Ophthalmology

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6 I want to know the latest advances in the disease called retinitis pigmentosa. Anyone know about it?
By Claudia Ramirez ·

John Fingert · University of Iowa

You can check out these sites for excellent RP research news There is a great review of RP (and lots of other inherited diseases) at GeneReviews at t... [more]

You can check out these sites for excellent RP research news There is a great review of RP (and lots of other inherited diseases) at GeneReviews at the National Center for BioTechnology Information (NCBI) by Dr. Weleber, Daiger and Fahim. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1417/ At the same sight they have links to research centers / genetic testing centers around the world (GeneTests) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/GeneTests/review/disease/retinitis%20pigmentosa?db=genetests&search_param=contains Foundation Fighting Blindness http://www.blindness.org Research to Prevent Blindness https://www.rpbusa.org/rpb/

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2 How does one visualize the movement of intraocular fluid?
By Maryna Shchadnykh · Kharkiv National Medical University

John Fingert · University of Iowa

Fluorophotometry is used to frequently used to optically measure fluid dynamics in the eye. Carol Toris at U of Neb Med Center seems to publish a lot... [more]

Fluorophotometry is used to frequently used to optically measure fluid dynamics in the eye. Carol Toris at U of Neb Med Center seems to publish a lot on this technique.

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19 Does the pupil diameter of the human eye correlate to the central sympathetic drive?
By Joachim Weil · Universitätsklinikum Schleswig - Holstein

Sydney Bush · UK Institute of CardioRetinometry

As a contact lens practitioner concerned with horizontal and vertical diameters of cornea and pupil I found that by far the easiest and most accurate ... [more]

As a contact lens practitioner concerned with horizontal and vertical diameters of cornea and pupil I found that by far the easiest and most accurate measurement was via my slitlamp biomicroscope onto my videomonitor with my screen superimposing my Rabone Chesterman steel rule correct at 20 degrees Celsius. No possibility of parallax or repeatable error! The only confounding factors are the illumination requiring standardisation and accommodation convergence pupillary reflex - not easy !

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New What agent might be used to encourage adhesion between anterior Tenon's and conjunctival layers when closing an enucleation?
After placement of an orbital implant in enucleation, the anterior layers (ant Tenon's and conj) are simply closed. In the interest of increasing (ev... [more]

After placement of an orbital implant in enucleation, the anterior layers (ant Tenon's and conj) are simply closed. In the interest of increasing (eventual) ocular prosthesis motility, would it be advantageous to tack these layers together? Perhaps with an alcohol to denature some fat, followed by a mild caustic, suctioned, then irrigated-out?

By Craig Luce

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New Would limiting surgical dissection *outside the rectus muscles during enucleation retain pulley function?
Or is it truly necessary in order to free the recti? It *appears that retaining the rectus pulley dynamic moment would aid postop implant movement (a... [more]

Or is it truly necessary in order to free the recti? It *appears that retaining the rectus pulley dynamic moment would aid postop implant movement (and possibly forniceal movement if attachments were more intact). The intent is to increase subsequent ocular prosthesis motility and decrease implant migration.

By Craig Luce

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7 Can anyone please recommend good online training for MATLAB and Psychtoolbox or any other ways to learn MATLAB?
By Nabin Paudel · University of Auckland

Nabin Paudel · University of Auckland

Thanks Alessandro!

Thanks Alessandro!

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4 Does hyperbaric dioxygen therapy help in ophthalmology?
By Franz Winkler

Enzo Vingolo · Sapienza University of Rome

See these recent pubblications....

See these recent pubblications....

Hyperbaric oxygen and hyperbaric air treatment result in comparable neuronal death reduction and improved behavioral outcome after transient forebrain ischemia in the gerbil. × Michal Malek, Malgorzata Duszczyk, Marcin Zyszkowski, Apolonia Ziembowicz, Elzbieta Salinska

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18 Is eye padding for corneal abrasions beneficial?
By Tendai Gwenhure · Moorfields Eye Hospital

Sydney Bush · UK Institute of CardioRetinometry

In my 53 years as a contact lens practitioner I often wondered this. The bandage lens for bullous keratopathy relieved pain. I oftten supplied it for ... [more]

In my 53 years as a contact lens practitioner I often wondered this. The bandage lens for bullous keratopathy relieved pain. I oftten supplied it for my Ophmlgst colleagues. Analgesia suggests a therapeutic value. Providing that anoxia is avoided as per use of high O2 permeable CW lens, I would try the bandage lens approach every time as long as the preservative in the guttae is not going to become sequestered and concentrated into the lens matrix. Does opposition and suppression of my vitamin C work damage my RG grade? Yes. No pharmacy beholden journal will publish e.g. in our field, that g. Sodium ascorbate is specific for pseudomonas aerouginosa karatitis/ulcer. Suppression makes my low RG grade a pharmaceutical smear so vote me up please if you think my answer worth reading. You have been prevented from learning about vitamin C. In the combined 1,744 pages of your very latest Guyton and Hall's Txt Bk of Med Physiology and your latest Dominiczak and Baynes textbook of Med Biochem Txt bk I can find not even THREE pages on Scurvy and vitamin C. MY TEXTBOOK 700 Vitamin C Secrets and 1,000 more etc has 443 pages on Vitamin C. So you have no chance in pharmacy beholden medical schools. I know. I was there! Best wishes,Sydney

