Fig 2 - uploaded by André Victor Lucci Freitas
Content may be subject to copyright.
Adults of Moneuptychia giffordi, ventral on the left, dorsal on the right. a) holotype male from " Reserva Biológica do IBGE " , Distrito Federal: Brazil; b) allotype female, same locality.
Source publication
This paper describes a new species of Moneuptychia Forster from the cerrado in the Federal District and Goiás region in central Brazil, and from highland open vegetation (campos de altitude) of Minas Gerais and Paraná. We provide details of the adult morphology and discuss the new species placement in the genus Moneuptychia.
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... acronyms for the Brazilian collections are: DZUP, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná; MZUSP, Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo; ZUEC, Museu de Zoologia daDescription. Male (Figs 2a, 5a-d). Forewing length 14-16 mm; hindwing length 10-12 mm. ...
Context 2
... Holotype: Adult male (Fig 2a) Allotype. Adult female (Fig 2b), same locality as holotype, also deposited in the ZUEC. ...
Similar publications
Cosmophyga cortesi sp. nov. is described from Azapa Valley, Arica Province, northern Chile, based on male and female adults. This is the first mention of Cosmophyga from Chile.
Estudio de los efectos de la temperatura y la altitud sobre el ciclo de desarrollo y riesgo de infestación por la polilla de la papa, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae), según las predicciones del modelo de simulación fenológico y geográfico en el valle del Mantaro.
Citations
... Os cerrados e campos rupestres do Distrito Federal têm uma heterogeneidade biológica em crescente descoberta, indicando altas taxas de endemismo. Nas últimas décadas uma série de espécies novas para ciência de peixes, borboletas, roedores, plantas e abelhas foram descritas a partir de amostras feitas no Distrito Federal, reforçando a presença de espécies raras e endêmicas do cerrado nesta região (Aguiar & Ramos, 2020;Batista & Bianchetti, 2006;Freitas, Emery, & Mielke, 2010;Machado et al., 2018;Melo et al., 2021;Soares et al., 2021) O Cerrado como bioma ou área de endemismo apresenta subunidades que variam suas definições entre fitofisionomias, ecorregiões, dentre outros termos (IBGE 2014;Morrone, 2014;Ribeiro & Walter, 1998;Sano et al., 2020). Ribeiro e Walter (1998) ...
O desconhecimento da biodiversidade representa um dos principais entraves para seu manejo e conservação. Uma série de estudos tem demonstrado a extinção rápida das espécies de abelhas nas áreas urbanas e periurbanas, de modo que o inventário rápido e disseminação do conhecimento das espécies nativas e sua distribuição através de uma metodologia simples, de baixo custo e facilmente replicável, representa uma das metas para evitar que o desconhecimento leve a extinção local e regional das espécies. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar e apresentar a efetividade um inventário rápido de 5 semanas, da diversidade de abelhas dos Campos Rupestres da Serrinha do Paranoá - uma área de extrema relevância biológica no Planalto Central do Brasil. Para amostragem das abelhas foi usado basicamente armadilhas passivas como copos armadilhas azuis UV (pan-traps) e garrafas-pet com iscas aromáticas. Foram coletadas 849 abelhas de 90 espécies, sendo 536 abelhas de 78 espécies em pan traps e 314 abelhas de 31 espécies nas armadilhas de garrafas pet. As estimativas de riqueza sugerem ao menos 120 espécies a partir da amostragem com estas técnicas de coleta. Foi observado que as áreas mais altas e com menor proporção de urbanização apresentam maior riqueza de espécies que as áreas destinadas mais alteradas e destinadas a implementação ao Parque Pedra dos Amigos. Comparativamente com estudos realizados no Cerrado, os valores de riqueza são semelhantes, porém o diferencial encontra-se no tempo realizado no presente estudo de somente 5 semanas. É preciso alertar sobre a necessidade de conservação destas áreas únicas do DF, evidenciando à sociedade que a supressão destas áreas levará à extinção local das espécies presentes na serrinha do Paranoá.
... Moreover, this clade presents at least 14 undescribed species included in the present study. In fact, just concerning the genus Moneuptychia, the number of described species increased from two to eight in the last decade, most of them inhabiting the high mountains in southeastern Brazil (Freitas, 2007;Freitas et al., 2010Freitas et al., , 2015. Accordingly, a thorough revision of the group with description of all new species is needed to clarify the limits of both genera, or if they should even be maintained as distinct. ...
