Climate change is a significant and lasting change in the statistical distribution of weather patterns over periods ranging from decades to millions of years. It may be a change in average weather conditions or the distribution of events around that average (e.g., more or fewer extreme weather events). Climate change may be limited to a specific region or may occur across the whole Earth.

• Alfredo Narciso Gonzalez

  What would be the climate change effects on the amazonian rainforest?

  Savannas are likely to develop and change some other aspects of amazonian rainforest in this part of the planet. please if they would like more information about it.

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    Alexandre Lacerda replied

    The AR4 is a good starting point, followed by a more detailed look at the papers it cites. They mention a savannah would be more resilient to stresses like droughts, so the forest would "probably" beThe AR4 is a good starting point, followed by a more detailed look at the papers it cites. They mention a savannah would be more resilient to stresses like droughts, so the forest would "probably" be replaced by such an ecosystem. This is the relevant chapter: http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg2/en/ch13s13-4.html#13-4-1 Concerning precipitation, models still disagree as to what could be the end result. Some suggest more rain, others suggest less. The intense droughts of the last decade may suggest the latter would be the case. A somewhat outdated paper (2006), but still interesting, is this: Marengo, Jose Antonio. On the Hydrological Cycle of the Amazon Basin: A historical review and current State-of-the-art. Revista Brasileira de Meteorologia. 2006 http://www.rbmet.org.br/port/revista/revista_artigo.php?id_artigo=202 It suggests an El Niño-like condition made permanent, with stronger equatorial winds bringing rain from the Amazon basin to be poured down South, at the La Plata basin.

    2 hours ago
• Erick Raúl Baqueiro Cárdenas

  Is the increasing human population the cause of climate change and poverty?

  For every human being to reach a development level of a low class American, the world would have to provide over five times its actual resources. Not even with alternative energy the demand could beFor every human being to reach a development level of a low class American, the world would have to provide over five times its actual resources. Not even with alternative energy the demand could be met. And all "virgin" ecosystems would have to be converted to productive land.

