Figure 2 - available via license: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
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An Aurelia planula. The planula is the first larval stage of Aurelia, and is formed soon after the egg and sperm combine to form a zygote. The planula is lined with cilia and eventually settles, forming a scyphistoma. Planula larval stages are common to many Cnidarians. Image by: Marc Perkins, ~400× magnification (for permission see copyright/ educational use) Source: http://faculty.orangecoastcollege.edu/mperkins/zoo-review/aurelia/aurelia2.html, accessed August 2012.
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Jellyfish are a diverse group of animals. The group consists of Chordata, Ctenophora and, mainly, Cnidaria. Jellyfish are often thought to be harmful, but few can cause fatality in humans. They are important throughout the trophic levels and consume a variety of prey. Jellyfish are used for food and have a high potential for pharmaceutical use. Dur...
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Jellyfish (pelagic Cnidarians and Ctenophores) form erratic and seemingly unpredictable blooms with often large, transient effects on ecosystem structure. To rapidly capitalize on favorable conditions, jellyfish can employ different life histories, which are either a life cycle with one annual sexual reproduction event and an overwintering benthic...
Citations
... Also, it is recommended after jellyfish stings to protect the affected area and not to rub the sand, press on the area or scrape the sting site as these measures may activate jellyfish stings. The toxicological symptoms and risks that jellyfish stings of all kinds bring to Gazans and humans all over the world are numerous, as has been shown by many studies in different regional and international countries [93][94][95][96][97]. Much effort can be made to mitigate the severity of jellyfish stings in the Gaza Strip in order to avoid the toxic symptoms and risks that may affect swimmers, divers and vacationers. ...
The Mediterranean Sea is home to many species of jellyfish, both native and invasive, some of which may be harmful to humans. This descriptive study aims to identify the jellyfish species present in the marine ecosystem of the Gaza Strip, Palestine. The study spanned a period of 15 years starting from 2010. Frequent field visits, meetings and discussions with stakeholders, keeping up with local media reports, videos, social media and photography were essential tools for conducting the current study. The study recorded six species of jellyfish belonging to five families and two orders of the Scyphozoa class in the coastal waters of the Mediterranean Sea and the sandy beaches of the Gaza Strip. The coming years may witness the recording of more jellyfish species. The species recorded were the Barrel Jellyfish (Rhizostoma pulmo), the Nomadic Jellyfish (Rhopilema nomadica), the Australian Spotted Jellyfish (Phyllorhiza punctata), the Mediterranean Jellyfish (Cotylorhiza tuberculata), the Purple Jellyfish or Mauve Stinger (Pelagia noctiluca) and the Common or Moon Jellyfish (Aurelia aurita). Two of the recorded species are invasive. Among the recorded species, the Barrel Jellyfish and the Nomadic Jellyfish are the most common in marine waters and on beaches and at the same time they are the most stinging and toxic to Gazans. Every summer, thousands of Gazans are stung by jellyfish while swimming or relaxing on the 42-kilometre-long beach, forcing some to go to hospitals, although the majority of Gazans resort to well-known local recipes to treat jellyfish stings. Many stakeholders claimed that climate change, by-catch of jellyfish enemies, overfishing, Lessepsian migrations, pollution, and nutrient abundance (eutrophication) are all combined factors that promote local jellyfish blooms. In conclusion, public awareness of the dangers of jellyfish on the Mediterranean coast of the Gaza Strip is necessary and important, and lifeguards and first aid workers must be trained to deal with cases of poisoning by jellyfish and possibly other marine organisms.
... Also, it is recommended after jellyfish stings to protect the affected area and not to rub the sand, press on the area or scrape the sting site as these measures may activate jellyfish stings. The toxicological symptoms and risks that jellyfish stings of all kinds bring to Gazans and humans all over the world are numerous, as has been shown by many studies in different regional and international countries [93][94][95][96][97]. Much effort can be made to mitigate the severity of jellyfish stings in the Gaza Strip in order to avoid the toxic symptoms and risks that may affect swimmers, divers and vacationers. ...
The Mediterranean Sea is home to many species of jellyfish, both native and invasive, some of which may be harmful to humans. This descriptive study aims to identify the jellyfish species present in the marine ecosystem of the Gaza Strip, Palestine. The study spanned a period of 15 years starting from 2010. Frequent field visits, meetings and discussions with stakeholders, keeping up with local media reports, videos, social media and photography were essential tools for conducting the current study. The study recorded six species of jellyfish belonging to five families and two orders of the Scyphozoa class in the coastal waters of the Mediterranean Sea and the sandy beaches of the Gaza Strip. The coming years may witness the recording of more jellyfish species. The species recorded were the Barrel Jellyfish (Rhizostoma pulmo), the Nomadic Jellyfish (Rhopilema nomadica), the Australian Spotted Jellyfish (Phyllorhiza punctata), the Mediterranean Jellyfish (Cotylorhiza tuberculata), the Purple Jellyfish or Mauve Stinger (Pelagia noctiluca) and the Common or Moon Jellyfish (Aurelia aurita). Two of the recorded species are invasive. Among the recorded species, the Barrel Jellyfish and the Nomadic Jellyfish are the most common in marine waters and on beaches and at the same time they are the most stinging and toxic to Gazans. Every summer, thousands of Gazans are stung by jellyfish while swimming or relaxing on the 42-kilometre-long beach, forcing some to go to hospitals, although the majority of Gazans resort to well-known local recipes to treat jellyfish stings. Many stakeholders claimed that climate change, by-catch of jellyfish enemies, overfishing, Lessepsian migrations, pollution, and nutrient abundance (eutrophication) are all combined factors that promote local jellyfish blooms. In conclusion, public awareness of the dangers of jellyfish on the Mediterranean coast of the Gaza Strip is necessary and important, and lifeguards and first aid workers must be trained to deal with cases of poisoning by jellyfish and possibly other marine organisms.