Species losses are increasing and may have an impact on our understanding of patterns of evolutionary pathways and phylogenetic relationships among the groups being lost. The knowledge of such patterns can contribute to preventing future losses by identifying which lineages have higher or lower diversification rates, thus informing conservation strategies. Recent years have seen a significant growth in studies of butterfly systematics, allowing a better understanding of evolutionary relationships among most groups and revealing significant taxonomic chaos in several groups. One of the latter groups is the nymphalid subtribe Euptychiina (Satyrinae), which has been shown to include a number of non-monophyletic genera based on recent molecular phylogenetic analyses. Among others, these genera include Yphthimoides, which is widespread throughout the Neotropical region but particularly diverse in the southeastern Neotropics, and a pair of related genera, Pharneuptychia Forster, 1964 and Moneuptychia Forster, 1964. Using molecular data, this study scope and aims was to provide a phylogenetic hypothesis that corroborates Yphthimoides as presently conceived being non-monophyletic, a result reinforced by a comparative study of the male genitalic morphology. Our results also show that Pharneuptychia and Moneuptychia, plus a species misplaced elsewhere in the Euptychiina, Euptychoides castrensis (Schaus, 1902), form a well supported clade, and that the latter 'species' is a complex of cryptic species. We therefore propose a number of taxonomic rearrangements in the present work to resolve these issues: Yphthimoides eriphule (A. Butler, 1867) will be moved to a new genus; Y. affinis (A. Butler, 1867), Y. maepius (Godart, [1824]), Y. mimula (Hayward, 1954), Y. neomaenas (Hayward, 1967) and Y. mythra (Weymer, 1911) are being transferred to Malaveria Viloria & Benmesbah, 2021; Pharneuptychia innocentia (Godart, [1824]) will be moved to another genus to be described; and Euptychoides castrensis, Pharneuptychia romanina (Bryk, 1953) and Yphthimoides viviana (Romieux, 1927) are being moved to Moneuptychia. The dating of divergences points to a split between the ancestral lineage of Yphthimoides and its sister group, Carminda Ebert and Dias, in Dias 1998, during the last half of the Miocene, around 11.86 Mya, and to the diversification of the Pharneuptychia during the same time 11.35 (± 3.52) Mya. Biogeographic analysis showed that the most recent common ancestor of Yphthimoides started to diversify either in the the Brazilian Cerrado savannas or in a combined area of Cerrado and South Atlantic Forest, with a possible change in the ancestral habitat of Carminda. Furthermore, ancestral character mapping favors a savanna origin hypothesis over a forest origin hypothesis.
... A number of Satyrini Boisduval, [1833] species have a dry season form, in which patterns of eyespots and stripes are much reduced to nearly absent, and the ventral side is paler, of mottled appearance (Freitas et al. 2010;Freitas et al. 2021). Similar to that, the original illustration of Megisto acmenis Hübner, 1823 (type locality "Baltimore") reveals "not the slightest trace of any eyespots" on the ventral side of its wings (Hübner 1823) (Fig. 37a). ...
Two new species of Hermeuptychia Forster, 1964 are described. Hermeuptychia sinuosa Grishin, sp. n. (type locality Guatemala: El Progreso, Morazán) is an isolated member of the genus that does not readily fit into known species groups, as suggested by its distinct male and female genitalia and COI DNA barcode sequences. It is distinguished from its congeners by prominently wavy submarginal lines, rounder wings and distinctive genitalia, and can typically be identified by a white dot, instead of an eyespot, near the ventral hindwing apex. Hermeuptychia occidentalis Grishin, sp. n. (type locality Mexico: Guerrero, Acapulco) belongs to the Hermeuptychia sosybius group as indicated by the presence of androconia on the dorsal surface of the wings, genitalia and COI DNA barcodes, and in addition to DNA characters, differs from its relatives in the shape of the uncus and female genitalia. Neotypes of Oreas strigata canthe Hübner, [1811] (type locality Suriname: Gelderland, Suriname River), Megisto acmenis Hübner, 1823 (type locality Argentina: Buenos Aires), and Satyrus cantheus Godart, [1824] (type locality USA: Florida, Pinellas Co., St. Petersburg) and lectotype of Euptychia celmis var. bonaërensis [sic] Burmeister, 1878 (type locality Argentina: Buenos Aires) are designated. These designations establish Hermeuptychia canthe as a valid species widely distributed in South America from Colombia to Bolivia and Southeast Brazil, Euptychia celmis var. bonaërensis [sic] Burmeister, 1878 as a junior objective synonym of Yphthimoides acmenis, and S. cantheus as a junior subjective synonym of Hermeuptychia sosybius (Fabricius, 1793). Papilio camerta Cramer, 1780 is treated as nomen dubium requiring further studies to determine an identity that is consistent with the original description, as it may be conspecific with Paryphthimoides poltys (Prittwitz, 1865) instead of being a Hermeuptychia species as currently assumed.
