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Adult male fifth generation (G5) of Pelung show different type of pial
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Pelung is one of the most importance local chicken in Indonesia. Genetic introgression and inbreeding depression were the major threat for local chicken gene pool. The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of serial inbreeding mating to plumage colours of Pelung chicken. Pure Pelung chicken which purchased from Cianjur sub-distri...
Citations
... Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara yang memiliki keanekaragaman ayam lokal terbesar di dunia (Saragih et al., 2021). Terdapat sekitar 31 jenis ayam lokal Indonesia yang tersebar di berbagai daerah (Hidayat & Asmarasari, 2015). ...
... Salah satu cara yang dilakukan adalah dengan menyilangkan antara jenis ayam lokal pilihan yang dapat menghasilkan keturunan dengan potensi pertumbuhan lebih cepat. Ayam lokal yang paling banyak dipelajari antara lain, ayam Cemani, Sumatera, Kedu, Banten/Kate, Nunukan, dan Pelung (Saragih et al., 2021). Berdasarkan penelitian Daryono et al. (2010) persilangan antara ayam jantan Pelung dengan ayam betina Cemani dapat menghasilkan anakan dengan rerata berat badan rata-rata pada minggu ke-7 sebesar 532 ± 39,294 g. ...
... Walaupun memiliki fenotipe yang bervariasi, tetapi anakan tersebut memiliki karakter seperti ayam lokal (Gambar 3; Gambar 4; Gambar 5). Menurut hasil penelitian Saragih et al. (2021) ayam Pelung memiliki warna bulu yang sangat variatif. Penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk menemukan karakter yang khas dari ayam Supel hasil perkawinan ayam betina Jawa super dengan ayam jantan Pelung. ...
AbstrakPeningkatan permintaan daging ayam Broiler di pasaran menurunkan minat peternak terhadap ayam lokal. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan upaya peningkatan populasi ayam lokal yang berpotensi sebagai ayam pedaging. Salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan adalah menyilangkan ayam betina Jawa super dengan ayam jantan Pelung yang diketahui memiliki pertumbuhan lebih cepat dibandingkan ayam lokal. Hasil persilangan tersebut diharapkan memiliki pertumbuhan cepat dan berpotensi sebagai ayam pedaging dengan karakter lokal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mempelajari pertumbuhan, morfometri tubuh, dan fenotipe ayam Super pelung (SUPEL) hasil persilangan ayam betina Jawa super dengan ayam jantan Pelung. Parameter yang diukur adalah berat badan, morfometri tubuh, dan fenotipe ayam Supel. Selain itu dilakukan pengukuran berat, warna, morfometri, dan analisis proksimat telur ayam Jawa super. Hasil menunjukkan rerata berat badan ayam Supel saat Day Old Chicken (DOC) sebesar 33,57 ± 2,44 g dan mencapai 1.164,00 ± 98,20 g pada umur 3 bulan. Fenotipe anak ayam Supel menunjukkan ciri-ciri kombinasi dari kedua indukan. Sementara itu hasil pengukuran berat telur ayam Jawa super diperoleh rerata sebesar 43,15 ± 3,57 g. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh dapat disimpulkan bahwa ayam Supel hasil persilangan memiliki pertumbuhan yang cepat dan memiliki karakter fenotipe seperti ayam lokal.AbstractThe increasing demands of Broiler chicken meat in the market lower farmers' interest in the local chicken breed. Therefore, effort is needed to improve the local chicken population for its potential as Broilers. One of the solutions is to crossbreed between Jawa super hens and Pelung roosters with faster growth than other local chickens. The crossbreed chicken (Supel chicken) is expected to have faster growth and the potential as Broilers with local characteristics. The purpose of this study is to evaluate growth, body morphometry, and the phenotype of Super pelung (SUPEL) chicken. Parameters measured were body weight, body morphometry, and phenotype of Supel chicken. The measurements of weight, color, morphometry, and proximate analysis were also conducted on Jawa super egg. The results showed that the weight of Supel chicken during Day Old Chicken (DOC) was 33.57 ± 2.44 g and reached 1,164.00 ± 98.20 g in 3 months. The phenotype of Supel chicken showed combination characteristics of the two broods. Meanwhile, the weight of the Jawa super chicken egg average of 43.15 ± 3.57 g. It can be concluded that Supel chicken has a faster growth rate and phenotypic characters resembling Indonesia's local chickens.
Background: An optimal selective breeding program must balance ethical risks and operational costs without necessarily compromising its effectiveness and aims. For this purpose, a modular breeding simulator was used. Modular simulation acts as a preliminary evaluation instrument to predict the entire likelihood of outputs from a complex selective breeding program.
Methods: A web-based modular stochastic simulator (MoBPSweb) facilitates the design-test-analysis workflow of the meat-type Pelung chicken selective breeding program with the nickname Gama Ayam Kambro. Several specific selective parameters were formulated and tested against the actual breeding scheme according to Gama Ayam Kambro's research. Three selection scenarios applied to Gama Ayam Kambro's breeding scheme, constructed based on three technical principles of crossings. These scenarios were compared based on accuracy, F coefficient, kinship, and observed phenotypes. An available feature on MoBPSweb also allowed the projections of specific economic parameters.
