Discuss everything related to viruses

• Adnan Khurshid

  Long-term storage of blood or serum for the purpose of diagnosis viruses? Nairoviruses?

  If blood quantity is in excessive quantity and 1 ml is enough for serum separation, what should be done with the remaining blood? Should we process the whole blood for serum separation and store theIf blood quantity is in excessive quantity and 1 ml is enough for serum separation, what should be done with the remaining blood? Should we process the whole blood for serum separation and store the serum or keep the blood as it is for future use of further separation of serum?

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    Ignacio Alvarez replied

    You can process the whole blood and store the plasma with Citrate Phosphate Dextrose solution (CPD) and keep it frozen for future use at -18ºC for 6 months, at -25ºC for 24 months or at -80ºC for 4You can process the whole blood and store the plasma with Citrate Phosphate Dextrose solution (CPD) and keep it frozen for future use at -18ºC for 6 months, at -25ºC for 24 months or at -80ºC for 4 years as the Nairovirus endures freezing process pretty well.

    3 days ago
• Fathima Sajina

  Which virus is more virulent? RNA virus or DNA virus?

  Microbiology

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    Gerard Kian-Meng Goh replied

    RNA is chemically unstable in nature and lab. It is therefore more prone to damage and mutations than DNA.

    4 days ago
• Rachel Terrasse

  Does Nef viral protein enter the nucleus when HIV infects a cell?

  During viral infection, some proteins enter the nucleus of infected cells with the proviral DNA. Is the Nef accessory protein part of the preintegration complex which enters the nucleus?

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    Sohrab Khan replied

    There are reports (but not many) regarding Nuclear translocation of Nef. Nucleic Acids Research, 2011, 1–14 THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY VOL. 280, NO. 48, pp. 40041–40050, December 2,There are reports (but not many) regarding Nuclear translocation of Nef. Nucleic Acids Research, 2011, 1–14 THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY VOL. 280, NO. 48, pp. 40041–40050, December 2, 2005 FEBS Letters 548 (2003) 37-42 Sugiyama et al. FEBS 2011. there are few more. But my experience says that it is always in cytoplasm or peirnuclear region. U can see my paper JBC VOL. 286, NO. 26, pp. 22943–22954, July 1, 2011, here I have always found NEF out side the nucleus. But it would be a nice to do a real time localization of Nef during HIV infection. Nef interact with various cellular factor hence localization will depend on this interaction and the phase of infection.

    5 days ago
• Sujit Pujhari

  Experimental design for Virus and Host Protein Interaction?

  I am working with the apoptosis inhibition by RNA virus. I could figure out the protein in my virus which decelerate the apoptosis in its host. I have also learnt from the literature that it uses theI am working with the apoptosis inhibition by RNA virus. I could figure out the protein in my virus which decelerate the apoptosis in its host. I have also learnt from the literature that it uses the mitochondrial dependent pathway for apoptosis. Now my problem is how find out which host and viral protein interaction leads to the apoptotic inhibition in host.

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    Sujit Pujhari replied

    Ok, Thanks a lot Rachel. let me explore

    10 days ago
• Bindhya Sadhanandhan

  What are the principles behind viral plaque assays on mammalian cells?

  How does this virus attack the monolayer cells and form plaques? How is titre determined from it?

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  • 
    Bindhya Sadhanandhan replied

    Thank you sir

    12 days ago
• Tirthankar Sinha

  How does a Virus Regulate The Host Replication/Transcription Machinery?

  We all know that during transduction only the viral DNA/RNA enters the host cell.But how does just this DNA by itself regulate the host machinery for transcription/replication? Yes, It is knownWe all know that during transduction only the viral DNA/RNA enters the host cell.But how does just this DNA by itself regulate the host machinery for transcription/replication? Yes, It is known that the animal viruses have stronger promoters than the host itself, so does this fact solely play a role in the host machinery binding to the viral genome than the host genome, or is there some kind of regulation by the viral genome that shuts down the host transcription as well? How do the viral DNA-host protein interactions take place? Are there any mechanisms known?

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    Ahmed Abd El-Aziz Zakaria El-Said Kheder replied

    many thanks Dr. Daniel Neto for Excellent explanation by translational control of viral gene expression in Eukaryotes review

    21 days ago
• Elamurugan Appavoo

  SERUM or PLASMA, which could be better choice to isolate viral RNA ?

  I am trying to isolate viral RNA from suspected AVIAN LEUKOSIS VIRUS positive birds, whether i can go for serum or plama

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    Elamurugan Appavoo replied

    Thank you sir..

    22 days ago
• Abrar Hussain Khan

  Problem in the amplification of NS3 gene of HCV 1a

  I have encountered a problem in the amplification of the NS3 gene of HCV 1a.

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    Aaron Yeh replied

    1. Check the quality of RNA 2. Use control primers (b-globina, gapdh, etc..) to verify you really have RNA. 3. If you use a kit to cDNA sinthesis, check if it work like it should be. (if control1. Check the quality of RNA 2. Use control primers (b-globina, gapdh, etc..) to verify you really have RNA. 3. If you use a kit to cDNA sinthesis, check if it work like it should be. (if control primers amplify it work good, if don't maybe something is wrong with the kit o rna quality). 4.Maybe you need to change your Taq Polymerase, there are Taq polymerase recombinant wich work better with long pcr amplicon. 5. Try to looking for other one pcr profile. 6. try with other one primers. remember do your job with some sample you know amplify.

    Apr 26, 2012
• Werner Slenczka

  Can a therapy with cholesterol lowering drugs interfere with the replication of enveloped viruses?