... Family Nymphalidae also has been proved monophyletic but its subdivision of has some uncertainty (Ackery et al. 1999). And new species, even new genera, have been discovered or revised (Freitas et al. 2010(Freitas et al. , 2011Zacca et al. 2013;Nakahara et al. 2014;Barbosa et al. 2020). Thus, more mitogenome data will be helpful to make the subdivision of family Nymphalidae clearer. ...
Lasiommata deidamia Eversmann taxonomically belongs to lepidopteran family Nymphalidae Rafinesque, 1815. The Complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of the insect had been sequenced, with 15,244 bp of total length that has 81.12% AT content and contains a typical set of genes (13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNA genes and 2 rRNA genes) and a 417 bp AT-rich region. Another, 11 intergenic spacers (139 bp in total) and 16 overlaps (175 bp in total) have been founded. The longest interval is located between trnGln and nad2 while the maximum overlap is between trnHis and nad4. All PCG genes are started with the ATN codons and stop at TAA codons except cox1 which uses CGA as the initiation codon. No tandem repeat has been found in the AT-rich region. The phylogenetic tree inferred with Bayesian Inference based on all the 13 protein sequences of 45 mitogeomes reveals the phylogenetic relationships of the taxa in the subfamily Styrinae is (((Satyrini + Ypthimini) + (Amathusiini + Elymniini)) + Melanitini) and that within tribe Satyrini is ((((Lethina + Parargina) + Mycalesina) + Coenonymphina) +(Satyrina + (Melanargiina + Maniolina))).
... A number of Satyrini Boisduval, [1833] species have a dry season form, in which patterns of eyespots and stripes are much reduced to nearly absent, and the ventral side is paler, of mottled appearance (Freitas et al. 2010;Freitas et al. 2021). Similar to that, the original illustration of Megisto acmenis Hübner, 1823 (type locality "Baltimore") reveals "not the slightest trace of any eyespots" on the ventral side of its wings (Hübner 1823) (Fig. 37a). ...
Two new species of Hermeuptychia Forster, 1964 are described. Hermeuptychia sinuosa Grishin, sp. n. (type locality Guatemala: El Progreso, Morazán) is an isolated member of the genus that does not readily fit into known species groups, as suggested by its distinct male and female genitalia and COI DNA barcode sequences. It is distinguished from its congeners by prominently wavy submarginal lines, rounder wings and distinctive genitalia, and can typically be identified by a white dot, instead of an eyespot, near the ventral hindwing apex. Hermeuptychia occidentalis Grishin, sp. n. (type locality Mexico: Guerrero, Acapulco) belongs to the Hermeuptychia sosybius group as indicated by the presence of androconia on the dorsal surface of the wings, genitalia and COI DNA barcodes, and in addition to DNA characters, differs from its relatives in the shape of the uncus and female genitalia. Neotypes of Oreas strigata canthe Hübner, [1811] (type locality Suriname: Gelderland, Suriname River), Megisto acmenis Hübner, 1823 (type locality Argentina: Buenos Aires), and Satyrus cantheus Godart, [1824] (type locality USA: Florida, Pinellas Co., St. Petersburg) and lectotype of Euptychia celmis var. bonaërensis [sic] Burmeister, 1878 (type locality Argentina: Buenos Aires) are designated. These designations establish Hermeuptychia canthe as a valid species widely distributed in South America from Colombia to Bolivia and Southeast Brazil, Euptychia celmis var. bonaërensis [sic] Burmeister, 1878 as a junior objective synonym of Yphthimoides acmenis, and S. cantheus as a junior subjective synonym of Hermeuptychia sosybius (Fabricius, 1793). Papilio camerta Cramer, 1780 is treated as nomen dubium requiring further studies to determine an identity that is consistent with the original description, as it may be conspecific with Paryphthimoides poltys (Prittwitz, 1865) instead of being a Hermeuptychia species as currently assumed.
... Amazingly, recent studies in these habitats that are unusual for Euptychiina have resulted in the discovery of a rich, undescribed fauna. A good example is the genus Moneuptychia, with six species described recently, increasing the number of species in the genus from two to eight (Freitas 2007;Freitas et al. 2010Freitas et al. , 2015. ...
