Attention

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New How to integrate mindfulness into third level institutes and ways to measure performance increases.
I am applying for post graduate research and I was thinking about teaching mindfulness to undergraduates and measuring academic performance between gr... [more]

I am applying for post graduate research and I was thinking about teaching mindfulness to undergraduates and measuring academic performance between groups. Can anyone offer suggestions for the methodology?

By Martin Walsh · Institiuid Ealaíne, Deartha & Teicneolaíochta Dhún Laoghaire

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5 Can you recommend books on attention (including the historical overviews)?
By Jakub Matyja · University of Huddersfield

Jakub Matyja · University of Huddersfield

Dear James, thank you for your response - which Payne's textbook do you recommend? What's the name of the author / title? Thanks!

Dear James, thank you for your response - which Payne's textbook do you recommend? What's the name of the author / title? Thanks!

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4 Do you believe there is an organ responsible for time experience?
By Matthew Pageau · Worcester State University

Adriana sa · Goldsmiths, University of London

"Elasticity" of time experience - Susie Vrobel, "Fractal Time" Memory processes - Bob Snyder, Music and Memory

"Elasticity" of time experience - Susie Vrobel, "Fractal Time" Memory processes - Bob Snyder, Music and Memory

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3 What are the distinct abilities for each of the front right and the front left lobes of the brain concerning attention and perception?
By Mai Saleh · National Research Center, Egypt

Arpit Tiwari · University of Allahabad

you're welcome Mai Saleh....... you mean to say is there such distributed or lateralized scheme for VAK? there are varying degrees of lateralization a... [more]

you're welcome Mai Saleh....... you mean to say is there such distributed or lateralized scheme for VAK? there are varying degrees of lateralization and distribution for them....... for example. left FEF responds to information from right eye and vice-versa. the wiring is such. but what you see and process are composed of different tings- e.g. you see somebody swinging a bat... the scene is composed of few categories 1. object related- shape, size, color and the semantics. 2. the action, the exact motion etc. so semantics, perceptual and motion areas of brain come into play. these are distributed all over brain. fMRI researches reveal the exact activations. similar for auditory..... activates imagery which also calls in different visual, perceptual and other areas. such strong evidences have more than lifted the distributed scene on the forefront. there are lateralizations but they are as rigid as thought earlier. a big thanks to newer technologies.

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Question:
Open Is the Basal-Fronto arousal network connected to the S synapse?
Recent work on the Reticular Formation has suggested that it makes up a number of Arousal networks, that work together to make up part of the attentio... [more]

Recent work on the Reticular Formation has suggested that it makes up a number of Arousal networks, that work together to make up part of the attention system. Of interest to me is the Basal Frontal arousal network which seems to be a serotonin based channel that is driven by a link from the reticular formation. From earlier attempts to understand attention, I have suggested an arousal link to the S synapse as part of delay memory. I therefore wonder if the basal-frontal arousal network is this link and terminates at the S synapse of memory neurons.

By Graeme Smith ·

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31 Estimates of quantified human sensory system throughput
By Helgi Helgason · Reykjavik University

Richard Epworth · Goforich

The performance limits of the human eye itself is estimated to be somewhere around 6 Megabits per second, taking into consideration the actual measure... [more]

The performance limits of the human eye itself is estimated to be somewhere around 6 Megabits per second, taking into consideration the actual measured resolution and speed of response of the eye. In The Oxford Companion to the Mind ISBN: 0198662246, Robert Ditchburn describes the reasoning as follows: “Accurate data is available only for the central region of the retina (a circle whose diameter is 2 degrees in the visual field) and the total information capacity of the visual system is about ten times that of this central circle, the fovea. The number of points that can be resolved within this central circle is about 10^4 (i.e. 10,000 pixels). When the eye is working near the limit of resolution, contrast discrimination is poor and at the limit of resolution, a person can distinguish black from white but not discriminate any intermediate shades of grey, therefore he associated just one bit of information with each of the resolved points. For the central region the highest rate that flicker can be observed is about 50 cycles per second, so that the information capacity is 50 × 10^4 = 500 kbits per second”. Measurements of contrast sensitivity with coarser sinusoidal patterns with various shades of grey gave almost identical results.“Perception of structure in flashes and in afterimages”, (Ditchburn, R. W., and Drysdale, A. E., Volume 13, Issue 12, December 1973, Pages 2423–2433,“Information capacity of the human eye”, Jacobson, H., Science 113, 292–293 (1951)). Neither of these estimates includes colour information, but it is estimated that the additional information due to colour is no more than about 20 per cent, making 600 kbits per second in all for the central region. Given the estimate that the total information capacity of the visual system is about ten times that of this central circle, the fovea, this gives a total figure (per eye of around) 6 Mbits per second. The raw capacity of the ear is considerably less. The rate that we can learn anything new through our senses is much less, ~20 bits per second.