  Enveloped viruses stimulate the turnover of membrane material in the cell and a surplus of cholesterol is needed. The question ist whether or not a cholesterol lowering therapy can interfere withEnveloped viruses stimulate the turnover of membrane material in the cell and a surplus of cholesterol is needed. The question ist whether or not a cholesterol lowering therapy can interfere with viral membrane synthesis.

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    Aaron Yeh replied

    In HCV viral replication cycle models, during the binding step the virus is associated with LDL and use the LDL-receptor to bind him on the cell surface. this is a important step for the infection ofIn HCV viral replication cycle models, during the binding step the virus is associated with LDL and use the LDL-receptor to bind him on the cell surface. this is a important step for the infection of hepatocytes.

    Apr 26, 2012
• Jennifer Arab

  Nipah Virus

  Does anyone work with or know about any current research on Nipah Virus?

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    Jennifer Arab replied

    Well recently it has been reported that infections in the last 2 years have a 100% mortality rate. You are correct though, the immune system does mount an immune response, based on the surfaceWell recently it has been reported that infections in the last 2 years have a 100% mortality rate. You are correct though, the immune system does mount an immune response, based on the surface glyoproteins. Nipah virus fuses to cell membranes, and the only antigen presenting cell it can infect are dendritic cells, but not very well. When the virus fuses the glycoproteins stay on the plasma membrane. So does a T cell just recognize those glycoproteins?

    Apr 25, 2012
• Niaz Ali

  I am looking for virus isolation/purification protocol for Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (TYLCV)

  There are many in the published papers, all describe give good results. But I wonder if anyone has used or know give a good result and can give me a copy will be great.

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    Niaz Ali replied

    Edward Rybicki, great thank you very much indeed.

    Apr 22, 2012
• Robinot Rémy

  Position and orientation of SV40ori into a plasmid

  Hi everybody ! I want to make HPV pseudoviruses in 293TT cells. In this system, you must have an SV40ori on your plasmid constuction to have a good replication and packaging of your plasmid ofHi everybody ! I want to make HPV pseudoviruses in 293TT cells. In this system, you must have an SV40ori on your plasmid constuction to have a good replication and packaging of your plasmid of interest. However i don't have SV40ori in my constructions, and it doesn't works (I tried). SO, I want to add SV40ori into my different constructions. Does anybody know how important are the position and the orientation of the SV40ori into a plasmid ? Thanks !!! Remy

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    Robinot Rémy replied

    Haha it's a long story! I'm actually working with Rhonda Kines, she did her post-doc with John Schiller ^^ At the beginning, I haven't been supposed to use this system, but use theHaha it's a long story! I'm actually working with Rhonda Kines, she did her post-doc with John Schiller ^^ At the beginning, I haven't been supposed to use this system, but use the disassembly/reassembly protocol (Touze et al.) so, don't need the SV40ori.

    Apr 21, 2012
• Andras Donaszi-Ivanov

  Does anyone know of miRNA profiling performed in RNA virus infected mammalian cells?

  I'm trying to find studies where a complete miRNA profiles of virus infected cells were studied (either by microarrays or qPCRs or anything else). The virus would preferably be RNA virus. It mightI'm trying to find studies where a complete miRNA profiles of virus infected cells were studied (either by microarrays or qPCRs or anything else). The virus would preferably be RNA virus. It might be that I'm using the wrong key-words, but the searches turn up nothing of this nature. Plenty of viral encoded miRNA articles, or articles focusing on a few cellular miRNAs that might be important in antiviral mechanisms, but nothing global.

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    Andras Donaszi-Ivanov replied

    Thank you all very much... really appreciate it.

    Apr 20, 2012
• Erma Tyastuti

  How to isolate Chicken Anemia Virus (CAV) from chicken eggs?

  I want to do a research on CAV (chicken anemia virus) and i want to isolate the virus from the eggs since it was claimed that CAV is vertically transformed. Can anyone explain a procedure to isolateI want to do a research on CAV (chicken anemia virus) and i want to isolate the virus from the eggs since it was claimed that CAV is vertically transformed. Can anyone explain a procedure to isolate CAV from chicken eggs?

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    Mayra Lissette Motta de Hodgson replied

    We have used this. Use the yolk and albumen mixed (1:1), then frozen and thawed three times, and centrifuged at 3000 g for 10 min. The supernatant can be inoculated in MDCC-MSB1 cells (5x 10sWe have used this. Use the yolk and albumen mixed (1:1), then frozen and thawed three times, and centrifuged at 3000 g for 10 min. The supernatant can be inoculated in MDCC-MSB1 cells (5x 10s cells/ml) or injected ip in CAA antibody-free 1-day-old chicks. you can read. Persistence and vertical transmission of chicken anaemia agent in experimentally infected laying hens R. K. Hoop a b

    Apr 19, 2012
• Chris Carter

  The microbiome amd human diseases

  Viruses, bacteria and other pathogens are implicated in a number of human diseases including Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, muliple sclerosis and Parkinson's disease, ADHD, autism, bipolar disorder,Viruses, bacteria and other pathogens are implicated in a number of human diseases including Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, muliple sclerosis and Parkinson's disease, ADHD, autism, bipolar disorder, depression and schizophrenia, arthritis, irritable bowel syndrome, obesity, cancers and many others.Their involvement is listed on this page with outclicks to Pubmed: http://www.polygenicpathways.co.uk/microbiome.htm

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    Jennifer Arab replied

    If the second pathogen only effects the host due to the host's immune response to the pathogen, I could see reduced symptoms. Or are you referring to something such as bacteriophages?

    Apr 18, 2012