A new species of the butterfly satyrine subtribe Euptychiina is described: Carminda surpresa sp. nov. This species is apparently restricted to high altitude wet grasslands in southeastern Brazil. The description is based on morphological features, mainly from the wings, and male and female genitalia, and molecular data were also obtained and are used to validate the new species. Information about the geographic distribution, habitat and immature stages morphology is also provided. The systematic position of C. surpresa sp. nov. is discussed based on a molecular analysis which includes all described species of Carminda in addition to other species of Satyrinae.
... Later, Lamas (2004) listed five species in Moneuptychia, including three species previously assigned to the genus Carminda Dias, 1998, a proposal that has subsequently been discarded based on morphological and molecular data (Ebert & Dias, 1997;Dias, 2011;Freitas, 2007;Peña et al., 2010). In recent years, six additional species have been described in Moneuptychia, with the genus now containing eight described species (Freitas, 2007;Freitas et al., 2010Freitas et al., , 2015. ...
... All known species of Moneuptychia occur mainly in southeastern Brazil, with some species spreading onto the cerrado savanna domain in northeastern and central Brazil, such as Moneuptychia itapeva Freitas, 2007, Moneuptychia giffordi Freitas, Emery & Mielke, 2010, and Moneuptychia wahlbergi Freitas, Barbosa, Siewert & Mielke, 2015. Most species are typical of open habitats, such as high altitude grass fields ("campos de altitude"), rocky fields ("campos rupestres") and savannas ("cerrados"). ...
... Most species are typical of open habitats, such as high altitude grass fields ("campos de altitude"), rocky fields ("campos rupestres") and savannas ("cerrados"). However, two species are more strongly associated with forested habitats; the type species, M. soter, is common in medium to high altitudes forests in southeastern and southern Brazil; the recently described Moneuptychia vitellina Freitas & Barbosa, 2015 is common in forest edges above 1600 m in the Serra da Mantiqueira mountain range (Freitas, 2007;Freitas et al., 2010Freitas et al., , 2015 Freitas, 2007;Freitas et al., 2015). In all three above mentioned species the immatures are very similar; larvae pass through five or six instars, are solitary and brownish in color in the last instars, and pupae are also similar in general shape. ...
The present paper describes the immature stages of two species of Moneuptychia, namely Moneuptychia soter, the type species of the genus, and Moneuptychia vitellina. The immature stages of the two species are very similar; eggs are white and round, with longitudinal and transverse ribs; first instars are light green, turning light brown with longitudinal zigzag stripes in the last instars; pupae are short, brown, without ornamentation or projections and with short squared ocular caps. The immature stages of both species here described are quite similar to other species of the genus Moneuptychia and to other representatives of the "Megisto clade", underlining the potential importance of immature stages as sources of phylogenetically informative characters in Euptychiina. Resumo: O presente trabalho descreve os estágios imaturos de duas espécies de Moneuptychia, a saber, Moneuptychia soter, a espécie tipo do gênero e Moneuptychia vitellina. Os imaturos das duas espécies são bastante similares; os ovos são brancos e esféricos, marcados por estrias verticais e horizontais; os primeiros instares são esverdeados, passando a castanho com marcas em zigue-zague longitudinais nos últimos instares; as pupas são curtas, marrons e sem ornamentações ou projeções, com as capas oculares curtas. Os imaturos de ambas as espécies são muito similares àqueles de outras espécies do gênero Moneuptychia e de outros representantes do "clado Megisto", mostrando a importância dos caracteres dos imaturos como fonte de informação filogenética em Euptychiina.
... We confirm the recent transfer of Megisto rubricata, occurring in the southwestern USA and northern Mexico, to Cissia . Furthermore, both in the present study and in Peña et al. (2010), Yphthimoides and Carminda were found to be sister groups, and Pharneuptychia is close to Moneuptychia (see also Freitas et al. (2010)). Cissia palladia and C. labe have never before been included in any phylogenetic study and were found to form a clade that is the sister group to Carminda+Yphthimoides with full support in all trees. ...
