening of the international division of labor is impeded by barriers to digital services trade because these barriers hamper countries and enterprises from applying digital services as inputs when participating in GVCs, which thus impede the value-added export of digital services [18][19][20]. ...
An international rules system on digital trade that can satisfy multilateral interest appeal has not been formed yet despite the rapid growth of digital services trade. Using the panel data of 39 countries from 2010 to 2019, this study applied the stochastic frontier gravity model to analyze the influence of five types of barriers to digital services trade on the export efficiency of digital services. The research results show that infrastructure and connectivity barriers had no significant effect on the export efficiency of digital services. The barriers to electronic transactions and other barriers that affected the trade of digital services were conducive to improving the export efficiency of digital services. In contrast, the barriers to payment systems and intellectual property rights had a restraining effect on the export efficiency of digital services. The results also show that most countries were more efficient when exporting digital services to their major trade partner countries, which indicates a demand-driven characteristic. Based on these conclusions, we propose five recommendations that are helpful to enhance the export efficiency of digital services.
This paper addresses into the pivotal role of multinational enterprises (MNEs) in spearheading global sustainability, particularly by aligning their innovations with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. We underscore a paradigm shift in international business, emphasizing the pressing need for sustainable practices among MNEs in the face of grand global challenges such as climate change, political instability, trade protectionism, and inequality. We discuss the innovation ecosystems and stakeholder approach as an essential conceptual framework for examining drivers and outcomes of MNEs' sustainable innovations. The paper offers a fresh perspective on integrating corporate goals with broader sustainability targets by connecting with stakeholders of local communities in host countries who are attuned to idiosyncratic sustainability challenges.
