Figure 5 - uploaded by Noriko Nagata
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Age estimation bias according to gender and age groups. The analyses revealed a significant main effect of gender and a significant interaction between age group and type of facial expression. The asterisks show a significant simple main effect to be tested on the interaction between age group and type of facial expression.  

Age estimation bias according to gender and age groups. The analyses revealed a significant main effect of gender and a significant interaction between age group and type of facial expression. The asterisks show a significant simple main effect to be tested on the interaction between age group and type of facial expression.  

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In this study, we hypothesized that the tendency toward an age estimation bias when judging age based on facial images was driven by relative comparison with one's own age, similar to situations of face-to-face communication. Using facial images as stimuli, participants were asked to assess the ages of those in the images in relative terms (younger...

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... value means were negative for most groups in both conditions, suggesting that participants tended to over- estimate age based on facial images. Next, to examine the effect of gender, age group, and facial expression on age estimation bias, a three-way ANOVA was performed using participants' gender and age group as between-participants factors, and type of expression as a within-participants factor; the results are shown in Figure 5. The analyses revealed a significant main effect of gender (F(1, 170) = 7.41, p < 0.01, η 2 G = 0.04) and a significant interaction between age groups and type of facial expression (F (2, 170) = 7.63, p < 0.001, η 2 G = 0.01). ...

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