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BlockChain (BC) has attracted tremendous attention due to its immutable nature and the associated security and privacy benefits. BC has the potential to overcome security and privacy challenges of Internet of Things (IoT). However, BC is computationally expensive, has limited scalability and incurs significant bandwidth overheads and delays which a...
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... use a fresh PK to generate each new transaction to ensure anonymity (dis- cussed further in Section 4.1). The overlay, as shown in Fig 1, is comprised of various entities, known as overlay nodes, including the smart home (represented by the Local BM (LBM), which will be introduced in Section 2.2), mobile devices, Service Provider (SP) servers, and cloud storage (used by smart home devices for storing data). ...
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... results are illustrated in Fig 10. When PTV equals to 100, OBMs verify all transactions in a block, leading to zero attack success percentage (i.e., the attack is always detected). ...
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... PTV equals to 100, OBMs verify all transactions in a block, leading to zero attack success percentage (i.e., the attack is always detected). As shown in Fig 10, as PTV decreases, the attack success percentage increases. For the network configuration used in this simulation, the lowest value of PTV that can guarantee security is 60. ...
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... 40 seconds, the load increases further to 44 transactions per second until 45 seconds when the load drops to 12 transactions per second. The changes in the network load are illustrated in Fig 11. Recall that DTM computes the network utilization, α, at the end of each consensus-period as the ratio between the number of trans- actions generated and the number of transactions added to the overlay BC since the last computation of α. Time intervals when α is computed by OBMs is shown using gray dots in the figure. ...
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... reduce the network utilization, DTM re- duces the consensus-period to the newly computed value of 2.5 seconds (see lines 2-5 Algorithm 2) using Equation 1, where α is set to 0.62, which is the mid point of α min and α max . The consensus-period is also illustrated in Fig 11. Subsequently, since the network load remains stable until 40 seconds, the consensus period also remains unchanged. At this time, the network load increases further. ...
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Citations
... This ledger is utilized to hold transactional records that correspond to real-world purchases. One intriguing aspect is that the data is accessible to everybody, yet remains impervious to tampering [40][41][42][43]. ...
Artificial intelligence (AI) and blockchain are two disruptive technologies that have emerged from the Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR4.0) and have brought about significant transformations in the industry. The convergence of artificial intelligence (AI) with blockchain technology presents significant opportunities for the development of novel business models facilitated by digitalization. The current body of research pertaining to the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) with blockchain technology is available, although there is a lack of comprehensive understanding of the practicality and effectiveness of this integration within the business context. In order to bridge this existing knowledge gap, the primary objective of this research endeavor is to comprehensively analyze and delineate the various applications and advantages of integrated artificial intelligence (AI) and blockchain platforms within diverse sectors of the business industry.
Blockchain is a novel decentralized technology that is used to share, replicate, and synchronize data across different geographical locations. It guarantees a trusted transaction in any untrustworthy environment. There is no central administrator or central authority to control all the data-related aspects of blockchain technology. A blockchain network depends on the consensus algorithm that must be agreed upon by all the entities for any new transaction. There are numerous advantages of blockchain, such as security, trust, open source, traceability, transparency, and many more, which make it very popular to apply in different sectors. This chapter first covers all the technologies behind blockchain. Then, some fundamental aspects of blockchain, such as types of blockchain, features, advantages, and disadvantages have been discussed. Many applications of blockchain technology in several sectors are presented in this chapter in order to demonstrate its functional value. Finally, some challenges in the adoption of blockchain technology have been discussed, which can be beneficial for researchers doing their research in blockchain.KeywordsDistributed ledger technologyPeer-to-peer networkConsensus algorithmMerkle treeSmart contract