Results: Crossing techniques, selection model scenarios, and breeding schemes determine the accuracy, F coefficient, kinship, and observed phenotypes. The selection accuracy of male 5th Kambro and Pelung could be optimized using the design of genomic selection scenario_1 and outbreeding crossing techniques, both for Broiler and Pelung selection index. The selection model scenario and similar crossing technique are also quite effective in controlling the F coefficient. However, the outbreeding crossing technique is less effective in increasing the achievements of AFE, BW49D, EN, and FCR, contrarily for FEML, TL, and BW56D. Therefore, for AFE and FEML, the selection of 5th Kambro dan Pelung males could be more optimal by using scenario_2 (BV) and scenario_3 (PHEN), respectively. Meanwhile, for BW49D and EN, the reciprocal applies. Therefore, the selection of 5th Kambro and Pelung males for FCR and BW56D would be more optimal if scenario_1 (GEN) and scenario_3 (PHEN) were used, respectively. Meanwhile, for TL, it would be more optimal if scenario_3 with a phenotype selection design was used for both. The projection of economic parameters indicates that the total operational cost per year is required around ±500 million rupiahs for these three selection model scenarios using Gama Ayam Kambro breeding scheme with 100 intensive rearing enclosure units and 50 breeding generations. In addition, the projected operational cost must consider the inflation and interest rate of rupiah per year.
Conclusions: Digitalization of selective breeding program using MoBPSweb stochastic simulator allows the design-test-analysis (DTA) procedure in Gama Ayam breeding scheme and its parameters and scenarios to be executed immediately and the results evaluated in real-time. However, there are at least two things to consider about this research. Firstly, genomic parameters that are specific cause a niche of reference, which means that this research is difficult to compare with other relevant studies. Therefore, the only solution is to do directly testing in the field. Implicitly, it is projected that there will be an exponential increase in the amount of data that must be accommodated by greater computing power to maintain and increase the simulation sensitivity. Therefore, these computational requirements may need to be considered one of the operational cost components, especially for the digital integrated poultry industry.
Background: An optimal selective breeding program must balance ethical risks and operational costs without necessarily compromising its effectiveness and aims. For this purpose, a modular breeding simulator was used. Modular simulation acts as a preliminary evaluation instrument to predict the entire likelihood of outputs from a complex selective breeding program.
Methods: A web-based modular stochastic simulator (MoBPSweb) facilitates the design-test-analysis workflow of the meat-type Pelung chicken selective breeding program with the nickname Gama Ayam Kambro. Several specific selective parameters were formulated and tested against the actual breeding scheme according to Gama Ayam Kambro's research. Three selection scenarios applied to Gama Ayam Kambro's breeding scheme, constructed based on three technical principles of crossings. These scenarios were compared based on accuracy, F coefficient, kinship, and observed phenotypes. An available feature on MoBPSweb also allowed the projections of specific economic parameters.
Results: Crossing techniques, selection model scenarios, and breeding schemes determine the accuracy, F coefficient, kinship, and observed phenotypes. The selection accuracy of male 5th Kambro and Pelung could be optimized using the design of genomic selection scenario_1 and outbreeding crossing techniques, both for Broiler and Pelung selection index. The selection model scenario and similar crossing technique are also quite effective in controlling the F coefficient. However, the outbreeding crossing technique is less effective in increasing the achievements of AFE, BW49D, EN, and FCR, contrarily for FEML, TL, and BW56D. Therefore, for AFE and FEML, the selection of 5th Kambro dan Pelung males could be more optimal by using scenario_2 (BV) and scenario_3 (PHEN), respectively. Meanwhile, for BW49D and EN, the reciprocal applies. Therefore, the selection of 5th Kambro and Pelung males for FCR and BW56D would be more optimal if scenario_1 (GEN) and scenario_3 (PHEN) were used, respectively. Meanwhile, for TL, it would be more optimal if scenario_3 with a phenotype selection design was used for both. The projection of economic parameters indicates that the total operational cost per year is required around ±500 million rupiahs for these three selection model scenarios using Gama Ayam Kambro breeding scheme with 100 intensive rearing enclosure units and 50 breeding generations. In addition, the projected operational cost must consider the inflation and interest rate of rupiah per year.
Conclusions: Digitalization of selective breeding program using MoBPSweb stochastic simulator allows the design-test-analysis (DTA) procedure in Gama Ayam breeding scheme and its parameters and scenarios to be executed immediately and the results evaluated in real-time. However, there are at least two things to consider about this research. Firstly, genomic parameters that are specific cause a niche of reference, which means that this research is difficult to compare with other relevant studies. Therefore, the only solution is to do directly testing in the field. Implicitly, it is projected that there will be an exponential increase in the amount of data that must be accommodated by greater computing power to maintain and increase the simulation sensitivity. Therefore, these computational requirements may need to be considered one of the operational cost components, especially for the digital integrated poultry industry.
