Neurophysiology and Neuromics

I had the same problem with growing the cells to confluency. The secret is in the media, the SH-SY5Y cells will grow very rapidly in Opti-MEM made by Invitrogen. The drawback is that it is much more expensive than the regular MEM or F12 or whatever other media that is recommended by ATCC. The OPTI-MEM contains a proprietary blend and your cells will definitely be ready for sub-culture within a week.

In my experience, the cheapest experiments in electrophysiology can be performed with extracellular field recording. only nees stereoscopic mycroscope, micromanipulatror (I.E. MM3, Narishige) and an AC amplifier (p511, Grass Inst). Recording chamber for brain slices are inexpensive. For student I suggest hypocampus CA3-CA1 synapses

Dear all The paper J Neurosci. 2010 Oct 20;30(42):14273-83 assumes that D1 operates is low affinity state and that D2 operates in a high affinity state. The other paper addres signals in prefrontal cortex where their roles seem to be the opposite. (But I haven't worked in Prefrontal Ctx, so I dont know the literature there very well.) The assumption of D2 high and D1 low in striatum is in agreement with Bertran-Gonzales, J. Neuroscience, May 28, 2008 • 28(22):5671–5685. and seems to be the consensus for DA receptors in nucleus accumbens and striatum (for example D1 but not D2 receptors are strongly activated by cocaine). But, to my knowledge, the smoking gun is missing. I have not found a direct measurement linking the high affinity state to be only the biologically relevant state: in in vitro studies mostly indicate both high and low affinity states of both D1 and D2. In the model in J Neurosci 2010, post synaptic receptors are only described by their affinity, so results described as 'D2' will also apply for 'Low affinity state D2'. And vice versa: results described for 'D1' may also apply to 'D2 high'. (In my later paper, JK Dreyer, J. Neurophys, 2013: I just write High or low affinity receptors instead...) So in conclusion: Be careful! The role of D1 and D2 may depend on the brain region you look. And keep an open mind! Most of what we know about the roles of D1 and D2 receptors is interpretations based on pharmacology, drug abuse, and Parkinsons disease which may not reflect the 'natural' signaling of the receptors very well. good luck, Jakob Kisbye Dreyer, Copenhagen

Check out this review : Fetal Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): A Tool for a Better Understanding of Normal and Abnormal Brain Development. Journal of Child Neurology 05/2013. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236631177_Fetal_Magnetic_Resonance_Imaging_(MRI)_A_Tool_for_a_Better_Understanding_of_Normal_and_Abnormal_Brain_Development?ev=prf_pub

Thanks Lesli Sir, for such an informative posts and mentioning articles and keywords. There is a drug recently launched to enhance the capabilities of the brain and increase the activating creative and logical part of brain together so that the person can make better and innovative decisions. Featured in Digit Magazine, May2013 addition. They have also talked about Military application along with Cons of these types of drugs

Hi Jonathan... L-glutamine.

You might find this useful: http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130418100110.htm

Dr Jing Xiang; Thank you very much for the clarification. I am not at the EEG lab at the moment. However when I have some spare time I will try to see if the MEG Processor can read my EEG files. If it can't I will contact you again.

Thank you for your response,

Hii Ravi, we performed immunocytochemistry on primary neuronal cells and primary glial cells instead of cell lines for the quantification of amyloid load. I am not sure about thioflavin staining, coz we are using amyloid beta-42 antibody for immunocyto staining. For quantification of amyloid load, we measured respective fluorescence by ImageJ software which is a free software.

Dear Guglielmo, Thank you very much for the references. They will be very useful! Very best regards Eleftherios S. Papathanasiou, PhD Clinical Neurophysiologist, Nicosia, Cyprus

Wow Dr. O von Bohlen!Is that really you? Nice to contact with you! I've read some of your articles.They really helped me. Actually I've measured them by 2 softwares, DinoCapture & ImageTool.I want to be sure about their sizes.I'll try atlas of Paxinos. Thanks for your guidance Sincerely yours

Thank you for your intelligent response,Gabriel. Let me clarify that the MRI and initial presentation was seven years ago, and there was such significant improvement after implementation of the iron lung for a couple years and given the natural hx of disc absorption, the hx was consistent with this problem being resollved and ongoing and recurring problems due to iatrogenic damage from pressure from the turtle shell cuirass- the only system available or utilizable for several different reasons patient related and system related, and due to the newer onset brachial neuritis. I am not sure therefore that it is the same picture of an acute HNP like your patients present with. The big issue now is the enormous sensitivity to sound and conversation and the unfortunate increase in both in her milieu because of recent death of elder parentleading to the spouse moving in who is unable to control or limit her speech or use sign languate for communication. Also I am going to review the initial MRI to check if it was a hermiation or bulge but what I do recall is that the reading of impingement of the cord at c5-c6 was consistent clinically with exam and presentation. So given this, and given the patient's sensitivity to sound and breathing under duress, influenced by other medical disorders, there is need to miniimze travel and procedures and such interactions, so I am not sure I would recommend a repeat MRI at this time. I thnk the take home message from your comments might be that the patient needs a firmer mattress or a better bed wedge and to consider sleeping with a good cervical collar and gentle neck stretches.If you have sources that sell good wedges you recommed from an allergen free environment I would apprecuate it as she recently bought a new collar and cant use it because it was scented from the pharmacy counter softeners etc to which she is severely allergic. I will look into TNF and similar biochemical alterations that you comment upon and see if that generates any addtional practical modalities for treatment. I would be interested if you can be more detailed or specific in the cervical-thoracic stabilization exercises, since the a fib is aborted by mechanical expansion of the opposite lung which requires leaning to left which then puts presssure on left shoulder to trigger the same rsi. Please, in addition, let me know if you have seen this sound sensitivity among patients with phrenic nerve palsies of any degree and where i can get documentation of this to perhaps help her family members understand the need for respecting avoidance of sound as much as possible. I am most grateful for your thoughtful considered assistance and your kind words on a case that can be exhausting re looking for treatments but we have come so far and i wish to provide hope and not to have the injury progress after all these years.

In stroke imaging,first thing is what imaging we are reffering at( CT or MR)?second is (,when after stroke ),the imaging was done as the changes refelected are based on pathophysiological changes.On the other hand ,it is also not unsual to find clinically silent lesion on imaging as referred by others also.we need probably more sensitive technique to assess the microcellular damage .

after perserving your brain, one way to observe DA cells in the SNpc is section the area (check with an atlas--Paxinos and Watson is excellent), then stain for the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase. DA cells will stain a deep tan color. good luck!

I have similar experience of dog bite and subsequent fear of dogs.