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![Amorphophallus eburneus Bogner. A. Flowering plant in habitat, note the erect spathe limb and rugulose spadix appendix; B. Inflorescence with spathe artificially opened. Note the scattered pistils, and the male flowers fused into longitudinal rows; C. Mature leaf. Note the simple lamina division and no leaflets are not petiolate; D. Mature leaf, infructescence and seedling. Note the unmarked, turgid petiole; E. Mature infructescence. [Images A-C & E © Peter Boyce. Image D © Art Vogel (used with permission)].](profile/Peter-Boyce-2/publication/308502030/figure/fig2/AS:409416810680320@1474623982659/Amorphophallus-eburneus-Bogner-A-Flowering-plant-in-habitat-note-the-erect-spathe-limb.png)
Amorphophallus eburneus Bogner. A. Flowering plant in habitat, note the erect spathe limb and rugulose spadix appendix; B. Inflorescence with spathe artificially opened. Note the scattered pistils, and the male flowers fused into longitudinal rows; C. Mature leaf. Note the simple lamina division and no leaflets are not petiolate; D. Mature leaf, infructescence and seedling. Note the unmarked, turgid petiole; E. Mature infructescence. [Images A-C & E © Peter Boyce. Image D © Art Vogel (used with permission)].
Source publication
A review of the white-flowered Amorphophallus species in Sarawak is presented. A total of five species are recognized, four of which belong to the Eburneus Group and are restricted to limestone, and moreover, locally
endemic: A. eburneus Bogner (Padawan and Tebedu areas), A. brachyphyllus Hett. (Bau), A. juliae sp. nov. (Merirai) and A. niahensis s...
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Citations
... Throughout the past 30 years, less than ten individuals are making active contributions to the taxonomic and morphological knowledge of the genus, delaying our progress to further understand the morphological evolution, species boundaries, and diversity of Amorphophallus. Recent progress has been most notable in Africa (e.g., , Ittenbach & Lobin 1997, Hetterscheid et al. 1999, Bogner 2003, Hetterscheid & Mangelsdorff 2006, Hetterscheid & Claudel 2014, Eastern Asia (e.g., Van Alderwerelt 1920, Hetterscheid 1994, Long & Li 2000, Li & Dao 2006, Yin et al. 2016, Southeast Asia (e.g., Bogner & Hetterscheid 1992, Hetterscheid 1994, 2006, Hetterscheid & Van der Ham 2001, Ipor et al. 2004, 2007, Boyce et al. 2010, Gong & Li 2012, Galloway 2012, 2015, Hetterscheid & Claudel 2012a,b, 2013, Magtoto et al. 2013, Nguyen et al. 2016, 2018, Galloway et al. 2019a,b,c, Yuzammi & Hetterscheid 2020, Bustamante et al. 2020, Tamayo et al. 2021, Calaramo et al. 2022, and Western Asia (e.g., Hetter scheid 1994, Sivadasan et al.1994, Bogner 1995, Sivadasan & Jaleel 2009, Yadav et al. 2009, Gadpayale et al. 2017). These works have largely formed the contemporary understanding of morphological species boundaries in the genus. ...
This work presents updated dichotomous keys to the Amorphophallus (Araceae) species of the world based on morphological characters of the inflorescence. It is a compilation of data derived from herbarium speci- mens, living specimens, protologues, and following papers outlining taxonomic updates to the genus. Three new synonyms are proposed and a general key including 239 species of Amorphophallus distributed across the African, Asian, and Australian continents is included. Ten additional subkeys are provided by geographical subregion, making identification streamlined if the locality of the specimen is known. The aim of this paper is to make identification of Amorphophallus species accessible through a single manuscript, serving not only the research sector, but also citizen science. This guide provides a rapid and accurate means of species identification, directly benefiting data collection and assisting in species conservation.
... Boyce & Wong 2014a), and exposed shales (e.g. Boyce & Wong 2014b), the two geologies on Borneo with the highest degree of localized endemism, and for which there are numerous examples of seemingly vicariant speciation events (Boyce et al. 2010, Wong & Boyce 2011b, Wong et al. 2019. ...
Homalomena benedikii is described and illustrated as a new species from Serian Division, SW Sarawak, where it is restricted to forested Triassic-Jurassic karst formations, and compared with the two most similar described species H. cowleyae and H. imitator, from shales in NE Sarawak and Brunei, and C Sarawak, respectively.