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    Norman Free replied

    Mohammad. Whatever the concept of God is, God does not pick or chose who lives or dies in any concept of the survival of the fittest. It has always been a test to see if that life form will reachMohammad. Whatever the concept of God is, God does not pick or chose who lives or dies in any concept of the survival of the fittest. It has always been a test to see if that life form will reach the next level and order of intelligence in that natural order of things. Again, it does not matter what the true, proof or facts are; people are going to come up with every excuse you can think imaginable to turn it into something that it is not. It appears that proof and facts are not truth, Would that define reality? It is so sad that if you drop a rock and it falls to the ground because of gravity; how much more empirical fact do people need? Yet there are millions who insist of a mythological Harry Potter explanation for it. Natural history has also proven over and over again that there has not been one race, culture, person, or nation saved by ANY religious or monetary gain system since the beginning of time. Are humans intelligent enough to find balance on this planet without greed, war, death and destruction where it serves only a choice few? So far. NOT! It does not matter if it is human nature or human behavior. You are not born that way. It is created by lack of knowledge and influence. Wisdom will always be the intelligent choices you make in life based upon the Freewill as to how you use that knowledge for good or evil. Fate and destiny is 100% controlled by emotions. This is a probability just like timelines are. Natural processes are probabilities also. Any person who bows down to a religious concept in fear because they have been brainwashed into thinking if they don’t comply with that religious concept they will have eternal death, then that means everything is predetermined and there is no such thing as fate and density or Freewill or free thinking. Yes, there are only secrets to lower intelligent life forms and slaves and you can be a slave in physical form just as easy as nonphysical form and the ultimate form of slavery is to enslave those who do not realize they are slaves. So you have to ask what purpose does it serve to have all memory blocked at birth from your previous existence? Your children are supposed to be smarter than we are. If they are not then there is no such thing as progress. Progress is not defined as consuming, developing, destroying or over populating the planet. It is defined as reaching the next level and order of intelligence. Technology is not the problem. People are the problem. So again the human race will be put in remission and kept Malevolent. Stripped of knowledge and resort back to living in a tent. Only the meek and stupid will inherit the Earth, because they are too dangerous to go anywhere else. Did you know that the Mayan Calendar and the Sphinx in Egypt mean the same thing? It is a 26,000 year cycle where our solar system makes one complete past through all the constellations. The Sphinx having the head of a woman and the body of a Lion, meaning that it starts in Virgo and ends up in Leo. 26,000 year ago is when a new time period started when Neanderthal disappeared and Cro-Magnon survived. Cro-Magnon was far superior in intelligence and was able to change and adapt to Earth Shifts during that ice age. It will happen again. Old humans will be replaced by new humans. That is why there is a big push for the Human Genome Project. They are going to change your DNA one way or another whether you like it or not. This includes climate shift DNA projects and GMO research, and increased atmospheric radiation. It does not matter if it is true history or knowledge that was lost, stolen, destroyed, or made forbidden. The lack of knowledge seriously jeopardizes your physical and spiritual progress and there would not even be a close second debate there. I do not give a damn what the prophecy or prediction is by any race, person, culture, religion or time period is. If knowledge had not been restricted from the beginning of time we would have had the intelligence to either prevent it or correct it. It is all crap and not one person can prove different! People have totally lost all memory of their purpose and connections to the Earth and Universe. This is why they do not under any circumstance want you to know what is truly out there or they will lose their control over you. It will be a pleasure to see our first contact with a intelligent life form from another world. It would get rid of the worthless religion that has kept the human race far, far over 200 years behind in technological advancement and over 6,000 years behind in spiritual progress because they are still stuck in that same primitive biblical mindset that destroyed the Neanderthals. You have millions of people who slaughter and create war all in the name of religion and even burn people for witchcraft today. So how easy would it be for millions of stupid people to bow down to an advance life form that is not only 1,000 times more intelligent, but 1,000 times more spiritually advanced thinking it was the return of Christ or Mohammad? How many times in natural history has this happened? More than I can count!!!!! I will challenge anyone to prove to me if they are channeling with ET forms or Angelic forms. They cannot do it!!!!! LOL, LOL! Any physiological testing performed by societies will ask if you hear voices from God. If you answer yes, then you are locked up in the loony farm forever, yet you have millions and millions of really stupid people who follow people claiming this. All religions are 100% man-made. Corporate industry is caught between a rock and hard spot. How do you release technology so advance that it makes Star Trek look like a horse and buggy ride and explains your true origins? You can’t do it because they would lose their control and there are too many people trapped in political, social and religious boxes not worthy of that knowledge.

    17 hours ago
• Sarah Martin Solano

  Zoonotic diseases

  What are the measurable effects of climate change on zoonotic diseases?

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    Mauricio Godoy replied

    A measurable increase in the number leptospirosis outbreaks after floodings in the last 6 years in centro américa, the caribean and some south american countries as Brazil and Ecuador can beA measurable increase in the number leptospirosis outbreaks after floodings in the last 6 years in centro américa, the caribean and some south american countries as Brazil and Ecuador can be quantified. In my opinion although complex and heterogenous, a general increasing effect on outbreaks and incidence can be measured in several zoonotic diseases, specially in developing countries, who lack of the adecuate infraestructure and technology and those who are growing fast and without organization. for example the increase in temperatures are causing the migration of animals, vectors and pathogens, for example ticks to higher areas.

    2 days ago
• Liese Coulter

  Does anyone have a good analogy to explain the idea of adapting to climate change to the research community and decision makers?

  Most people in Australia seem to understand climate change as an energy and carbon issue and few are aware of the likely impacts from the climate actually changing over the next one to five decades.Most people in Australia seem to understand climate change as an energy and carbon issue and few are aware of the likely impacts from the climate actually changing over the next one to five decades. Can anyone point me to examples where the shift in climate has been well explained through images, analogies or narritives?