Relationships within satyrine butterflies have been notoriously difficult to resolve using both morphology and Sanger sequencing methods, and this is particularly true for the mainly Neotropical subtribe Euptychiina, which contains about 400 described species. Known larvae of Euptychiina feed on grasses and sedges, with the exception of the genus Euptychia, which feed on mosses and lycopsids, and the butterflies occur widely in rainforest, cloudforest and grassland habitats, where they are often abundant. Several previous molecular and morphological studies have made significant progress in tackling the systematics of the group, but many relationships remain unresolved, with long-branch-attraction artifacts being a major problem. Additionally, the monophyly of the clade remains uncertain, with Euptychia possibly not being closely related to the remainder of the clade. Here we present a backbone phylogeny of the subtribe based on 106 taxa, 368 nuclear loci, and over 180,000 bps obtained through hybrid enrichment. Using both concatenation and species tree approaches (IQ-TREE, EXABAYES, ASTRAL), we can for the first time strongly confirm the monophyly of Euptychiina with Euptychia being the sister group to the remainder of the clade. The Euptychiina is divided into nine well supported clades, but the placement of a few genera such as Hermeuptychia, Pindis and the Chloreuptychia catharina group still remain uncertain. As partially indicated in previous studies, the genera Cissia, Chloreuptychia, Magneuptychia, Megisto, Splendeuptychia and Euptychoides, among others, were found to be highly polyphyletic and revisions are in preparation. The phylogeny will provide a strong backbone for the analysis of datasets in development that are much more taxonomically comprehensive but have orders of magnitude fewer loci. This study therefore represents a critical step towards resolving the higher classification and studying the evolution of this highly diverse lineage.
... Variation (Figs 1E, 1F). Seasonal variation seems to occur in this species, as has also been reported for many other species of Euptychiina from the Brazilian savanna (Freitas, 2007;Freitas et al., 2010;Siewert et al., 2013;Zacca et al., 2014). During the rainy season (October to March), the wing ventral ocelli are developed, filling in most of the intervenal spaces on the VHW, whereas these ocelli become strongly reduced in the dry season (April to September). ...
A new genus, Nhambikuara Freitas, Barbosa & Zacca gen. nov., and species, Nhambikuara cerradensis Freitas, Barbosa & Zacca sp. nov., of the highly diverse Neotropical butterfly subtribe Euptychiina are described. Nhambikuara cerradensis sp. nov. is the type species for the genus, and Euptychia mima Butler, 1867 is also transferred to the new genus, as Nhambikuara mima (Butler, 1867) comb. nov., from the genus Zischkaia Forster, 1964. The taxonomy, phylogenetic relationships, geographic distribution and natural history of species of the genus are also discussed. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:41AD7568-3490-4F63-A019-32D5592A8C44
... This is not the only example of an Atlantic Forest genus of Satyrinae whose species richness has increased considerably due to r e c e n t s t u d i e s . A n o t h e r e x a m p l e i s t h e g e n u s Moneuptychia Forster, 1964 belonging to the subtribe Euptychiina, a predominantly premontane and montane genus whose species also increased from two to eight in the last decade (Freitas 2007, Freitas et al 2010, 2015, with at least five more undescribed species identified (Freitas et al in prep.). ...
The genus Praepedaliodes Forster, 1964, the only representative of the mega-diverse mostly Andean Pedaliodes complex lineage in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, is revised. Prior to this study, four species were known, P. phanias (Hewitson, 1862), P. granulata (Butler, 1868), P. amussis (Thieme, 1905) and P. exul (Thieme, 1905). Here, a further six are described, all from SE Brazil, expanding to 10 the number of species in this
genus. Lectotypes are designated for P. phanias, P. granulata and P. amussis. The genus is most diverse in the Serra da Mantiqueira (São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais) and in the Serra Geral (Paraná, Santa Catarina) with seven species occurring in both ranges. Praepedaliodes phanias is the most widespread species and the only one found in the western part of the Atlantic Forest; only this species and P. duartei Dias, Dolibaina & Pyrcz n. sp. occurring to near sea level. Other species, P. zaccae Dolibaina, Dias & Pyrcz n. sp., P. francinii Freitas & Pyrcz n. sp., P. sequeirae Pyrcz, Dias & Dolbaina n. sp., P. landryi Pyrcz & Freitas n. sp. and P. pawlaki Pyrcz & Boyer n. sp. are strictly montane and the highest species richness is reached at 1400–1800 m. One species, P. sequeirae n. sp., is a narrow endemic found only at timberline in the Agulhas Negras massif above 2300 m. Immature stages are described for two species, P. phanias and P. landryi n. sp. Molecular data (barcode region of cytochrome oxidase, subunit I) and adult morphology, including male and female genitalia, support the genus as monophyletic, belonging to a predominantly Andean clade of the Pedaliodes Butler, 1867 complex.
Morphological evidences, in particular female genitalia comparative analysis, indicate the genera Physcopedaliodes Forster, 1964 and Panyapedaliodes Forster, 1964 as possibly the closest relatives to
Praepedaliodes. Molecular data are inconclusive in this respect.
