Question:
New
Need of fMRI and DTI Data
I need data of fMRI(BOLD) and DTI for my research work, can anyone suggest me few links to download that kind of data ?
Please help me to continue m...
[more]
I need data of fMRI(BOLD) and DTI for my research work, can anyone suggest me few links to download that kind of data ?
Please help me to continue my learning.
By Kundan Verma
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Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University
Question:
New
Is there any simulation software in the field of neuroenergetics?
For simulation of brain energy metabolism
For simulation of brain energy metabolism
By Subrata Sinha
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Dibrugarh University
Question:
New
Has anyone else encountered problems (including safety problems) with Amrex electrodes for tDCS?
Quite a few published researchers are using Amrex branded sponge electrodes with banana jack connections for 1x1 low resolution tDCS. We have attempt...
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Quite a few published researchers are using Amrex branded sponge electrodes with banana jack connections for 1x1 low resolution tDCS. We have attempted to use them & have encountered several problems including one serious safety problem.
The electrode in question is a 3" by 3" square non-conductive rubber frame containing conductive wire mesh overlaid with a removable coarse kitchen-type sponge that protrudes out of a 2" by 2" aperture when soaked in saline. The rubber frame is stiff & does not conform well to the curvature of the cranium, especially with smaller subjects. This in turn results in difficulty placing it accurately & reproducibly & also in making good & uniform electrical contact. Though the maximum contact area of the sponge on the scalp is ideally 4 in² (25 cm²), in practice it is considerably less & variable with only a central area of contact which can be approximated as a circular disc inscribed within the 2" by 2" square aperture. This leads in turn to the most serious problem:
Injected current levels up to 2.0 mA are routine in tDCS research. The research community generally accepts a current density limit of .08 mA/cm² for the safety of the subject's skin in contact with the electrode & also to minimize potential damage to the underlying brain tissue. Even if the 2" by 2" sponge made perfect contact with the skin, at the 2.0 mA injected current level the current density limit is reached, exactly, as bulk current density = current / cross-sectional contact area = 2.0 mA / 25 cm² = .08 mA/cm². But these electrodes do not make perfect contact even when the they are secured tightly because of the rigid frames enclosing the sponges. So the contact area is rather less, resulting in the denominator being smaller and the current density necessarily exceeding the safety limit. Even at somewhat lower levels of injected current, taking the variable contact area of the sponges into account, the current density could easily exceed the safety limit. Furthermore, this is a very coarse bulk analysis. Taking nonhomogeneity, edge & corner effects into account, local areas of unacceptably high current density are unavoidable & can be demonstrated convincibly with a more sophisticated analysis (one using finite element methods for example).
Yet another practical problem with these electrodes is they have a strong & pungent odor which research subjects find objectionable, penetrates their hair & endures on the electrodes even after successive washings. If one electrode is placed supraorbitally, as is a common position in tDCS, the obnoxious smell in close proximity to the subject's nose even has the potential to affect the outcome of the experiment because it induces stress & stress-related neurological activity that has the potential to confound results.
By Mischa Rinder
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Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Question:
New
C-Fibres - Are sympathetic, grey rami communicantes & non-sympathetic pain "C-fibres" all morphologically alike?
Sympathetic c-fibres are assumed to have been derived from early unmyelinated neural systems. Where in the development of the mammalian nervous system...
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Sympathetic c-fibres are assumed to have been derived from early unmyelinated neural systems. Where in the development of the mammalian nervous system did non-sympathetic "C-Fibres" develop and are they morphologically & functionally distinct?
By Eric Wilson
·
MDC Pain Clinics
Question:
Open
Is the arcuate fasciculus evidence for AGMC?
The arcuate fasciculus is a fibrous tract in the white matter of the brain that connects the frontal lobes with areas in the Angular Gyrus, and Tempor...
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The arcuate fasciculus is a fibrous tract in the white matter of the brain that connects the frontal lobes with areas in the Angular Gyrus, and Temporal Lobe. It is assumed to be involved in speech. It may also allow communication between the Meta-Cognitive areas in the prefrontal cortex, and the consciousness center in the Angular Gyrus. If so it might support the Angular Gyrus Model of Consciousness (AGMC).
Question:
Open
neurons on Aclar sheets
I want to grow neurons on Aclar sheets. I know that we can grow cells but for neuronal cells there is a specific protocol. Can any body give me sugges...
[more]
I want to grow neurons on Aclar sheets. I know that we can grow cells but for neuronal cells there is a specific protocol. Can any body give me suggestion for coating the aclar sheets before seeding neurons? or how to grow neurons on Aclar sheet? I would be best if one has already an experience with it but all suggestions are very much required.
By Sneha Pant
·
University of Warsaw
Question:
Open
How is body integrity identity formed?
Sensory information from our limbs (touch and proprioception) reaches somatosensory I cortex (SI) by making two synapses (one at cuneate nucleus (medu...
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Sensory information from our limbs (touch and proprioception) reaches somatosensory I cortex (SI) by making two synapses (one at cuneate nucleus (medula) and one at VPN of thalamus). I wonder how this information is used to build a body integrity identity. What are the other pathways between SI, SII and other cortical regions that have role in body integrity identity?
I want to note that I found lots of cognitive studies, but I mostly wonder about the basic physiology of body integrity identiy.
By İsmail Devecioğlu
·
Bogazici University
Question:
Open
NR1s1s2,NR2As1s2 Ligand Binding domains of the NMDA receptor
May somebody provide my point me to a source of the expression plasmids of these two protein constructs:
human/rat/mouse NR1s1s2 and Nr2As1s2
Thank...
[more]
May somebody provide my point me to a source of the expression plasmids of these two protein constructs:
human/rat/mouse NR1s1s2 and Nr2As1s2
Thanks
By Mario Bianchet
·
Johns Hopkins Medicine