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    P B Vekariya, Asstt. Prof. replied

    we are working on NICRA project (National initiative on climate resilience agriculture) sanctioned by Government , in which we are doing work on water harvesting engineering, how design ofwe are working on NICRA project (National initiative on climate resilience agriculture) sanctioned by Government , in which we are doing work on water harvesting engineering, how design of structures changes under climatic variability, basin wise impact of climate. also variability of climatic parameters spatially ans temporal and many others. I have attached interesting graph of rainfall variability-- defiantly which make you think for new design of structures under its variation. For the analysis of climatic variability Mancandal theory is useful.

    rainfal.doc

    3 days ago
• J.Veni Madhavi

  Biologists, Botanists and Naturalists should take the prime position in designing the gardens all around the world.

  Right now Architects and Civil Engineers are designing the gardens in the first place and ending up with green floors, green walls, green geometrical shapes and expect them to be like that allRight now Architects and Civil Engineers are designing the gardens in the first place and ending up with green floors, green walls, green geometrical shapes and expect them to be like that all through the plants life. These describe lifeless buildings. Let the plants grow, bloom and fruit to their fullest. "Let a Nature Lover design the gardens, Change the Key Positions - The climate will TRANSFORM automatically".

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    J.Veni Madhavi replied

    Even I tried to enroll in Landscape Architecture course and was shocked to know that we r not eligible for it directly!!!! Then later discovered that all over the globe its running on the sameEven I tried to enroll in Landscape Architecture course and was shocked to know that we r not eligible for it directly!!!! Then later discovered that all over the globe its running on the same principle. What ever r the technical issues, it is completely destroying the life, spirit and soul of the gardens every where. Our ancestors r not engineers or architects, who thrived healthily and happily among the 'FLOURISHING FORESTS'. What we see today r not gardens but 'Torture Camps and Hell' - sorry for using such a harsh words, but thats what is happening. The plants were neither allowed to grow bloom n flourish nor permitted to die. They have to just live - Brain Dead......... ( I mean all these for the extensively pruned plants all through the year) Their whole life they end up like a wall or some stupid geometrical shape, which is no where close to a definition of a living being????? I wish people realize this grave sequences and make crucial changes to the existing system!!!!!

    4 days ago
• Kaveh - Shirazi

  How can sun influences in earth's climate?

  Which parameter is more important?

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    Werner H. Terjung replied

    Well, good luck with your metaphysics. Try to show some kind of observational correlation with your theory. So others can replicate your results. Cheers, Werner

    5 days ago
• Sachchidanand Swami

  How to slow down the process of climate change through public awareness and action?

  This is quite tricky question to answer because we talk more but do less. Also, mass population is more concerned about occupation - daily issues and not environment that determines our destiny.

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    David Baguma replied

    Public awareness- yes! given the many languages worldwide, focused messages (on climate change mitigation) on local media (newspapers,or local radios or text messages for mobile phones) couldPublic awareness- yes! given the many languages worldwide, focused messages (on climate change mitigation) on local media (newspapers,or local radios or text messages for mobile phones) could possibly make the public much aware and act. And if several suggestions are presented at least one or two could be adopted. By the way, a country like Uganda was partially able to reduce HIV/ AIDs using public awareness among others measures from 30% to less than 10%. If such a measure could be adopted for climate change- I suppose a slight influence on the currently trends could be significant in the long run. Some how, some where emphasis on public awareness / literacy should be put .

    17 days ago
• Yamini navya sree Mandalapu

  What is future of Earth, is it "hot age" or "ice age"?

  In recent years temperature of earth has been increasing, does that indicate an impending ice age? As the climate follows a series of changes from a hot age to an ice age and later hot age. If soIn recent years temperature of earth has been increasing, does that indicate an impending ice age? As the climate follows a series of changes from a hot age to an ice age and later hot age. If so how can it be proved that our planet follows an order of change?