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5 What are some methods for obtaining values of luminance, contrast, and spatial frequency for picture stimuli?
By James Champion · Bond University

Alex Coningham · Australian National University

I suppose you could convert your images to grayscale and report the average luminance? Though with natural images that statistic is probably useless. ... [more]

I suppose you could convert your images to grayscale and report the average luminance? Though with natural images that statistic is probably useless. Perhaps you could fit the histogram of luminance values to a particular distribution, then use the parameters of that distribution to make future comparisons?

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9 Does anybody use PsychoPy 2.0 to build complex experiments (e.g. Attentional Network Test)?
By Alfredo Spagna · Sapienza University of Rome

Matthew Wall · University College London

Hi Alfredo, Should be very easy to append new data to the bottom of an Excel file - see here: http://www.psychopy.org/api/data.html#psychopy.data.Tr... [more]

Hi Alfredo, Should be very easy to append new data to the bottom of an Excel file - see here: http://www.psychopy.org/api/data.html#psychopy.data.TrialHandler.saveAsExcel Seems like adding 'appendFile=True' to the saveAsExcel function in the coder view should do what you want. M.

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14 Based on your experience regarding attention and memory rehabilitation in MCI patients, what programs, PC software and devices do you recommend?
By Fereshteh Sedaghat · Aristotle University of Thessaloniki

Kate Lindemann · Mount Saint Mary College

There is research to show that using the kirtan chant in the link below reversed mild cognitive impairment. [and so slowed Alzheimers that it appeared... [more]

There is research to show that using the kirtan chant in the link below reversed mild cognitive impairment. [and so slowed Alzheimers that it appeared stopped. The study ended before they could find out if it wold begin to revers Alz decline. This neurologist is a Sheik and so wears a turban. His book Brain Longevity has helped several of my acquaintances who have MCI. Review of Brain Longevity http://www.anti-aging-articles.com/Brain-Longevity.html Youtube video of the Kirtan Chant (his alz organization sells a CD of just the chant which takes 12 min and should be used 1 or 2 times a day] http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nqOq4v0cD9w Hope this is of use. Kate

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10 Why might there be gender differences in attention to different typefaces?
By Bruce Mehler · Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Damian Kelty-Stephen · Harvard University

Good point, Bruce. Still, asymmetric gender effects may arise quite simply from asymmetric priming over the course of development. Exposure does not... [more]

Good point, Bruce. Still, asymmetric gender effects may arise quite simply from asymmetric priming over the course of development. Exposure does not apply equally to both genders for a variety of media products. I suppose I'm a little skeptical of gender effects in general as, in a wide catalog of published gender differences, further research often show that experiential effects in a given experimental setting can wash out the gender effects. The evidence of (not to mention, intention behind) the topography of gender stereotypes in print media is a bit clearer.

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Question:
Open Does anyone have a manual for a Gerbrands 4-channel tachistoscope?
I have recently acquired a Gerbrands G1135 T4A tachistoscope. The t-scope did not come with any manuals and I was wondering if anyone had a manual to... [more]

I have recently acquired a Gerbrands G1135 T4A tachistoscope. The t-scope did not come with any manuals and I was wondering if anyone had a manual to copy.

By Lisa Newell · Indiana University of Pennsylvania

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1 How is distractibilty related with creativity?
By Indrajeet Kumar · University of Allahabad

Indrajeet Kumar · University of Allahabad

I think that during bipolar manic state, due to racing thoughts and less top down control of thoughts the threshold for being distracted by many thou... [more]

I think that during bipolar manic state, due to racing thoughts and less top down control of thoughts the threshold for being distracted by many thoughts in the mind is lowered and the bipolar are able to see new relations and integration because they are automatically distracted. Some consider creativity as going the trains of thoughts away from the route that is possible when we are highly aroused and distractible. Its my opinion only. Any research related to this idea?

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6 Does anybody know any literature dealing with stress and attention?
By Gudrun Smith · Technische Universität Braunschweig

James Szalma · University of Central Florida

I also do work on individual differences in response to the stress associated with attentionally demanding tasks. Here is a book chapter that summari... [more]

I also do work on individual differences in response to the stress associated with attentionally demanding tasks. Here is a book chapter that summarizes some of this work.

Individual Differences in Stress Reaction × Szalma

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6 Attention mechanisms for AGI systems
By Helgi Helgason · Reykjavik University

Sarge Rogatch ·

Try calculating the entropy of the input data (if you don't have an example of interest, like red color among all colors in an image), or mutual infor... [more]

Try calculating the entropy of the input data (if you don't have an example of interest, like red color among all colors in an image), or mutual information of the example of interest and the input data. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entropy http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutual_information

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About Attention

Focusing on certain aspects of current experience to the exclusion of others. It is the act of heeding or taking notice or concentrating.

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Linda Heitzman-Powell

University of Kansas
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Universidad de Salamanca
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University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
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Attention

About Attention

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