... Amorphophallus julahii, endemic to the Mulu limestones, is related to several vicariant taxa on limestones on Borneo [A. eburneus (Bau limestone), A. brachyphyllus (Padawan limestone) and from Serian (A. ranchanensis), A. tinekeae (restricted to the limestone at Gua Gomontong)] (Boyce et al. 2010a). These species, almost always co-occurring with A. hewittii, are likely a species complex, with n represents number of replicates. ...
This study aimed to investigate the floral biology and pollinators of 21 aroid species representing 10 genera at Mulu National Park to ascertain if additional guilds were active in this, one of the most florally diverse plant families in the tropics. Extensive field observations on floral biology, including inflorescence development stages, floral traits, and pollinator rewards, identification of pollinators and their behaviour(s), were undertaken. Reproductive success was calculated and compared among taxa. Anthetic duration of unisexual-flowered taxa was 1–4 days, compared with 4–18 days in bisexual-flowered taxa. Floral traits such as floral odour, restricted access to the female zone during pistillate anthesis, presence of sacrificial floral tissues and anthetic duration affected the type and number of pollinators. Diptera are the most likely pollinators for Aglaonema, Alocasia, Pothos and species of Schismatoglottideae; Coleoptera are the pollinators for Amorphophallus, Anadendrum (together with thrips), Homalomena, Lasia and Schismatoglottis; Thysanoptera (thrips) is one of the pollinators for Anadendrum; Hemiptera (Miridae) pollinates Lasia spinosa and Pothos insignis. Hymenoptera (Apidae) are pollinators for Alocasia sarawakensis and Amorphophallus hewittii. Alocasia sarawakensis, Amorphophallus hewittii, Anadendrum sp., Homalomena (all species), Lasia spinosa, Pothos insignis and Schismatoglottis (all species) apply a generalist pollination system, while Aglaonema nitidum and A. simplex, Alocasia princeps, Amorphophallus julaihii, Phymatarum borneense and Pothos scandens are specialists.
... Anggota Araceae sering memiliki akarnapas dan menghasilkan buah buni. Araceae dibagi menjadi delapan anak suku yaitu: 1) Aroideae; 2) Calloideae; 3) Gymnostachydoideae; 4) Lasioideae; 5) Monsteroideae; 6) Orontioideae; 7) Pothoideae; 8) Lemnaoideae (Bogner & Nicolson 1991 (2000), dan Boyce et al (2010). Untuk specimen yang tidak bisa diidentifikasi dengan pustaka yang ada, dikirim ke akhlinya guna mendapat kepastian nama. ...
Mount Slamet is the largest mount in Central Java with relatively diverse Araceae (Arum family). A survey has been conducted on the south slope of Mt. Slamet to know the diversity of the Araceae. The results of this study showed that there are 12 species of Araceae included in nine genera and five subfamilies. Some are potentially important for carbohydrate source such as Colocasia esculenta and Xanthosoma spp. and for ornamental plants namely Alocasia alba, Amorphophallus variabilis, Apoballis rupestris.
... There is compelling evidence for vicariance events leading to local endemism on the spatially isolated Karst limestone formations of Borneo (e.g. Boyce et al., 2010;Wong, 2010;Ting et al., 2012), and specifically for Niah N.P. and Mulu N.P. ( ). It is to be fully expected that exploration of further Karst systems will continue to reveal taxonomic novelties. ...
Homalomena niahensis P.C. Boyce, is described and illustrated as a new species of Homalomena [Homalomena Clade] locally endemic to Niah Caves, Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo, where it is obligated to Karst limestone. Homalomena niahensis is the sixth species to be described for the Homalomena Selaburensis Complex to which its nearest congener is Homalomena selaburensis. An identification key to species of the Homalomena Selaburensis Complex is provided.Keywords: Araceae, Borneo, Homalomena, Malaysia, Sarawak, Karst limestone
... ttenbach and (Becc.) Becc. (see Engler 1911, 1881, Alderwerelt 1920, 1922, Hetterscheid 1994, Hay . 1995, Hetterscheid & Ittenbach 1996, Hartini & Puspitaningtyas 2005 Hett. & , and Hett., A. Hay & J. Mood (see Mayo & Widjaja 1982, Bogner & Hetterscheid 1992, Hetterscheid 1994, Hay . 1995, Hetterscheid & Van der Ham 2001, Ipor . 2004, Boyce . 2010a, Boyce . 2010b, Ipor . 2010a, Mansor . 2011, Boyce & Wong 2015. Due to the scarcity of studies on Amorphophallus in Kalimantan, which is the largest part of Borneo, some of the species found in Malaysian Borneo might also be distributed in Kalimantan. ...