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    Harish Chandra replied

    I think, the only star which affects the change in earths climate is our Sun to which our earth belongs as on of the planet of the solar system. Any star changing to supernuova in near future is notI think, the only star which affects the change in earths climate is our Sun to which our earth belongs as on of the planet of the solar system. Any star changing to supernuova in near future is not close, in any way, to our sun and its so lar structure. Therefore, the question of change in earth.s climate may be title for paper writing but has nothing to do with actual source for any visible influence on the earth's climate.

    18 days ago
• Ram Lakhan Ram

  Effect of climate change on Indian agriculture in context of crop yield and soil health

  Can anyone recommend publications in this area?
• Salme Timmusk

  'Water, not oil as generally believed, has become the limiting resource in the world’s socio-economic development under climate change'

  I would like to ask your opinion on this statement. Is this true? Do you have any good references?

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    Mohammad Firoz Khan replied

    Dear Molly, Perhaps you are not aware of water conflict between Saudi Arabia and Dubai which is some time ago resolved. This was tranboundary aquifer between Saudi Arabia and Dubai. Same is the caseDear Molly, Perhaps you are not aware of water conflict between Saudi Arabia and Dubai which is some time ago resolved. This was tranboundary aquifer between Saudi Arabia and Dubai. Same is the case of transboundary surface and groundwater in Iraq.

    20 days ago
• Ivan Arismendi

  Http://www.gazettetimes.com/news/local/osu-study-streams-may-not-reflect-warming-climate/article_202b8554-9468-11e1-bf25-001a4bcf887a.html
• Ram Lakhan Ram

  Effect of climate change on soil health and mulberry cultivation in Sub- Himalayan region in North Eastern India

  1. Kindly suggest the effect of climate change on soil health in relation to microbial population, physico-chemical properties and its severe effect on mulberry cultivation in Sub- Himalayan region1. Kindly suggest the effect of climate change on soil health in relation to microbial population, physico-chemical properties and its severe effect on mulberry cultivation in Sub- Himalayan region in North Eastern India. 2. Carbon sequestration
• Tapio Ala-Nissila

  Is it misleading to report the average temperature of Earth?

  The change in the average temperature of Earth is often used in the climate change discussions. However, temperature is an intensive thermodynamic variable, and thus it should not be averaged overThe change in the average temperature of Earth is often used in the climate change discussions. However, temperature is an intensive thermodynamic variable, and thus it should not be averaged over local measurements on Earth's surface (only averages of extensive variables are well-defined). Has this been properly accounted for?

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    Andreas Schmittner replied

    It is not the average temperature of Earth that is reported but the average air temperature near the surface (2 m) of the Earth. This is a useful quantity because we live there. In terms of energyIt is not the average temperature of Earth that is reported but the average air temperature near the surface (2 m) of the Earth. This is a useful quantity because we live there. In terms of energy budget a much more useful quantity is the average temperature (or heat content) of the ocean. The ocean absorbs the vast majority of heat.

    Apr 23, 2012
• Keghah ROGER NUAH

  impact of climate change on cameroon agriculture

  Planting seasons in Cameroon have shifted,There is the challenge of desertification and heat that will affect food production.what alternative measures can we put in place to rescue CameroonianPlanting seasons in Cameroon have shifted,There is the challenge of desertification and heat that will affect food production.what alternative measures can we put in place to rescue Cameroonian farmers

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    Abi Henry Nibam replied

    Its time to start researching on possible usage of adaptive resilience seeds

    Apr 23, 2012
• Bagher Ghermezcheshmeh

  Can anyone recommend how to calculate uncertainty of statistical downscaling?

  Can anyone suggest a software that calculates Monte Carlo uncertainty? In stage of AOGCM statistical downscaling there is uncertainty - understanding of this uncertainty is very important inCan anyone suggest a software that calculates Monte Carlo uncertainty? In stage of AOGCM statistical downscaling there is uncertainty - understanding of this uncertainty is very important in assessment of impact of climate change in water resources.

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    Bagher Ghermezcheshmeh replied

    Dear Heron silva, thanks you for your guides, do you have CrystalBall macro or software, How can download it?

    Apr 22, 2012