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1 Where can I find the exact mathematic algorithm of IOL calculation formulae, like SRK/T, Hoffer Q and Holladay I?
By Baisheng Xu · Zhejiang University

Kenneth Hoffer · University of California, Los Angeles

They are in the published articles for each formula but they have errata which must be found as well.

They are in the published articles for each formula but they have errata which must be found as well.

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15 Why have pharmacology researchers and/or drug industries not succeeded in producing slow sustained release of bevacizumab and/or ranibizumab?
By Jagat Ram · Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research

Kristina Herbst · Glostrup Hospital

I understand your point of view. and thank you for your reply.

I understand your point of view. and thank you for your reply.

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7 Which is the best intraocular lens for young patient age (25-35) with unilateral cataract
By Jaidrath Kumar · Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research

Sunil Shah · Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust

no need. I normally place a +1.5D in dominant eye and +3D in non dominant eye

no need. I normally place a +1.5D in dominant eye and +3D in non dominant eye

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18 How to prevent hereditary diseases in a highly consanguineous population?
By Jagat Ram · Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research

John Fingert · University of Iowa

23 and me has some advantages - lots of data (like Wikipedia). At present 23 and me also has many disadvantages - much of the interpretation is incor... [more]

23 and me has some advantages - lots of data (like Wikipedia). At present 23 and me also has many disadvantages - much of the interpretation is incorrect (like Wikipedia) - no quality control like that used for diagnostic tests - no genetic counseling Those with significant experience in genetics might find the raw data useful. A large proportion of the 23 and me associations with disease are poorly supported by data and misleading. Beware!

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Open Clinical activity score vs rundall's grading in Graves Opthalmopathy - which is better?
Endocrine surgery source.

Endocrine surgery source.

By Senthil (Sanran) · Madras Medical College

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5 Dellen after pterygium surgery.
By Nelson Endara · hospital SAN VICENTE DE PAUL IBARRA

Seyed-Farzad Mohammadi · Tehran University of Medical Sciences

If there is an elevated conjunctival edge and a resistant dellen &/or continuing ocular discomfort, consider surgical excision of the neighboring conj... [more]

If there is an elevated conjunctival edge and a resistant dellen &/or continuing ocular discomfort, consider surgical excision of the neighboring conjunctiva.

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Open Can you estimate an average number of enucleations and evisceration procedures performed in the US annually? Perhaps n/100K?
IOW, how many eyes are removed per year? This number is very elusive in the literature; I am regarding orbital implants. Yes, I realize that not all p... [more]

IOW, how many eyes are removed per year? This number is very elusive in the literature; I am regarding orbital implants. Yes, I realize that not all patients receive implants, and that under 5% are exenterations.

By Craig Luce

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12 Treatment advances in Viral Keratitis ?
By Akshaya Srikanth B · University of Gondar

Md Anwar Hossain · Combined Mil Hospital,Dhaka, Bangladesh

Thanks Mr jose David Marin Jr. I fully agree with his management of adeno viral kerato conjunctivitis.

Thanks Mr jose David Marin Jr. I fully agree with his management of adeno viral kerato conjunctivitis.

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3 What is your surgically induced astigmatism after phacoemulsification?
By Neha Agarwal

Jagat Ram · Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research

My surgically induced astigmatism mean is 0.3Dcyl with 2.3mm phaco incision; however it may vary and highest may be up to 0.5Dcyl depending upon the i... [more]

My surgically induced astigmatism mean is 0.3Dcyl with 2.3mm phaco incision; however it may vary and highest may be up to 0.5Dcyl depending upon the incision size.

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3 Nearwork-induced transient myopia (NITM)
By Richard McCollim

Samuel Arba Mosquera · Independent Researcher

again, i have not positioned in favour or against retinal defocus as reason for myopia development. i only say it is nowadays a hypothesis, more than... [more]

again, i have not positioned in favour or against retinal defocus as reason for myopia development. i only say it is nowadays a hypothesis, more than a theory. When the lens accommodates, its radius of curvature is reduced (inducing a myopic shift) and its spherical aberration changes from negative to more negative (at least in young humans) (inducing more central myopia). Ocular defocus becomes negative, and ocular SphAb is also negative. Consequently, the retinal image is focused in the centre (because we are fixating at shorter vergences) and hyperopic defocused in the periphery. The progression of myopia could be controlled by the retinal image quality, but its triggering factors are not yet well known. best, sam

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4 What norm do you follow for occlusion therapy in children operated for unilateral cataract?
By Jagat Ram · Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research

Sergio Petroni · Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù

Thank you for your answers.