... Exploration of the Ulu Merirai limestone, also in the Tatau District (02 o 46′ 13.7′′ N, 113 o 39′ 02.9′′ E), resulted in the discovery of two new Monophyllaea species, as well as five new species of Begonia Linnaeus (1753: 1056), Begoniaceae (Kiew & Sang 2009) and a new species of Amorphophallus Blume ex Decaisne (1834: 366), Araceae (Boyce & Hetterscheid 2010), indicating that this is an important, though still little known, limestone area in Sarawak. The Ulu Merirai limestone is mostly comprised of cliff faces backed by steep earth slopes with most not reaching above the tree canopy and with the highest peak reaching only a maximum elevation of 430 m. ...
Two new species, Monophyllaea grandifolia Kiew & S.Julia and Monophyllaea meriraiensis Kiew & S.Julia are described from limestone hills in Ulu Merirai, Tatau District, Sarawak. Descriptions and photographs of the two species are provided.
... Indonesia diperkirakan memiliki 25% dari total marga Araceae di dunia, umumnya tersebar di Sumatra, Jawa, Kalimantan, Sulawesi dan Papua. Hingga saat ini belum diketahui angka yang pasti untuk jumlah jenis Araceae di Indonesia karena riset-riset terkait masih terus dilakukan, khususnya di Pulau Kalimantan (Kurniawan & Boyce, 2011, Boyce et al., 2010aBoyce et al., 2010b;Wong et al., 2010;Wong, 2010). ...
Araceae, well known as aroid is concentrated in Southeast Asia, notably
Indonesia. 25% of the total genera Araceae are found in Indonesia. Bali belongs
to the Sunda region that scientifically has high diversity of Araceae. Research on
the Araceae species in Jembrana District was held to complete the data set of
Araceae diversity in the Bali Island. This study also play an important role on
Araceae species conservation in Bali Botanic Garden. Data collection was
performed with the exploration method in forest area of Jembrana District, Bali.
Wild Araceae species that grow in forest area was recorded. Reviewing on living
collection of Araceae in the Bali Botanical Gardens and herbarium specimens at
the Hortus Botanicus Baliense (THBB) were also performed to complement the
species and distribution data. The results showed that 13 species of Araceae
found in forest areas in Jembrana District, Bali. They were Aglaonema simplex
Blume, Alocasia macrorrhizos (L.) G. Don, Amorphophallus muelleri Bl., A.
paeoniifolius (Dennst.) Nicolson, A. variabilis Bl., Colocasia esculenta (L.)
Schott, C. gigantea (Blume) Hook.f., Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl.,
Homalomena cordata Schott, Homalomena sp. nov., Rhaphidophora sp.,
Schismatoglottis sp. nov. dan Scindapsus sp.
Keywords : Araceae species, Conservation, Jembrana, Bali.
We revisit a case of mimicry in Amorphophallus involving visual mimicry of lichens and colonies of cyanobacteria on their tree-trunk sized petioles. We investigate the entire genus for similar defensive coloration types and report a defensive leaf coloration strategy in several Amorphophallus spp. that involves mimicry, camouflage and plant-mimicking that results in defensive visual masquerade. We propose that the visual expression of lichen and cyanobacteria mimicry enables the huge and fleshy petioles to look like solid non-edible tree trunks, a classic case of masquerade, probably as defence against herbivores. The results are discussed in a phylogenetic and evolutionary context.
A summary of the aroids of the Flora Malesiana region at the rank of genus is provided. Identification notes for each genus and, where appropriate, their major subdivisions are given. The last monograph and all subsequent key literature is cited for each genus, and also compiled as a general entry. All 42 of currently recognized indigenous Malesian aroid genera (excluding three genera of former Lemnaceae) are detailed, and illustrated.