Thank you for your answers.

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3 Does anybody have an experience with ocular decompression post trabeculectomy?
By Riham Allam · Cairo University

Baswati Prasanth ·

Well I ve also had similar experience in one case of angle closure glaucoma who had to be optd same day with preop IOPs in 50s . I did Phaco trab but ... [more]

Well I ve also had similar experience in one case of angle closure glaucoma who had to be optd same day with preop IOPs in 50s . I did Phaco trab but fortunately there were no choroidals but only fundus h ges . Post op IOP was 12 mm Hg . I also noticed a reduction in the excavation of the optic disc and the h ges resolved over a period of time.

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16 Occupational Optometry
By phani krishna Athreya · Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University

phani krishna Athreya · Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University

Thankyou Very much for your Expert and kind opinions. I am Done with the Screening about 240 patients of a factory and will start with the further pro... [more]

Thankyou Very much for your Expert and kind opinions. I am Done with the Screening about 240 patients of a factory and will start with the further procedures soon. Hope your Kind support will be continued With Thanks, Phani Krishna

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4 What is the mechanism of macular hole formation after photoreceptor outer segment toxicity?
By Jaume Català · Hospital Sant Joan de Déu

J Carlos Pastor · Universidad de Valladolid

there are several possible mechanisms implicaed in macular hole formation. In case of photoreceptor toxicity it is difficult to implicate the tangenti... [more]

there are several possible mechanisms implicaed in macular hole formation. In case of photoreceptor toxicity it is difficult to implicate the tangential and antero-posterior traction. Desinsertion of the glial plug of the fovea could be cause by neurons necrosis or apoptosis.

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3 Genotypes of Toxoplasma Gondii Strains in ocular fluids
By Christelle Domngang Noche · University of Montagnes

Jacqueline Katina · Federal University of Minas Gerais

In my research, 21 years ago, we found IgA antibodies( toxoplasma), in serum and acqueous samples, with some correlation with reactivation of ocular t... [more]

In my research, 21 years ago, we found IgA antibodies( toxoplasma), in serum and acqueous samples, with some correlation with reactivation of ocular toxoplasmosis

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1 What is new in ophthalmic regional anesthesia ?
By Ashraf Ghali · Magrabi Hospitals

Lana Pelaes · Universidade Federal do Pará

Topic Proximetacaína 0,5%

Topic Proximetacaína 0,5%

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1 Ocular insert
By Anu Radha S · Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy

Helene Brazhalovitch · Penza State Technical University

http://www.asiapharmaceutics.info/article.asp?issn=0973-8398;year=2008;volume=2;issue=4;spage=192;epage=200;aulast=Karthikeyan

http://www.asiapharmaceutics.info/article.asp?issn=0973-8398;year=2008;volume=2;issue=4;spage=192;epage=200;aulast=Karthikeyan

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Open What can be "fixed" through retina implants?

By Daniel Polterauer · University of Technology Munich

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8 Corneal cross linkage,follow up plan after treatment.
By Asad Dar · Army Medical College

Farhad Hafezi · University of Geneva

Asad. I am performing CXL since 2001. Typically, I apply ofloxacin ointment every 2 hours and a lot of it at night. I see my patients daily until comp... [more]

Asad. I am performing CXL since 2001. Typically, I apply ofloxacin ointment every 2 hours and a lot of it at night. I see my patients daily until complete closure of the epithelium. 48 hours after closure, I start applying fluorometholone drops twice daily, for approx. 4 weeks. Please never use topical NSAR, I have seen some nasty cases of corneal melting that were referred to me, the last one 2 weeks ago. There is literature on this. In adults, I always document progression prior to treatment, in children not. I have presented my data in children at the last ESCRS and the progression rate in children is 88%. Best regards, Farhad Hafezi

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1 How does acetaminophen (paracetamol) affect intraocular pressure?
By Ivie Idada · University of Benin

Samuel Kyei · University of Cape Coast

The possible means by which acetaminophen may affect introcular pressure could result from it effect on PGHS and subsequent production of prostaglandi... [more]

The possible means by which acetaminophen may affect introcular pressure could result from it effect on PGHS and subsequent production of prostaglandins. Though a predictive assesstion further reseach may be needed.

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2 How many known damage way of diabetes affecting Optic Nerve can we expect?
By Saeid Shoul · Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science

Md Anwar Hossain · Combined Mil Hospital,Dhaka, Bangladesh

How diabetic papillopathy differ from diabetic AION?

How diabetic papillopathy differ from diabetic AION?

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